The monomer n-butyl acrylate (BA, ≥99%, stabilized with 10–60 ppm monomethyl ether hydroquinone, Sigma Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany) was distilled at 5 mbar to remove the inhibitor. The solvents 1,4 dioxane (99.8%, water free, Sigma Aldrich), 2-octanone (≥98%, Sigma Aldrich), toluene (99.9%, Sigma Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), xylene (technical mixture of isomers, VWR Elements) and mesitylene (99%, Acros Organics, Schwerte, Germany) were used as received. Tetrahydrofuran (THF, 99%, Grüssing, Filsum, Germany) was employed as eluent for size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Hydroquinone (99%, Riedel) dissolved in methanol (98.5%, CG Chemikalien, Hannover, Germany) was used to stop the polymerization.
2 octanone
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States
2-octanone is a chemical compound that is commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. The core function of 2-octanone is as a solvent and an intermediate in chemical synthesis processes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
2 heptanone, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Toluene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trans 2 decenal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 pentylfuran, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Nonanal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hexanal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 octanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 heptanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Octanal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Heptanal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Propanoic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trans 2 nonenal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trans 2 octenal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trans 2 hexenal, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 4 dioxane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Mesitylene, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Monomethyl ether hydroquinone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
11 protocols using 2 octanone
1
Synthesis of Poly(n-Butyl Acrylate) in Organic Solvents
2
GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Compounds
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2-β-pinene (97% purity), 2-octanone (98% purity), 4-hexen-ol (96% purity), ethyl-nonanoate (98% purity), trans-2-decenal (92% purity), and aniline (98% purity) were used as internal standards, and were all produced by Sigma-Aldrich. Stock solution of these six standards, at a concentration of 1000 ppm, were prepared by dissolving the standards in a mixture of Mill-Q water and ethanol (95/5 (v/v)), and were stored in a refrigerator at 4 °C.
Ethanol was purchased from Romil. Ultra-pure water from a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) with a conductivity of 18 MΩ was used throughout.
Sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were from Sigma-Aldrich, and hydrogen chloride (HCl) was from Carlo Erba. Helium at a purity of 99.999% (Rivoira, Milan) was used as the GC carrier gas. The SPME fibers and the glass vials were purchased from Supelco (Bellofonte, PA, USA). The capillary GC-MS column HP-Innowax (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.5μm) was obtained from Agilent J&W (Agilent Technologies Inc. Santa Clara, CA).
The SPME fibers were conditioned as suggested by the manufacturer, prior to their first use. Before the initially daily analysis, the fibers were conditioned for 5 min at the operating temperature of the GC injector port and the blank level was checked. Triplicate analyses were performed.
Ethanol was purchased from Romil. Ultra-pure water from a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) with a conductivity of 18 MΩ was used throughout.
Sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were from Sigma-Aldrich, and hydrogen chloride (HCl) was from Carlo Erba. Helium at a purity of 99.999% (Rivoira, Milan) was used as the GC carrier gas. The SPME fibers and the glass vials were purchased from Supelco (Bellofonte, PA, USA). The capillary GC-MS column HP-Innowax (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.5μm) was obtained from Agilent J&W (Agilent Technologies Inc. Santa Clara, CA).
The SPME fibers were conditioned as suggested by the manufacturer, prior to their first use. Before the initially daily analysis, the fibers were conditioned for 5 min at the operating temperature of the GC injector port and the blank level was checked. Triplicate analyses were performed.
3
Comprehensive Analysis of Aroma Compounds
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The study used n-Alkane (C7-C30) standards and the available authentic standards, including ethyl acetate (≥99.5%), propyl acetate (≥99.5%), butyl acetate (99.7%), ethyl trans-2-butenoate, ethyl hexanoate (≥99%), ethyl heptanoate (≥99%), ethyl octanoate (≥99%), ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate (≥ 98%), hexyl hexanoate (≥ 98%), hexanal (≥95%), (Z)-3-hexenal (50% in triacetin), (E)-2-hexenal (≥97%), nonanal (≥99.5%), benzaldehyde (≥99.5%), (E)-2-decenal (≥95%), citral (≥95%), 1-butanol (≥99.4%), 1-hexanol (≥99.9%), (E)-2-hexenol (96%), 1-octen-3-ol (≥98%), 1-heptanol (≥99.5%), 2-ethylhexanol (≥99%), 1-octanol (≥99%), 2-octen-1-ol (97%), (Z)-5-octen-1-ol (≥97%), (E)-5-decen-1-ol (≥97%), phenylethyl alcohol (≥99%), cinnamyl alcohol (≥96%), acetic acid (≥99.7%), hexanoic acid (≥98%), heptanoic acid (≥99%), octanoic acid (99%), nonanoic acid (≥99.5%), limonene (mixture of D- and L-form at ratio of 1:1, ≥95%), linalool (≥99%), citronellol (≥95%), nerol (≥97%), geraniol (≥98.5%), 2-octanone (≥99.5%), acetophenone (≥99.5%), 2-pentylfuran (≥97%), 2-octanol (≥97%), and sodium chloride (NaCl, ≥99%) which were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Geranic acid (sum of isomers, 98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar Corporation (Tianjin, China). Ultrapure water was prepared using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA) with a 0.22 μm filter.
4
Analytical Standards for Food Analysis
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2-Ethylfuran, methyl butanoate, 2-methylthiophene, methyl hexanoate, 3-octen-2-one, 2-pentylthiophene, dimethyl sulfone, methanethiol, ethyl acetate, hexanal, acetoin, nonanal, (E)-2-nonenal, (Z)-5-octen-1-ol, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, dimethyl trisulfide, 1-octen-3-one, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-pentylpyridine, 2-acetyl-2-thiazoline, butanoic acid, methyl ester, and 2-methylthiophene were supplied by Aladdin Biochemical Technology (Shanghai, China) as analytical-grade standards. The analytical standards n-alkane mixture (C7–C40), 4-heptanone, 2-heptanone, 3-octanone, 2-octanone, γ-nonalactone, heptanal, octanal and pentanal were from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). The gas chromatography standards 2-butylfuran, 2-heptylfuran and 2-pentylfuran were supplied by Alfa Aesar (Shanghai, China). Seventeen amino acids reference standards including glycine, L-alanine, L-serine, L-proline, L-valine, L-threonine, L-leucine, isoleucine, L-aspartic acid, L-lysine, L-glutamic acid, L-methionine, L-histidine, L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, L-tyrosine and L-cystine, each with purity ≥98%, were purchased from Alta Scientific Ltd. (Tianjin, China).
5
Analytical Standards for Flavour Profiling
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Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) (Fluka), phenylethyl alcohol (Fluka), heptanal, (R)-(+)-β-citronellol, linalool, (-)-carvone, octanal, nonanal, trans-2-octenal, trans-2-nonenal, trans-2-decenal, 3-methyl-2-butenal, 2-octanone, 2tridecanone, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, indole, terpineol (mixture of isomers), and tetradecanoic acid analytical standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Pty) Ltd. Kempton Park, South Africa. NLEA FAME mixture, containing hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, was purchased from Restek (Bellefonte, PA, USA).
6
Volatile Compounds Extraction and Analysis
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Dichloromethane, anhydrous sodium sulfate, n-hexane were purchased from Yifengtiancheng Scientific Instruments Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China); n-Alkanes (C7~C30) and 4-methyl-2-pentanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA); Nitrogen (99.9992% purity) was purchased from Beijing Haipu Beifen Gas Industry Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China).
Standards of volatile compounds, hexanal, trans-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-heptenal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, acetic acid, 2-octanone, and 1-octen-3-one were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd. (Santa Clara, CA, USA).
Standards of volatile compounds, hexanal, trans-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-heptenal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, acetic acid, 2-octanone, and 1-octen-3-one were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd. (Santa Clara, CA, USA).
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Ketones
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2-Butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-hexanone, 2-heptanone, 2-octanone, 2-nonanone, and serial n-alkanes (C6~C26) were bought at Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), with 99% purity.
8
Volatile Profiling of Nut-Based Milk Beverages
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All samples of nut-based milks (i.e., almond beverages, walnut beverage, peanut beverage, almond and cacao beverage) were obtained from the local market in Thessaloniki, Greece. All samples were stored in the refrigerator (+4 °C). Butyrophenone (purity ≥99%) was used as internal standard (IS) solution (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). A stock solution of IS was prepared in methanol (Panreac, Barcelona, Spain) at a concentration of 1000 mg L−1. A stock standard solution containing heptane (purity >99%, Sigma-Aldrich), a-pinene (purity >95%, Fluka, St. Gallen, Swiss), toluene (purity >99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich), 2-methylpyrazine (purity >99%, Sigma-Aldrich), 3-heptanone (purity >98%, Sigma-Aldrich), heptanal (purity >95%, Sigma-Aldrich), 2-octanone (purity >98%, Sigma-Aldrich), 1-heptanol (purity >98%, Sigma-Aldrich), benzaldehyde (purity >99%, Sigma-Aldrich) and 1-octanol (purity >99%, Sigma-Aldrich) was prepared in methanol (concentration of each analyte 1000 mg L−1) and used for the identification of the volatile compounds and method validation. Τhe stock solution was stored in the refrigerator (+4 °C) and it was found stable for up to 2 months. Working standard solutions were prepared daily by diluting appropriate amount of stock standard solution and IS solution in distilled water.
9
Analytical Reagents for Scientific Research
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Riboflavin, NADPH, NADH, ethionamide, 4-phenyl-2-butanone, phenethyl acetate, 2octanone, hexyl acetate, 2-decanone, octyl acetate, 2-decanone, methyl undecanoate, decyl acetate, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, methanol, n-hexane, and salts were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Italy).
10
Yeast Isolation and Characterization
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae FD-12 was isolated from S. cerevisiae Type II, Sigma, USA.
2-Octanone was purchased from Merck-Schuchardt (Germany). (R)-2-octanol, (S)-2-octanol and (S)-(+)-PEIC (phenylethyl isocyanate) were supplied by Aldrich (USA). Emulsifier OP-6 (MW470), Tween 20 (MW1226.5), Tween 40 (MW1284.6), Tween 60 (MW1311.7) and Tween 80 (MW1309.6) were products of Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). Emulsifier OP-8 (MW559), Emulsifier OP-10 (MW647), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Emulsifier OP-12 (MW735) and cetyltriethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were obtained from Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Service Co., Ltd. (China). All other chemicals were of analytical grade. Glucose toolkit was purchased from BHKT Clinical Reagent Co. Ltd. (China).
2-Octanone was purchased from Merck-Schuchardt (Germany). (R)-2-octanol, (S)-2-octanol and (S)-(+)-PEIC (phenylethyl isocyanate) were supplied by Aldrich (USA). Emulsifier OP-6 (MW470), Tween 20 (MW1226.5), Tween 40 (MW1284.6), Tween 60 (MW1311.7) and Tween 80 (MW1309.6) were products of Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). Emulsifier OP-8 (MW559), Emulsifier OP-10 (MW647), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Emulsifier OP-12 (MW735) and cetyltriethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were obtained from Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Service Co., Ltd. (China). All other chemicals were of analytical grade. Glucose toolkit was purchased from BHKT Clinical Reagent Co. Ltd. (China).
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