Rorc cre

Wild-type mice were purchased from Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal Co. Rag1^–/–, Csf2^−/−, Rorc^gfp/gfp, Rorc-cre, Rosa26^stop-YFP, and Thy1.1 mice were purchased from Jackson laboratory. Rag2^−/−Il2rg^−/− mice were purchased from Taconic Biosciences. Mice used for in vivo studies were littermate controlled and were 6–10 weeks old. Both male and female mice were used unless otherwise noted. All mice used in this study are on C57BL/6 background, and were maintained in specific pathogen-free conditions. In DSS-induced colitis, α-CD40-induced colitis and other in vivo experiments, littermate mice were co-housed since weaning and randomly separated into control and treatment groups to avoid variation in distribution of microflora. All mice were fed with a plain commercial diet (Silaikang, Shanghai). Mice were housed in corn-cob-bedding cages in a room with the light–dark cycle (lights on at 6:00 and off at 18:00). All animal experiments were performed in compliance with the guide for the care and use of laboratory animals, and were approved by the institutional biomedical research ethics committee of the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Adult C57BL/6 male mice were purchased from the Multidisciplinary Centre for Biological Investigation, Campinas-SP, Brazil. Rorc-Cre, Villin-Cre, and HIF-1alfa^{floxed/floxed} mice were from The Jackson Laboratories. All strains were maintained in a C57BL/6 background and kept in regular filter-top cages with free access to sterile water and food. Animal procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Use of the University of Campinas (protocol #5495–1/2020).