RNeasy Plus Mini kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. RNA was
quantified by absorbance at 260/280 nm, and quality was evaluated using an Agilent 2100
Bioanalyzer and the RNA 6000 NanoChip kit (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California).
Double-stranded complementary DNA (ds-cDNA) was generated from 5 µg of RNA using the cDNA
Synthesis Kit System (Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, Indiana) and purified with the
GenElute polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Clean-up Kit (Sigma-Aldrich Quimica, Toluca,
Mexico). Afterward, the ds-cDNA was labeled with Cy3 and hybridized in a Human Gene
Expression Array 12 × 135 k (Roche Applied Science). Finally, the microarrays were scanned
on an MS200 Scanner (Roche Applied Science), and the data obtained were processed using
the DEVA 1.2 software (Roche Applied Science). Fluorescence intensities were normalized
using the RMA algorithm, and all data obtained were subsequently analyzed using the CLC
Main WorkBench version 7.0.3 software (Qiagen). Intensities of sensitive versus resistant
samples were compared and the genes were considered differentially expressed when the
intensities showed a difference of >1.5 and a P value <.05.