The physisorption isotherm data of the samples were collected a commercial apparatus (BELSORP-miniII, MicrotracBEL) and analyzed by a software (BELMaster, MicrotracBEL). The specific surface area was evaluated by the BET (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller) method according to ISO9277, which was calculated from the data of isotherm with relative pressure <0.1. In addition, to estimate the microporosity and micropore distribution of carbon material, the MP (micropore analysis) method was applied.
Belsorp mini 2
Manufactured by Microtrac
Sourced in Japan
The BELSORP-mini II is a compact and fully automated gas adsorption analyzer designed for the measurement of specific surface area, pore size, and pore volume of solid materials. It utilizes the volumetric gas adsorption technique to determine the physical properties of materials. The instrument is capable of analyzing a wide range of materials, including catalysts, adsorbents, powders, and porous solids.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Escalab 250, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Miniflex 600, by Rigaku (2 mentions)
Jem 3010, by JEOL (2 mentions)
D8 advance, by Bruker (2 mentions)
Belmaster, by Microtrac (1 mentions)
Em 30 plus, by Coxem (1 mentions)
Jem 2010, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Tga 4000, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
S 4800, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Mpms3, by Quantum Design (1 mentions)
Spectrum two spectrometer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Aa 680, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Jsm 7000f, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Nicolet is5 ftir spectrometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Autochem 2920, by Micromeritics (1 mentions)
Cf400 cu, by Electron Microscopy Sciences (1 mentions)
Tecnai tf30 st, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
D8 advanceda25, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Tga q50, by TA Instruments (1 mentions)
Jem 2000fx, by JEOL (1 mentions)
22 protocols using belsorp mini 2
1
Physisorption Isotherm Analysis of Carbon Materials
2
Detailed Material Characterization Protocol
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The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were recorded on a MiniFlex600 (Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) using Cu−Kα radiation at a generator voltage of 30 kV and a tube current of 30 mA. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken on an EM-30 Plus (COXEM, Daejeon Korea). The specific surface areas of samples were obtained on a Belsorp-mini II (MicrotracBEL Corporation, Osaka, Japan). The samples were degassed under vacuum at 250 °C for more than 5 h before measurement. The Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) specific surface areas were calculated based on the linear part of the BET plot (P/P0 = 0.05–0.25). The Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore distributions were calculated based on adsorption branches, and total pore volumes were calculated based on the quantities of adsorbed nitrogen at the maximum relative pressure (P/P0 = 0.99).
3
Characterization of Magnetite Nanoparticles
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The crystal structure of Fe3O4 was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8 ADVANCE, Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA). Morphology and size were observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM, JEM-2010, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). The specific surface areas of the Fe3O4 particles were obtained by applying BET analyses to N2 sorption data acquired at 77 K and p/p0 = 0.99 (BELSORP-mini II, MicrotracBEL, Osaka, Japan).
4
Comprehensive Characterization of Fe3O4@ZIF-8 Composites
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The microstructures of the samples were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM; S-4800, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM; JEM-3010, Jeol, Tokyo, Japan) [30 (link)]. The crystalline structure was determined through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD; MiniFlex 600, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) using an X-ray diffractometer with Cu Kα1 radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). To probe the presence of the chemical functional groups, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed using a Spectrum Two spectrometer (Perkin–Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with an attenuated total reflectance sampling accessory over a wavenumber range of 500–4000 cm−1. Nitrogen sorption measurements (Belsorp-mini II, MicrotracBEL, Osaka, Japan) were performed to characterize the specific Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA; TGA 4000, Perkin–Elmer) was conducted under an air atmosphere to evaluate the relative content of ZIF-8 in Fe3O4@ZIF-8. The samples used in the N2 sorption and TGA experiments were pretreated in a vacuum oven at 160 °C for 10 h. The magnetism was determined using a vibrating sample magnetometer (MPMS 3, Quantum Design, Darmstadt, Germany) with an external magnetic field ranging from −70 to 70 kOe at 300 K.
5
Characterization of Fe(II)-Phthalocyanine Catalyst
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Chemicals were acquired from Merck and Aldrich and used with no subsequent purification. Fe(II)-phthalocyanine-4,4′,4″,4‴-tetrasulfonic acid was provided from Sigma-Aldrich. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and elemental mapping were performed by Scanning Electron Microscope of TSCAN Company. Characterization of the functional groups was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) using an AVATAR FTIR instrument of Thermo company in the range of 400–4000 cm-1. Elemental detections were accomplished using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) (Shimadzu AA-680). Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis was done by Belsorp mini II instrument of Microtrac Bel Corp at 77 K after drying the sample under reduced pressure for 24 h. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out by a Linseis STA PT1000. Gas chromatography (GC) was performed in Varian 3900 GC with 260 °C of injector and detector temperature, 100 and 280 °C for initial and final temperatures respectively, and the temperature ramp was adjusted on 3 °C/min.
6
Morphological and Chemical Characterization of AG/rGO
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The morphology of the Cu mesh and AG/rGO was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, JSM7000F, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). The chemical composition and structure of AG/rGO were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, ESCALAB250, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) using monochromated Al Kα radiation and Raman spectroscopy (XperRam35V, Nanobase, Seoul, Korea) with a 405-nm excitation laser. In the XPS analysis, peak deconvolution of the C 1s core-level spectrum was performed using the asymmetric Doniach–Sunjic line shape for the sp2-hybridized carbon, Gaussian–Lorentzian functions for the other spectral components, and the Shirley background model [22 (link),23 (link),24 (link)]. The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms of AG were measured at 77 K (BELSORP-mini II, MicrotracBEL, Osaka, Japan).
7
Nitrogen Adsorption-Desorption for Surface Area
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Specific surface areas were evaluated with a multiple Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method which evaluates nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms at 77 K using a BELSORP-mini II (MicrotracBEL, Osaka, Japan).
8
Comprehensive Material Characterization Protocol
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A JEM-ARM200F Cs-corrected
scanning transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a ZrO/W(100)
thermal field emission type at 200 kV was used for elemental mapping.
An FEI Tecnai TF30ST TEM with a ZrO/W(100) Schottky emitter at 300
kV was used to analyze material morphology. The sample powder was
diluted in ethyl alcohol via ultrasonication, and it was dried on
a TEM grid (Electron Microscopy Sciences, CF400-CU). A D8 Advanced
A25 (BRUKER) was used to measure powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier-transform
infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed using a Nicolet iS5 FTIR
spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with an iD7 ATR accessory.
A BELSORP-mini II (MicrotracBEL) was used to measure the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
(BET) surface area. A TGA Q50 (TA Instruments) was used to perform
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The sample was heated to 1000 °C
by 10 °C/min under nitrogen. An AutoChem 2920 (Micromeritics,
USA) was used to measure ammonia temperature-programmed desorption
(TPD). Before analysis, the sample was dried in a vacuum oven at 200
°C for 6 h. Then, it was pretreated at 150 °C for 12 h under
a helium gas flow. The fraction of ammonia was 15% during adsorption
of ammonia at 40 °C for 1 h. The temperature during ammonia desorption
was raised to 150 °C by 10 °C/min.
scanning transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a ZrO/W(100)
thermal field emission type at 200 kV was used for elemental mapping.
An FEI Tecnai TF30ST TEM with a ZrO/W(100) Schottky emitter at 300
kV was used to analyze material morphology. The sample powder was
diluted in ethyl alcohol via ultrasonication, and it was dried on
a TEM grid (Electron Microscopy Sciences, CF400-CU). A D8 Advanced
A25 (BRUKER) was used to measure powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier-transform
infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed using a Nicolet iS5 FTIR
spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with an iD7 ATR accessory.
A BELSORP-mini II (MicrotracBEL) was used to measure the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
(BET) surface area. A TGA Q50 (TA Instruments) was used to perform
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The sample was heated to 1000 °C
by 10 °C/min under nitrogen. An AutoChem 2920 (Micromeritics,
USA) was used to measure ammonia temperature-programmed desorption
(TPD). Before analysis, the sample was dried in a vacuum oven at 200
°C for 6 h. Then, it was pretreated at 150 °C for 12 h under
a helium gas flow. The fraction of ammonia was 15% during adsorption
of ammonia at 40 °C for 1 h. The temperature during ammonia desorption
was raised to 150 °C by 10 °C/min.
9
Characterization of Nitrogen-Containing Thermoelectrics
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The elemental
analysis of NCT was performed using CHN
analyzers (CE440,
Exeter Analytical, Inc. and JM10, J-SCIENCE LAB Co., Ltd.) at the
Global Facility Center, Hokkaido University, Japan. For specific surface
area measurements of NC1223, the sample was pretreated
at 373 K under vacuum for 6 h, and then, the measurements were carried
out at 77 K using Belsorp-mini II (MicrotracBEL). Nitrogen was used
as the adsorptive gas. XPS data were collected at a pass energy of
10 eV using an Al X-ray source on a photoelectron spectrometer JPS-9200
(JEOL). The peak of C=C in the C 1s region was used as an internal
standard (284.7 eV) to calibrate the binding energies of the elements.
TEM images were taken by using JEM-2000FX (JEOL). HAADF–STEM
and EDS elemental mapping images were obtained using a JEOL JEM-ARM200F
instrument at 200 kV.
analysis of NCT was performed using CHN
analyzers (CE440,
Exeter Analytical, Inc. and JM10, J-SCIENCE LAB Co., Ltd.) at the
Global Facility Center, Hokkaido University, Japan. For specific surface
area measurements of NC1223, the sample was pretreated
at 373 K under vacuum for 6 h, and then, the measurements were carried
out at 77 K using Belsorp-mini II (MicrotracBEL). Nitrogen was used
as the adsorptive gas. XPS data were collected at a pass energy of
10 eV using an Al X-ray source on a photoelectron spectrometer JPS-9200
(JEOL). The peak of C=C in the C 1s region was used as an internal
standard (284.7 eV) to calibrate the binding energies of the elements.
TEM images were taken by using JEM-2000FX (JEOL). HAADF–STEM
and EDS elemental mapping images were obtained using a JEOL JEM-ARM200F
instrument at 200 kV.
10
Nitrogen Adsorption-Desorption Isotherms Analysis
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Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms were obtained using a Belsorp Mini II instrument (MicrotracBEL Corp.). The specific surface areas were determined using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) multipoint method with BELMaster7 software. The average pore size distributions were calculated using the Barrette–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) method from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm data.
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