Bile acids kit

Manufactured by Biocrates

Sourced in Austria

The Biocrates Bile Acids Kit is a laboratory equipment designed for the quantitative measurement of bile acids in biological samples. The kit uses a targeted metabolomics approach to provide accurate and reliable data on bile acid concentrations.

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Lab products found in correlation

Targetlynx, by Waters Corporation (2 mentions) Xcalibur, by Biocrates (1 mentions) Sciex 4000 qtrap, by AB Sciex (1 mentions) Metidq software, by Biocrates (1 mentions) Sciex qtrap 5500, by AB Sciex (1 mentions) Sciex api 5500 qtrap, by AB Sciex (1 mentions) Absolute dq p180 kit, by Biocrates (1 mentions) Absoluteidq p180 kit, by Biocrates (1 mentions) Xevo tq s, by Waters Corporation (1 mentions) Acquity uplc system, by Waters Corporation (1 mentions) Qtrap 5500, by AB Sciex (1 mentions) Acquity uplc system, by AB Sciex (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Biocrates® Life Sciences Bile Acids Kit (4 citations) AbsoluteIDQ Bile Acids kit (3 citations) Biocrates® Bile Acid Kit (2 citations)

16 protocols using bile acids kit

Comprehensive Lipid Biomarker Quantification

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Lipid measurements were performed in collaboration with Biocrates (Innsbruck, Austria).
Bile acid quantification was performed with a commercial Bile Acids Kit from Biocrates. A selective reverse-phase LC-MS/MS analysis method in negative ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection mode was used to measure bile acid levels. Analyses were performed via LC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS with a SCIEX 4000 QTRAP (SCIEX, Darmstadt, Germany) instrument. Seven-point external calibration curves and 10 stable isotope-labeled internal standards were used.
Prostaglandins were purified from 20 µl of biological sample with a methanolic protein precipitating solution. A MRM mode using negative ESI was applied to detect prostaglandins. An online solid phase extraction-HPLC-MS/MS on a SCIEX 5500 QTRAP (SCIEX) instrument was used to carry out the analysis. Several deuterated metabolites were used as internal standards; quantitation was performed with a seven-point calibration.
Extractions of sterols and oxysterols from samples were performed with methanol and the Biocrates Kit filter plate. A UHPLC-MS/MS with MRM in positive mode using a SCIEX API 5500 QTRAP (SCIEX) instrument with ESI was applied to determine the concentration of sterols and oxysterols.
All data were quantified with MS software (ThermoFisher Scientific Xcalibur) and Biocrates MetIDQ software.

Lefort C., Van Hul M., Delzenne N.M., Everard A, & Cani P.D. (2019). Hepatic MyD88 regulates liver inflammation by altering synthesis of oxysterols. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 317(1), E99-E108.

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Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling by FIA-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS

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Determination of plasma concentrations of specific metabolites from five compound classes [amino acids (n = 21), amino acid metabolites (n = 21), carnitine species (n = 40), bile acids (n = 20), sum of hexoses] was carried out using two commercially available kits (Absolute/DQ p180 kit, Bile acids kit) using a flow injection analysis-tandem mass spectrometry (FIA-MS/MS) method for acylcarnitines and hexoses and a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for amino acids and amino acid metabolites by Biocrates (Innsbruck, Austria).

Meyer S., Gessner D.K., Braune M.S., Friedhoff T., Most E., Höring M., Liebisch G., Zorn H., Eder K, & Ringseis R. (2020). Comprehensive evaluation of the metabolic effects of insect meal from Tenebrio molitor L. in growing pigs by transcriptomics, metabolomics and lipidomics. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 11, 20.

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Quantification of Fecal Bile Acids

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Sterile-filtered and heat-denatured infant fecal samples endogenous bile acid levels were quantified using the Biocrates’ Bile Acids Kit with the help of the Analytical Facility for Bioactive Molecules at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada.

Icho S., Ward J.S., Tam J., Kociolek L.K., Theriot C.M, & Melnyk R.A. (2023). Intestinal bile acids provide a surmountable barrier against C. difficile TcdB-induced disease pathogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120(19), e2301252120.

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Bile Acid Profiling from Liver Samples

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The Bile Acids Kit (Biocrates Life Sciences AG) was used as described in the manufacturer's instructions. Metabolites were extracted from liver samples by adding H 2 O/acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) per mg of sample, followed by homogenization with a tissue slicer for 10 min at 30 Hz with four steel beads. Samples were centrifuged at 1400g for 2 min, and the supernatant was analyzed. The targeted analysis was performed by adding 10 l of extracted serum samples to the AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit (Biocrates Life Science AG), following the vendor's instructions (68) .

Riba A., Hassani K., Walker A., van Best N., von Zezschwitz D., Anslinger T., Sillner N., Rosenhain S., Eibach D., Maiga-Ascofaré O., Rolle-Kampczyk U., Basic M., Binz A., Mocek S., Sodeik B., Bauerfeind R., Mohs A., Trautwein C., Kiessling F., May J., Klingenspor M., Gremse F., Schmitt-Kopplin P., Bleich A., Torow N., von Bergen M, & Hornef M.W. (2020). Disturbed gut microbiota and bile homeostasis in Giardia-infected mice contributes to metabolic dysregulation and growth impairment. Science translational medicine, 12(565).

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Quantitative Bile Acid Profiling

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Quantification of bile acids in both brain tissue extract and plasma were performed using the Biocrates Bile Acids kit (BIOCRATES, Life Science AG, Innsbruck, Austria). The bile acid kit provides simultaneous quantification of 22 bile acids (properties outlined in Table 6). Samples were processed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Seven calibration standards and a mixture of 10 internal standards are integrated into this kit and three human plasma based quality controls were applied to assess the reproducibility of the assay. Briefly, 10 µL of calibrators, quality controls, plasma samples, and PM brain extracts (prepared as described above) were applied to a 96-well filter plate, which contains isotopic internal standards. All samples were subsequently extracted in methanol (100 µL), diluted with water (60 μL), and analysed using a Waters Acquity UPLC system (Milford, MA, USA) coupled to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (Xevo TQ-S, Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA) operating in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Metabolite concentrations were calculated with plasma concentrations expressed as nM, and brain expressed as nmol per gram of dry tissue weight.

Pan X., Elliott C.T., McGuinness B., Passmore P., Kehoe P.G., Hölscher C., McClean P.L., Graham S.F, & Green B.D. (2017). Metabolomic Profiling of Bile Acids in Clinical and Experimental Samples of Alzheimer’s Disease. Metabolites, 7(2), 28.

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Quantification of 15 Bile Acids

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A total of 15 bile acids were quantified using the Biocrates® bile acids kit (Biocrates Life Science AG, Innsbruck, Austria) using a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) system, allowing concurrent high-throughput detection and quantification of metabolites in plasma samples. The detailed protocol is provided in Supplementary Information.

Kim D.J., Yoon S., Ji S.C., Yang J., Kim Y.K., Lee S., Yu K.S., Jang I.J., Chung J.Y, & Cho J.Y. (2018). Ursodeoxycholic acid improves liver function via phenylalanine/tyrosine pathway and microbiome remodelling in patients with liver dysfunction. Scientific Reports, 8, 11874.

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Quantification of Fecal Bile Acids by LC-MS/MS

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Fecal bile acids were extracted by sonification in 1:3 diluted extraction buffer (ethanol and phosphate buffer, Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) from approximately 300 mg of feces; supernatants were used for quantification. Quantification of primary and secondary bile acids from serum and fecal sample extracts was performed by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS) using the Biocrates^® Bile Acids kit (BIOCRATES Life Science AG, Innsbruck, Austria), which covers 16 individual bile acids. Data analysis was completed using the Biocrates MetIDQ software (Version MetIDQ 7.11.5-DB180-Nitrogen-2834) [31 (link)].

Manka P., Sydor S., Schänzer-Ocklenburg J.M., Brandenburg M., Best J., Vilchez-Vargas R., Link A., Heider D., Brodesser S., Figge A., Jähnert A., Coombes J.D., Cubero F.J., Kahraman A., Kim M.S., Kälsch J., Kinner S., Faber K.N., Moshage H., Gerken G., Syn W.K., Canbay A, & Bechmann L.P. (2022). A Potential Role for Bile Acid Signaling in Celiac Disease-Associated Fatty Liver. Metabolites, 12(2), 130.

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Targeted Bile Acid Profiling in ADNI

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Targeted metabolomics profiling was performed to identify and quantify concentrations of 20 BAs from serum samples using Biocrates® Bile Acids Kit as described in detail in the companion paper in this volume (MahmoudianDehkordi et al, 2018 submitted). In brief, morning serum samples from the baseline visit were collected and aliquoted as described in the ADNI standard operating procedures, with only fasting samples included in this study [32 ]. BA quantification was performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Metabolites with >40% of measurements below the lower limit of detection (Supplementary Table 1. The preprocessed dataset included 15 BAs (5 BAs did not pass QC criteria) and 8 ratios. These selected ratios reflect enzymatic dysfunctions in liver and changes in gut microbiome metabolism (see Fig 1b and Section 2.3). The preprocessed BA values obtained from the QC step were adjusted for the effect of medication use (at baseline) on BA levels (see Toledo et al. 2017 [35 ] for adjustment description details).

Nho K., Kueider-Paisley A., MahmoudianDehkordi S., Arnold M., Risacher S.L., Louie G., Blach C., Baillie R., Han X., Kastenmüller G., Jia W., Xie G., Ahmad S., Hankemeier T., van Duijn C.M., Trojanowski J.Q., Shaw L.M., Weiner M.W., Doraiswamy P.M., Saykin A.J, & Kaddurah-Daouk R. (2018). Altered Bile Acid Profile in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: Relationship to Neuroimaging and CSF Biomarkers. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 15(2), 232-244.

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Quantitative Metabolomic Analysis of Brain Bile Acids

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Quantitative metabolomics assays were performed on brain tissue samples to measure concentrations of the primary BAs, including CA and CDCA, using the Biocrates Bile Acids kit (Biocrates Life Sciences AG, Austria). Details on both assay kits, as well as calibration steps, have been published previously [25 (link)]. Additional details regarding the use of internal standards are included in S1 Text.

Varma V.R., Wang Y., An Y., Varma S., Bilgel M., Doshi J., Legido-Quigley C., Delgado J.C., Oommen A.M., Roberts J.A., Wong D.F., Davatzikos C., Resnick S.M., Troncoso J.C., Pletnikova O., O’Brien R., Hak E., Baak B.N., Pfeiffer R., Baloni P., Mohmoudiandehkordi S., Nho K., Kaddurah-Daouk R., Bennett D.A., Gadalla S.M, & Thambisetty M. (2021). Bile acid synthesis, modulation, and dementia: A metabolomic, transcriptomic, and pharmacoepidemiologic study. PLoS Medicine, 18(5), e1003615.

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Bile Acids Quantification Protocol

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Bile acids were analyzed using the commercially available Biocrates Bile Acids Kit (Biocrates Life Science AG, Innsbruck, Austria) as described by Marksteiner et al. [16 (link)]. This assay allows identification and quantification of primary and secondary bile acids and their taurine and glycine conjugated derivatives. The metabolite panel included 17 individual bile acids, corresponding internal standards, and calibration ranges. Data analysis was performed with TargetLynx (Waters) and Biocrates MetIDQ software.

Yilmaz A., Ugur Z., Ustun I., Akyol S., Bahado-Singh R.O., Maddens M., Aasly J.O, & Graham S.F. (2020). Metabolic Profiling of CSF from People Suffering from Sporadic and LRRK2 Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Study. Cells, 9(11), 2394.

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