Glycemia was measured with whole blood collected from the tail vein using a Roche blood glucose meter. For measurement of fasting blood glucose, fasting was started at 9:00 a.m., and the mice were fasted for 6 h. Random blood glucose levels were also measured at 9:00 a.m. If the glucose level was greater than 630 mg/dL (the upper detection limit of the glucometer), a value of 630 mg/dL was recorded. The blood glucose levels were determined.
Plasma was separated using lithium heparin-coated microcentrifuge tubes (BD Diagnostics). Plasma LDL, TG, CHO, ALT, AST, and cytokine levels were measured using kits according to the manufacturers’ instructions. For the hepatic lipid assay, approximately 100 mg of liver tissue was homogenized in methanol, and lipids were extracted in chloroform: methanol (2:1 v/v) for 12 h. Hepatic TG and CHO levels were then quantified using mouse TG and CHO ELISA kits.
Plasma was separated using lithium heparin-coated microcentrifuge tubes (BD Diagnostics). Plasma LDL, TG, CHO, ALT, AST, and cytokine levels were measured using kits according to the manufacturers’ instructions. For the hepatic lipid assay, approximately 100 mg of liver tissue was homogenized in methanol, and lipids were extracted in chloroform: methanol (2:1 v/v) for 12 h. Hepatic TG and CHO levels were then quantified using mouse TG and CHO ELISA kits.