Bromoethane (98%), 2-bromoethanol (95%), thiourea (≥99%), acetonitrile (≥99.9%) and ethyl acetate (99%) were purchased from Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA) and used as received. CO2 with a stated purity of 99.995% was acquired from AlphagazTM (Air Liquide, Lisboa, Portugal). Milli-Q quality water was used to prepare solutions. A Sartorious balance with a precision of ±1 × 10−5 g was used to prepare the test solutions, which were kept in air-tight vials.
2 bromoethanol
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
2-bromoethanol is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a distinctive odor. 2-bromoethanol serves as a versatile precursor and intermediate in organic synthesis, chemical reactions, and analytical procedures. Its primary function is to provide a source of bromine and ethanol moieties for further chemical transformations and analyses.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Triethylamine, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Dichloromethane, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methacryloyl chloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Methylene chloride, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Polyethylene glycol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Bromoethane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Thiourea, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hexane, by Scharlab (1 mentions)
Urea, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Methyl methacrylate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
1 butylimidazole, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
1 vinyl 2 pyrrolidone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q water, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
14 protocols using 2 bromoethanol
1
Synthesis and Purification of Bromoethane Compounds
2
Synthesis of Ionic Liquid-Based Polymer
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All compounds and solvents were commercially available and used as received: 2-bromoethanol (Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany, 95%), triethylamine (Sigma Aldrich, Munich, Germany, 99%), methacryloyl chloride (Aldrich, 97%), 1-butylimidazole (Aldrich, 98%), hydroquinone (Panreac, Barcelona, Spain, 99.5%), methyl methacrylate, 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide lithium salt (Aldrich, 99.95%), milliQ water, dichloromethane (Aldrich, 99.99%), hexane (Scharlau, Bavaria, Germany, 99.8%), Uralumina150 (U150) (Scionix Ltd. (London, UK)), and urea (Fischer Scientific, Madrid, Spain, 99.5%).
3
Synthesis of Photoresponsive Polymers
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2-Bromopropionic acid,
acetone, acetonitrile,
anhydrous ethyl ether, hexanes, hydrochloric acid (37%), anhydrous
magnesium sulfate, methanol, methylene chloride (DCM), potassium hydroxide,
sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, HPLC-grade
tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene, and N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (≥99%) (DCC) were
purchased from Fisher Scientific. Ethanol was purchased from Decon
Laboratories. 1,4-Dioxane, 2-bromoethanol (95%), 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine
(≥99%) (DMAP), benzyl alcohol, n-butyl acrylate
(nBA), copper(I) bromide (99.999%), copper(I) chloride (>99.995%),
ethyl acetate (99.5%), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine
(PMDETA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. 2,3,3-Trimethylindolenine
(>97.0+ %) and 3-chloromethyl-5-nitrosalicylaldehyde
were purchased from TCI Chemicals. Phosphotungstic acid was purchased
from Electron Microscopy Sciences. Milli-Q water (18.2 MΩ·cm)
was obtained from a Synergy water purification system (MilliporeSigma).
The monomers (nBA and MMA) were filtered through activated neutral
alumina immediately before use to remove inhibitor. The initiator,
SPBr2, was synthesized following the literature procedure
(see theSupporting Information ). All other
reagents were used as received unless otherwise noted.
acetone, acetonitrile,
anhydrous ethyl ether, hexanes, hydrochloric acid (37%), anhydrous
magnesium sulfate, methanol, methylene chloride (DCM), potassium hydroxide,
sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, HPLC-grade
tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene, and N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (≥99%) (DCC) were
purchased from Fisher Scientific. Ethanol was purchased from Decon
Laboratories. 1,4-Dioxane, 2-bromoethanol (95%), 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine
(≥99%) (DMAP), benzyl alcohol, n-butyl acrylate
(nBA), copper(I) bromide (99.999%), copper(I) chloride (>99.995%),
ethyl acetate (99.5%), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine
(PMDETA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. 2,3,3-Trimethylindolenine
(>97.0
were purchased from TCI Chemicals. Phosphotungstic acid was purchased
from Electron Microscopy Sciences. Milli-Q water (18.2 MΩ·cm)
was obtained from a Synergy water purification system (MilliporeSigma).
The monomers (nBA and MMA) were filtered through activated neutral
alumina immediately before use to remove inhibitor. The initiator,
SPBr2, was synthesized following the literature procedure
(see the
reagents were used as received unless otherwise noted.
4
Synthesis and Purification of Lactides
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l ,l -Lactide from Purac was recrystallized from 2-propanol, sublimated, and stored under vacuum. 2-Bromoethanol (95%) and 4-hydroxybenzophenone (HBP, 98%), which were both from Sigma-Aldrich (St.Luis, MO, USA/Steinheim, Germany), were used as received, and acrylonitrile (AN, 99%) was passed through an inhibitor removal column filled with silica gel and distilled under vacuum.
Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid from Sigma-Aldrich (St.Luis, MO, USA/Steinheim, Germany), (triflic acid, 99%) was distilled under vacuum. Dichloroethane (DCE, pure p.a.), dimethylformamide (DMF, pure p.a.), and dioxane (pure p.a.) from POCH (Gliwice, Poland) were dried over CaH2, distilled before use, and stored over molecular sieves (4 Å). Chloroform (pure p.a.), 2-propanol (pure p.a.), methanol (pure p.a.), ethanol (pure p.a.), diethyl ether (pure p.a.), and hexane (99%), all from POCH (Gliwice, Poland), were used as received. Potassium hydroxide (pure p.a.) was obtained from POCH (Gliwice, Poland), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4, 99%) was obtained from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland) and both were used as received.
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Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid from Sigma-Aldrich (St.Luis, MO, USA/Steinheim, Germany), (triflic acid, 99%) was distilled under vacuum. Dichloroethane (DCE, pure p.a.), dimethylformamide (DMF, pure p.a.), and dioxane (pure p.a.) from POCH (Gliwice, Poland) were dried over CaH2, distilled before use, and stored over molecular sieves (4 Å). Chloroform (pure p.a.), 2-propanol (pure p.a.), methanol (pure p.a.), ethanol (pure p.a.), diethyl ether (pure p.a.), and hexane (99%), all from POCH (Gliwice, Poland), were used as received. Potassium hydroxide (pure p.a.) was obtained from POCH (Gliwice, Poland), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4, 99%) was obtained from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland) and both were used as received.
5
Synthesis of Oxazolo-Indole Derivatives
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2,3,3-Trimethylindolenin (98%), 1,1,2-trimethylbenz[e]indole (98%), 2-bromoethanol (95%), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (98%), and 1-naphthaldehyde used for the synthesis of (E)-4-(2-(9,9-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrooxazolo[3,2-a]indol-9a(9H)-yl)vinyl)phenol (OX1-OH), (E)-4-(2-(11,11-dimethyl-8,9-dihydrobenzo[e]oxazolo[3,2-a]indol-10a(11H)-yl)vinyl)phenol (OX2-OH), (E)-9,9-dimethyl-9a-(2-(naphthalen-1-yl)vinyl)-2,3,9,9a-tetrahydrooxazolo[3,2-a]indole (OX1-NaPh), and (E)-11,11-dimethyl-10a-(2-(naphthalen-1-yl)vinyl)-8,9,10a,11- tetrahydrobenzo[e]oxazolo[3,2-a]indole (OX2-NaPh) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. A wide range of buffers covering pH from 1 to 14 were purchased from Aldrich. All of the solvents including methanol, isopropanol, ethanol, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and acetone, supplied from Sigma-Aldrich and Merck Chemical Companies, were used without further purification. Polyethylene glycol (PEG, 3500–4500 g mol−1) and NaNO3 were purchased from the Merck Chemical Company and used without further purification. Distilled deionized (DI) water was used in all the recipes, and all of the materials were used without further purification.
6
Synthesis of Functional Polymer Materials
7
Synthesis of Biodegradable Polymer Materials
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L,L-Lactide from Purac was recrystallized from 2-propanol, sublimated, and stored under vacuum. The 2-bromoethanol (95%), 4-hydroxybenzophenone (HBP, 98%), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI, 99%), ethylene glycol (EG, 99.8%), which were all from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Luis, MO, USA/Steinheim, Germany), were used as received. Acrylonitrile (AN, 99%) was passed through an inhibitor removal column filled with silica gel and distilled under a vacuum. Styrene was purified with basic Al2O3 to remove the inhibitor and distilled under a vacuum. Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (triflic acid, 99%) from Sigma-Aldrich was distilled under vacuum, and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL, 98%) from ABCR was used as received. Dichloroethane (DCE, pure p.a.), dimethylformamide (DMF, pure p.a.), and anisole (pure p.a.) from POCH (Gliwice, Poland) were dried over CaH2, distilled before use, and stored over molecular sieves (4 Å). Chloroform (pure p.a.), 2-propanol (pure p.a.), ethanol (pure p.a.), diethyl ether (pure p.a.), and hexane (99%), all from POCH (Gliwice, Poland), were used as received. Potassium hydroxide (pure p.a.) was obtained from POCH (Gliwice, Poland), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4, 99%) was obtained from Chempur (Piekary Slaskie, Poland), and both were used as received.
8
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Biomaterials
9
Synthesis and Characterization of Halogenated Alcohols
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1,8-Diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene (DBU, ≥99.0%, GC analysis), 2-chloroethanol (≥99.0%), 2-bromoethanol (95%), 2-iodoethanol (98%), propylene chlorohydrin (70 wt% of 1-chloro-2-propanol and 30% of 2-chloro-1-propanol), 3-chloro-1-propanol (98%), 3-bromo-1-propanol (98%) and D2O (99.9 atom % D), d6-DMSO (anhydrous, 99.9 atom% D) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich while ethyl acetate (≥99.0%), ethanol (≥99.0%), and dimethyl sulfoxide (≥99.0%) were purchased from VWR chemicals and used further without purification. CO2 and 13C enriched CO2 gas bottles (>99.99%) were obtained from AGA AB (Linde Group) and used without further purification.
10
Transfection of Human Epithelial Cells
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LPEI (22 kDa), was gift from polychemistry, USA. Lipofectamine® 2000 (L2K) was purchased from Invitrogen Life Technologies (New York, USA). 2-Bromoethanol was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Bangalore. siRNA targeting human epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) with antisense strand sequence of was purchased from Eurofins MWG Operons Ltd (Germany). Carboxyfluorescene FAM labelled negative control siRNA (FAM-NC-siRNA) and non-target control siRNA (NTC control) with antisense strand sequence was gift sample from GenePharma (Shanghai, China). The cell culture reagents such as: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, Eagle's minimal essential medium (EMEM), Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Antibiotic antimycotic solution (100×) were purchased from Himedia (Mumbai, India).
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