2470 automatic gamma counter

Manufactured by PerkinElmer

Sourced in United States

The 2470 Automatic Gamma Counter is a laboratory instrument designed for the detection and measurement of gamma radiation. It provides accurate and reliable data for various applications that require the quantification of gamma-emitting samples.

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Lab products found in correlation

Protein desalting spin column, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Epoch microplate spectrophotometer, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Testosterone, by MP Biomedicals (1 mentions) 2470 wizard2, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Hepes, by STEMCELL (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

2470 WIZARD2 (link) Automatic gamma counter 2470 WIZARD2 Automatic Gamma Counter 2470 Automatic Gamma Counter Wizard2 Wallac 2470 Wizard Automatic Gamma Counter Automatic gamma counter Gamma counter

8 protocols using 2470 automatic gamma counter

Quantifying Tissue Radioactive Uptake

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After SPECT and fluorescence imaging,
organs and tissues were weighed and counted for their radioactive
content using a gamma counter (2470 automatic gamma counter, PerkinElmer).
Counts per minute were converted into megabecquerels (MBq) and corrected
for physical decay of technetium-99m (t_1/2 = 6 h) at the time point of injection (t = 0),
and the percentage of the injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g)
was calculated as follows: [(MBq_tissue/MBq_injected) × 100]/grams of tissue.

Welling M.M., de Korne C.M., Spa S.J., van Willigen D.M., Hensbergen A.W., Bunschoten A., Duszenko N., Smits W.K., Roestenberg M, & van Leeuwen F.W. (2019). Multimodal Tracking of Controlled Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Mice. ACS Infectious Diseases, 5(7), 1160-1168.

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Radioactive IgG Labeling for Binding

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IgG was radiolabeled with ¹²⁵I to serve as a tracer to protein bound to the nanogels. Briefly, 200µL of 2mg/ml Iodogen® iodination reagent (1, 3, 4, 6-tetrachloro-3α-6a–diphenylglycouril) in chloroform was dried in a glass tube using dry nitrogen gas to form a thin layer on the glass wall. 100µL of 1mg/ml Mouse IgG was added to iodogen coated tube and radioactive iodine (Na¹²⁵I) was added and incubated for 5 minutes. Free iodide was removed from the protein using a Thermo Scientific protein desalting spin column according to manufacturing instructions. Any free iodine remaining in the spun down solution was determined using trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation. Gamma counts of both the precipitate and supernatant were analyzed using Perkin Elmer 2470 automatic gamma counter. Amount of free iodine in hot IgG was found to be 5.6%.

Gupta P., Authimoolam S.P., Hilt J.Z, & Dziubla T.D. (2015). Quercetin conjugated Poly (β-Amino Esters) Nanogels for the Treatment of Cellular Oxidative Stress. Acta biomaterialia, 27, 194-204.

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Hormonal Biomarkers in Fasting Samples

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All participants underwent a fasting blood draw at baseline and week 52. Serum and EDTA-preserved plasma were processed and stored at −80°C. Ultra-high-sensitivity estradiol (Diagnostic System Laboratories, Webster, TX) and testosterone (MP Biomedicals, Irvine, CA) were quantified using a radioimmunoassay (Perkin Elmer 2470 Automatic Gamma Counter). SHBG (Alpco, Salem, NH) was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BioTek EPOCH Microplate Spectrophotometer). Baseline and week 52 samples were assayed simultaneously and in duplicate at the end of the study. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation for all samples were ≤10%.

Brown J.C., Sturgeon K., Sarwer D.B., Troxel A.B., DeMichele A.M., Denlinger C.S, & Schmitz K.H. (2022). The effects of exercise and diet on sex steroids in breast cancer survivors. Endocrine-related cancer, 29(8), 485-493.

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In Vivo Biodistribution of β2m Isoforms

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Groups of four mice (strain B6.129P2-B2m^tm1Unc/J) received intravenously 100 μg of protein either alone (D76N or wild type β₂m) or in a 1:1 complex with Nb24 respectively. Each dose contained trace amounts of the corresponding ¹²⁵I-labeled β₂m isoform. Plasma samples were collected at 30, 60 and 180 min for clearance studies. Gel filtration of plasma collected at 180 min was performed to assess the persistence of β₂m in the complex (Supplementary Information). After 180 min, mice were killed and organs collected. Radioactivity was counted with a Perkin Elmer 2470 Automatic gamma counter. Before total ¹²⁵I measurement all the organs were rinsed in PBS, blotted-dried and weighted. Data expressed as cpm/gr of blood or tissue represent mean ± SD of four mice per group. Animal studies were ethically reviewed and approved by the UCL Royal Free Campus Ethics and Welfare Committee and the UK Home Office, and complied fully with European Directive 86/609/EEC.

Raimondi S., Porcari R., Mangione P.P., Verona G., Marcoux J., Giorgetti S., Taylor G.W., Ellmerich S., Ballico M., Zanini S., Pardon E., Al-Shawi R., Simons J.P., Corazza A., Fogolari F., Leri M., Stefani M., Bucciantini M., Gillmore J.D., Hawkins P.N., Valli M., Stoppini M., Robinson C.V., Steyaert J., Esposito G, & Bellotti V. (2017). A specific nanobody prevents amyloidogenesis of D76N β2-microglobulin in vitro and modifies its tissue distribution in vivo. Scientific Reports, 7, 46711.

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Biodistribution Quantification Protocol

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For biodistribution experiments, organs were harvested, weighed, and radioactivity was counted (Wizard2 2470 automatic gamma scintillation counter, PerkinElmer, Groningen, The Netherlands). Total injected dose was determined by counting full and empty syringes in a gamma counter (2470 automatic gamma counter, Perkin‐Elmer), and data are represented as % injected dose per gram tissue (%ID/g), which was calculated as follows: ((([MBq]tissue/[MBq]injected) × 100)/g tissue).

van der Zande H.J., Gonzalez M.A., de Ruiter K., Wilbers R.H., García‐Tardón N., van Huizen M., van Noort K., Pelgrom L.R., Lambooij J.M., Zawistowska‐Deniziak A., Otto F., Ozir‐Fazalalikhan A., van Willigen D., Welling M., Poles J., van Leeuwen F., Hokke C.H., Schots A., Yazdanbakhsh M., Loke P, & Guigas B. (2021). The helminth glycoprotein omega‐1 improves metabolic homeostasis in obese mice through type 2 immunity‐independent inhibition of food intake. The FASEB Journal, 35(2), e21331.

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Radiolabeling of IGF2R-specific mAb

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The IGF2R-specific mAb 2G11 and the isotype matching control mAb MOPC-21 were labeled with the radioisotopes ¹¹¹In (¹¹¹In-2G11, ¹¹¹In-MOPC-21), ¹⁷⁷Lu (¹⁷⁷Lu-2G11, ¹⁷⁷Lu-MOPC-21) or ²¹³Bi (²¹³Bi-2G11). The radiolabeling of an antibody-CHXA” conjugate with ¹¹¹In was performed to achieve the specific activity of approximately 5 µCi/µg of the antibody. For example, 600 µCi of ¹¹¹In chloride was added to 10 µL 0.15 M ammonium acetate buffer and added to a microcentrifuge tube containing 120 µg 2G11-CHXA” conjugate in 0.15 M ammonium acetate buffer. The reaction mixture was incubated for 60 min at 37 °C, and then the reaction was quenched by the addition of 3 µL 0.05 M EDTA solution. The percentage of radiolabeling was measured by SG-iTLC using 0.15 M ammonium acetate buffer as the eluent. SG-iTLCs were cut in half and read on a Perkin Elmer 2470 Automatic Gamma Counter (top containing unlabeled ¹¹¹In, bottom containing antibody conjugated ¹¹¹In). ¹⁷⁷Lu labeling was performed with an identical protocol using ¹⁷⁷Lu as the radioisotope, and labeling with ²¹³Bi was carried out as in^{26 (link)}. ¹¹¹In, ¹⁷⁷Lu and ²¹³Bi incorporation was >95%.

Karkare S., Allen K.J., Jiao R., Malo M.E., Dawicki W., Helal M., Godson D.L., Dickinson R., MacDonald-Dickinson V., Yang R., Hoang B., Gorlick R., Geller D.S, & Dadachova E. (2019). Detection and targeting insulin growth factor receptor type 2 (IGF2R) in osteosarcoma PDX in mouse models and in canine osteosarcoma tumors. Scientific Reports, 9, 11476.

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Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Engineered T Cells

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The cytotoxicity and specificity of engineered T cells was evaluated in a standard 4–6 hr ⁵¹Cr-release assay, using E:T ratios of 40:1, 20:1, 10:1, and 5:1. Effector T cells were co-incubated in triplicate with target cells (293T, CAPAN-1, and CFPAC-1) labeled with ⁵¹Cr (Perkin Elmer, catalog no. NEZ030005MC) in a V-bottomed 96-well plate. At the end of the incubation period at 37°C and 5% CO₂, supernatants were harvested, and radioactivity counted using a Perkin Elmer 2470 Automatic Gamma Counter. The percentage of specific lysis was calculated as follows: % specific cytotoxicity = [experimental release (cpm) − spontaneous release (cpm)] / [maximum release (cpm) − spontaneous release (cpm)] × 100.

Bajgain P., Chavez A.G., Balasubramanian K., Fleckenstein L., Lulla P., Heslop H.E., Vera J, & Leen A.M. (2022). Secreted Fas decoys enhance the antitumor activity of engineered and bystander T cells in Fas ligand–expressing solid tumors. Cancer immunology research, 10(11), 1370-1385.

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Radioactive Iodide Uptake Assay

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Untransduced T-cells (UTD) or NIS⁺ CART19 cells (300,000 cells) were washed once by Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) modified with 10 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid) HEPES (STEMCELL Technologies, Vancouver, Canada). Cells were then re-suspended in HEPES/HBSS or HEPES/HBSS with 1 mM KClO₄ and incubated at 37°C, as indicated in the specific experiment. Radioactive substrate solutions were prepared immediately prior to each assay. Na¹²⁵I in 0.1 M NaOH (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA) was diluted in uptake buffer and was added to each tube [500,000 counts per minute (CPM) of ¹²⁵I in each sample]. Cells were then incubated at 37°C for 60 minutes prior to the assay. After incubation, samples were centrifuged, and the supernatant was aspirated. Cells were washed with cold HEPES/HBSS and centrifuged. Cells were then re-suspended in NaOH for quantification on a 2470 Automatic Gamma Counter (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA).

Sakemura R., Bansal A., Siegler E.L., Hefazi M., Yang N., Khadka R.H., Newsom A.N., Hansen M.J., Cox M.J., Roman C.M., Schick K.J., Can I., Tapper E.E., Nevala W.K., Adada M.M., Bezerra E.D., Kankeu Fonkoua L.A., Horvei P., Ruff M.W., Parikh S.A., Pandey M.K., DeGrado T.R., Suksanpaisan L., Kay N.E., Peng K.W., Russell S.J, & Kenderian S.S. (2021). Development of a Clinically Relevant Reporter for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Expansion, Trafficking, and Toxicity. Cancer immunology research, 9(9), 1035-1046.

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