N n dimethylacetamide dmac

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer (Kynar^® 760) pellets purchased from Arkema Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA, were used as the main membrane-forming material. The molecular weight (MW) of PVDF is 440.000 g/mol. Hydrophobic surface-modifying macromolecules (BSMM) with MW of 27,100 g/mol and hydrophilic surface-modifying macromolecules (LSMM) with MW of 4050 g/mol were used as additives and were obtained from the colleague from the University of Jordan (Amman, Jordan). N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) (Merck, >99%) was used as the solvent to dissolve PVDF and LSMM. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) with MW of 400 g/mol was purchased from Sigma Chemical. N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, AR Grade) from RCI Labscan Limited (Bangkok, Thailand) and Ethanol (99.9%) were used as solvents for coating agent solution. The distilled water was used as the internal coagulant, while tap water was used as an external coagulant.
Samplings for seawater samples were conducted in Pontian, Johor, Malaysia, and involved three sampling locations of Pontian seaside. Seawater samples were collected in triplicate from 1, 2, and 3 m away from the bay, as depicted in Figure 1. According to the variations of LSMM content, the 3 wt. % of LSMM was simulated using 1 m sample of seawater, while 4 and 5 wt. % of LSMM membranes were used 2 and 3 m of seawater samples, respectively.

A solvent-soluble polyimide (Matrimid 5218) was purchased from Huntsman Advanced Materials (Europe) BVBA Belgium. Iron (III) acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)₃), nitric acid (≥ 65%) (HNO₃), dopamine hydrochloride, hexaamineruthenium (III) chloride (RuHex), potassium ferricyanide (K₃[Fe(CN)₆]), and potassium ferrocyanide (K₄[Fe(CN)₆]) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Germany. N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and potassium nitrate (KNO₃) were purchased from Merck KGaA Darmstadt, Germany. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) was purchased from Carl Roth GmbH Karlsruhe, Germany. Silver paint was purchased from Busch GmbH & Co. KG Viernheim, Germany. Filter paper MN616 with 90 mm in diameter and 200 µm in thickness (Ref. 432,009) was purchased from Machery-Nagel Düren, Germany. Double-sided adhesive tape was purchased from tesa. Plastic sheets in A4-size were purchased from Exponent as Laser Films. Dropsens electrodes were purchased from Metrohm, Germany.

All cell lines were used within 6 months of purchase. H460 (wild type p53), H1299 (p53 null), Miapaca2 (mutations in k-ras and p53) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). PDA cell line (mutations in k-ras and p53) was a kind gift from Dr. Edgar G. Engleman of Stanford University. H1299 and H460 lung cancer cells were maintained in RPMI1640 with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). PDA cells were grown in DMEM with 10% FBS and 1% non-essential amino acids. Miapaca2 cells were maintained in DMEM with 10% FBS and 2.5% horse serum. All cell line media also contained 1% v/v penicillin-streptomycin (100 IU/mL, 100 mg/mL; Thermo Scientific Carlsbad, CA.). All cells were propagated at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere maintained at 5% CO2. PARP inhibitor, LT626 was a gift from BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. (San Rafael, CA). Synthesis of LT626 has been described previously by McPherson et al [26 (link)]. Solutol HS-15, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Methylene blue and MTT was purchased from Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, MO). N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) was purchased from EMD Millipore (Billerica, MA).