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Digital caliper

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Digital calipers are precision measuring instruments used to accurately measure the dimensions of various objects. They feature a digital display that provides highly accurate measurements, typically in both metric and imperial units. The core function of digital calipers is to provide precise and reliable measurements for a wide range of applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Schneider s drosophila medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) L glutamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Schneider s insect medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Buffered percoll, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Sz51 stereomicroscope, by Olympus (2 mentions) Nanozoomer slide scanner, by Hamamatsu Photonics (2 mentions) Ndp view2, by Hamamatsu Photonics (2 mentions) Ficoll, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Bouin s fixative solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions) B16f10 mouse melanoma, by American Type Culture Collection (1 mentions) Digital scale, by Tanita (1 mentions) Matrigel membrane matrix, by Corning (1 mentions) C57bl 6j b6 mice, by Jackson ImmunoResearch (1 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Nu nu nude mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions) Matrigel, by Corning (1 mentions) Trypan blue, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Balb c nude mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions) Balb c mice, by Jackson ImmunoResearch (1 mentions)

54 protocols using digital caliper

1

In vivo Antitumor Activity Assessment

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Antitumor activity of SU11274 was assessed in vivo in RU-P xenografts. Five million RU-P cells suspended in HBSS were injected subcutaneously into the hind flanks of mice to establish xenograft models. Tumors were allowed to grow for one week and then treated daily with 50 μg SU11274 or diluent (100 µL 2% DMSO) daily by intratumoral (IT) injection for 4 wk. Following treatment, tumor volume was measured weekly by a blinded observer with digital calipers (Fisher Scientific, 06-664-16). Antitumor activity of JNJ38877605 was assessed in vivo in RU-P xenografts as described above. Palpable tumors were treated orally with 20 mg/kg JNJ38877605 in 20% Captisol, 0.25% PVP in 0.1 N HCl (vehicle) or vehicle alone as control for three weeks. Following treatment, tumor volume was measured weekly by a blinded observer with digital calipers (Fisher Scientific). Tumor volume was calculated according to the formula: volume = (length × width2) / 2.
Etnyre D., Stone A.L., Fong J.T., Jacobs R.J., Uppada S.B., Botting G.M., Rajanna S., Moravec D.N., Shambannagari M.R., Crees Z., Girard J., Bertram C, & Puri N. (2014). Targeting c-Met in melanoma: Mechanism of resistance and efficacy of novel combinatorial inhibitor therapy. Cancer Biology & Therapy, 15(9), 1129-1141.
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2

Mouse Models of Lung Metastasis

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All animal care and experimental procedures were approved by the Vanderbilt University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Sex-, weight-, and age-matched 8- to 10-wk-old wild type C57BL/6 mice, IL-5-deficient mice (C57BL/6-Il5tm1Kopf/J, hereafter called IL-5KO) mice (9 (link)), c-kit mutant mice (B6.Cg-KitW-sh/HNihrJaeBsmGlliJ, hereafter called c-kitW-sh) (14 (link)) were used. For intravenous (IV) metastasis models, Lewis lung adenocarcinoma (LLC, 1.5×105), B16-F10 mouse melanoma (2.5×105) (American Type Culture Collection) or MC38 colon adenocarcinoma (0.5×105) cells (from Dr. D. Lee Gorden, Vanderbilt University) were injected into the tail vein (15 (link)). Mice were euthanized at Day 14 after injection of tumor cells. For flank tumor generation, LLC cells (2.5×105) were injected subcutaneously (SQ) and the primary tumor as well as lung metastases were assessed 28 days later. At the time of harvest, lungs were fixed in Bouin’s fixative solution (Sigma-Aldrich) for 24 hours and surface tumors were counted as previously described (16 (link)). Tumor diameters were determined using digital calipers (Fisher Scientific).
Zaynagetdinov R., Sherrill T.P., Gleaves L.A., McLoed A.G., Saxon J.A., Habermann A.C., Connelly L., Dulek D., Peebles RS J.r., Fingleton B., Yull F.E., Stathopoulos G.T, & Blackwell T.S. (2015). Interleukin-5 Facilitates Lung Metastasis by Modulating the Immune Microenvironment. Cancer research, 75(8), 1624-1634.
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3

Intradermal Infection of Mice with L. major

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L. major parasites (Friedlin) were grown to the stationary phase in Schneider’s Drosophila medium (Gibco) supplemented with 20% heat-inactivated FBS (Gibco) and 2 mM L-glutamine (Sigma) at 26°C. Metacyclic promastigotes were isolated from 4–5 day old stationary cultures by density gradients (14 (link)). Mice were infected with 2×106 metacyclic parasites injected intradermally into the ear. Lesion development was monitored weekly by taking measurements of ear thickness with digital calipers (Fisher Scientific). Parasite burden in lesion tissues was assessed using a limiting dilution assay as previously described (15 (link)). For viral infections, mice were infected with 2×105 PFU of LCMV Armstrong strain by i.p. injection.
Crosby E.J., Clark M., Novais F.O., Wherry E.J, & Scott P. (2015). Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus expands a population of NKG2D+CD8+ T cells that exacerbate disease in mice co-infected with Leishmania major. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 195(7), 3301-3310.
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4

Anthropometric Measurements in Mice

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Weight was measured every-other-day using a digital scale (Tanita Corp., Arlingtron Heights, IL). Length measurements were performed every 4 days under sedation with isoflurane using a vaporizer (LEI Medical, Portland, OR) and digital calipers (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA)[15 (link)]. All measurements were performed twice; a third measurement was performed if these measures were greater than 5% different from each other; the average of these measurements was then used. All length measurements were performed by a single investigator (MDD). Nose-anus measurements were made with the animal supine with gentle pressure to extend the neck, measuring from the furthest point on the animal’s nose to the furthest point on the anus. Length measurements were performed with the investigator blinded to the treatment group for the first group of mice (N=10 at baseline for each group). Blinding was not possible for subsequent sets of animals (N=10 for each group). However, measurements were compared between experiments and were not significantly different between sets within each group; therefore, data were combined for anthropometry measurements for each set of experiments.
DeBoer M.D., Vijayakumar V., Gong M., Fowlkes J.L., Smith R.M., Ruiz-Perez F, & Nataro J.P. (2017). Mice with infectious colitis exhibit linear growth failure and subsequent catch-up growth related to systemic inflammation and IGF-1. Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.), 39, 34-42.
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5

Leishmania and Listeria Infection Protocols

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L. major parasites (Friedlin) or L. major expressing ovalbumin (L. major-OVA) were grown to the stationary phase in Schneider's Drosophila medium (Gibco) supplemented with 20% heat-inactivated FBS (Gibco) and 2 mM L-glutamine (Sigma) at 26°C [76] (link). Metacyclic promastigotes were isolated from 4–5 day old stationary cultures by density gradients [77] (link). Mice were infected with 2×106 metacyclic parasites injected intradermally into the ear. Lesion development was monitored weekly by taking measurements of ear thickness with digital calipers (Fisher Scientific). Parasite burden in lesion tissues was assessed using a limiting dilution assay as previously described [78] (link). For viral infections, mice were infected with 2×105 PFU of LCMV Armstrong strain by i.p. injection. For bacterial infections, mice were prime-boosted with an initial infection of 103Listeria monocytogenes expressing ovalbumin (Listeria-OVA) followed 30 days later by an additional boost infection of 5×104Listeria-OVA, both doses given intravenously.
Crosby E.J., Goldschmidt M.H., Wherry E.J, & Scott P. (2014). Engagement of NKG2D on Bystander Memory CD8 T Cells Promotes Increased Immunopathology following Leishmania major Infection. PLoS Pathogens, 10(2), e1003970.
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6

Urethane-induced Lung Tumor Formation

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Six-to-eight-week-old mice were given intraperitoneal injections of either 0.9% saline or urethane (1 mg/g body weight). Wild-type and Wnt7a-null mice in FVB/NJ strain received the standard single dose of urethane, whereas the wild-type and Wnt7a-null mice in C57Bl/6J strain received weekly injections of 1 mg/g body weight of urethane for 6 weeks. The control and experimental mice were weighed weekly to observe any changes in body weight until they were euthanized. The mice were euthanized and dissected after 20 weeks (FVB/NJ strains) or 40 weeks (C57Bl/6J strains) to assess the formation of lung tumors. Lung tumors were counted and measured using digital calipers (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
Bikkavilli R.K., Avasarala S., Van Scoyk M., Arcaroli J., Brzezinski C., Zhang W., Edwards M.G., Rathinam M.K., Zhou T., Tauler J., Borowicz S., Lussier Y.A., Parr B.A., Cool C.D, & Winn R.A. (2015). Wnt7a is a novel inducer of β-catenin-independent tumor-suppressive cellular senescence in lung cancer. Oncogene, 34(42), 5317-5328.
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7

Histological Analysis of Explanted Cardiac Devices

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After 24 hrs fixation in 3.7% paraformaldehyde, the two leaflets of each explanted device were separated, one half placed in a new solution of 3.7% paraformaldehyde and the other half placed in 10% formalin for histology. The leaflet stored in formalin was cut in half perpendicular to the wire frame and mounted in paraffin with the cut face of each half of the leaflet parallel to the histology cut surface. Sections were stained according to standard procedures with hemotoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome. The leaflets that remained stored in paraformaldehyde were measured using digital calipers (Fisher Scientific) for the thickness at both the original cut surface of the valve and at the opposite end. These thickness measurements were averaged for each leaflet. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post hoc was used to determine differences between treatment groups, with p<0.05 considered significant.
Glynn J.J., Jones C.M., Anderson D.E., Pavcnik D, & Hinds M.T. (2015). In vivo assessment of two endothelialization approaches on bioprosthetic valves for the treatment of chronic deep venous insufficiency. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials, 104(8), 1610-1621.
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8

Mouse Syngeneic and PDX Tumor Models

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All mouse experiments were performed according to the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the Animal Welfare Act and the National Institutes of Health guidelines for the care and use of animals in biomedical research. Male and female C57BL/6J (B6) mice and female BALB/c mice of 6–8 week of age were obtained from the Jackson Laboratories and housed under specific pathogen-free conditions in the Fred Hutch animal facility. Gender and age were matched for all the syngeneic mouse tumor model experiments. Briefly, 1–2 × 106 syngeneic tumor cells were mixed with 50 µl of Matrigel membrane matrix (Corning, 356234) and injected subcutaneously (s.c) in the right flank of B6 or BALB/c mice using a 27 or 30g needle. The tumors were measured twice per week using digital calipers (Fisher Scientific, 1464817) and sacrificed as soon as they reached a volume of 1000 mm3. In addition to syngeneic murine tumor models, we also obtained tumor samples from breast and colon PDX repositories and from a patient undergoing liver resection at the University of Washington Medical Center (UWMC) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The liver tissues were kindly provided by Dr. Yeung (UWMC) for our studies through an IRB-approved biorepository.
Sivakumar R., Chan M., Shin J.S., Nishida-Aoki N., Kenerson H.L., Elemento O., Beltran H., Yeung R, & Gujral T.S. (2019). Organotypic tumor slice cultures provide a versatile platform for immuno-oncology and drug discovery. Oncoimmunology, 8(12), e1670019.
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9

Urethane-Induced Lung Tumor Formation

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Tumors were initiated in tamoxifen treated PRMT6Tg; Sftpc-Cretm mice and PRMT6Tg mice via four weekly intraperitoneal injections (IP) of either 0.9% saline or Urethane 1 g/Kg body weight. The mice were euthanized and dissected after 20 weeks to assess the formation of lung tumors. Lung tumors were counted and measured using a digital calipers (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
Avasarala S., Wu P.Y., Khan S.Q., Yanlin S., Van Scoyk M., Bao J., Di Lorenzo A., David O., Bedford M.T., Gupta V., Winn R.A, & Bikkavilli R.K. (2019). PRMT6 promotes lung tumor progression via the alternate activation of tumor-associated macrophages. Molecular cancer research : MCR, 18(1), 166-178.
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10

Leishmania and LCMV Infection Models in Mice

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L. braziliensis parasites (strain MHOM/BR/01/BA788) and L. major parasites (Friedlin) were grown in Schneider’s insect medium (GIBCO) supplemented with 20% heat-inactivated FBS, 2 mM glutamine, 100 U/ml penicillin, and 100 μg/ml streptomycin. Metacyclic enriched promastigotes were used for infection [74 (link)]. Mice were infected with either 105L. braziliensis or 2x106L. major in the left ear, and the course of lesion progression was monitored weekly by measuring the diameter of ear induration with digital calipers (Fisher Scientific). For LCMV infections, mice were infected with 2×105 PFU of LCMV Armstrong strain by i.p. injection.
Novais F.O., Carvalho A.M., Clark M.L., Carvalho L.P., Beiting D.P., Brodsky I.E., Carvalho E.M, & Scott P. (2017). CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity mediates pathology in the skin by inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. PLoS Pathogens, 13(2), e1006196.
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