Aconitine was obtained from Guokang Bio-Pharmaceutical (Baoji, China), and benzolyaconine and aconine were purchased from Nanjing Zelang Bio-Pharmaceutical (Nanjing, China). Their molecular masses were confirmed by in-house mass spectroscopy, and their purity was greater than 98% as determined by the manufacturers using high-performance liquid chromatography. Nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) and minocycline were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, U.K.) and Yuanye Biotech (Shanghai, China), respectively. The rabbit polyclonal antibody neutralizing dynorphin A was purchased from Phoenix Pharmaceuticals (Burlingame, CA, USA). Based on the manufacturer’s information, the dynorphin A antiserum was specific to dynorphin A (100%), but not to dynorphin B (0%), β-endorphin (0%), α–neo-endorphin (0%), or leu-enkephalin (0%). Its specificity was also validated by the antigen absorption test by other laboratories (Wakabayashi et al., 2010 (link); Yamada et al., 2013 (link)).
Minocycline
Manufactured by Abcam
Sourced in United Kingdom
Minocycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic used in research applications. It is a semisynthetic derivative of the naturally occurring tetracycline antibiotics and has a similar mechanism of action, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
2 protocols using minocycline
1
Validation of Dynorphin A Antibody Specificity
2
Neurotransmitter modulation in cellular experiments
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DCG-IV (10 μM), 3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) (50 μM), and L-AP4 (200 μM) were puffed onto cells. LY341495 was both bath-applied (0.25–1 μM) and injected intraperitoneally (1–4 mg/kg) into mice for in vivo experiments. All other drugs were bath-applied: NBQX (10 μM), D-AP5 (50 μM), CGP55845 (1 μM), CGS15943 (0.5 μM), TBOA (100 μM), NASPM (50 μM), SR95531 (2–5 μM), minocycline (50 nM), Zn2+ (a free concentration of 300 nM was obtained by adding 60 μM Zn2+ and 10 mM tricine; Vergnano et al., 2014 (link)), Ro25-6981 (1 μM), and CIQ (20 μM). NBQX, APV, SR95531, and minocycline were from Abcam (UK). DCG-IV, DHPG, CGP55845, CGS15943, TBOA, NASPM, L-AP4, and LY341495 were from Tocris Bioscience (UK). All other drugs were from Sigma-Aldrich (France). Ro25-6981 was a kind gift from P. Paoletti (IBENS, Paris).
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