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7 protocols using mcpba

1

Fatty Acid Profiling of Edible Oils

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Acetonitrile (ACN), dichloromethane (DCM) and water were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA). Fatty acid standards, oil samples including coconut, olive, corn and peanut oil, formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), m-CPBA, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDCI), hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), N-methylmorpholine (NMM), potassium hydroxide (KOH), ethanol and dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Sep-Pak C18 1 cc Vac Cartridges were purchased from Waters Corporation (Milford, MA). SUGAR tags were synthesized in-house. All reagents were used without additional purification.
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2

Epoxy-SBS Nanocomposite Synthesis

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The Lapox L12, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) epoxy resin (with an average epoxy equivalent weight of 182–192 gm/eq), Lapox-K5, and 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) were supplied by Atul Ltd. Pala, Kottayam, Kerala, India. The SBS (poly(styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) tri block linear copolymer (with a weight average molecular weight of <150,000 gmol−1 and the styrene weight percentage of 29.5%) was supplied by Kraton-D1102 AS, Mumbai, India. MCPBA (metachloroperbenzoic acid) and THF (Tetrahydrofuran −99%) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich, India.
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3

Synthesizing Poly(epoxide-valerolactone) Nanoparticles

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Poly(α-allyl-valerolactone, valerolactone) containing 4% allyl groups was epoxidized with meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mcpba, 1.2 eq per alkene, Sigma) in CH2Cl2 (0.065 M alkene) for 48 hours and washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate (15 ). The resulting polymer was dried under reduced pressure. 2,2′-ethylenedioxy-bis(ethylamine) (7.5 μL, 0.51 mmol, Sigma) was added to a solution of poly(epoxide-valerolactone, valerolactone) (0.173 g, Mn = 3,644 Da) dissolved in CH2Cl2 (21.1 mL). The reaction mixture refluxed for 12 hours at 46° C. Residual bisamine was removed by dialyzing with Snakeskin Pleated Dialysis Tubing (MWCO = 10,000) against CH2Cl2 to yield nanoparticles (NP).
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4

Butyl Rubber Modification with MCPBA

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Example 1

To a preheated mill (30° C. or 50° C.) was added butyl rubber. Once the elastomer had banded, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA, <77% pure, purchased from Sigma Aldrich) was slowly added as a powder. The material was refined by 6×% cuts and 6× end-wise passes. The well dispersed material was allowed to mill for an additional time as specified in Table 1. The material was then removed from the mill and epoxy mol % determined by 1H NMR. RB301, RB40 and RB402 are regular butyl rubbers. BB2030 and BB4010 are bromobutyl rubbers. CB1240 is a chlorobutyl rubber.

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5

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrophilic Nitroxides

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H2TSMP, H2TMP, and H2TDClP were purchased from Frontier Scientific and used without further purification. Ferrous ammonium sulfate, Dowex AG-50W X8 ion-exchange resin (Na form), Sephadex LH-20 size exclusion gel, anhydrous sodium phosphate monobasic, acetic acid, perchloric acid, potassium hydroxide, TEMPO, and methanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. mCPBA was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and was purified by washing with pH 7.0 phosphate buffer (100 mM) to remove mCBA. D2O and methanol-d4 were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc. Water was distilled and deionized (Millipore, Milli-Q). Buffer solutions were prepared from a stock solution of 100 mM sodium phosphate/acetic acid and were corrected using concentrated KOH or perchloric acid solutions. pH values of the ACN/buffer mixtures were determined using the method of Bosch and co-workers.40 (link) pH was measured using a sympHony meter that had been calibrated prior to use (pH 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0).
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6

Bipyridine Synthesis and Characterization

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tert-Butylamine was purchased from Acros Organics. 2,2′-Bipyridine, mCPBA, 6-bromo-2,2′-Bipyridine, (S)-BINAP, iron powder, PhCF3, and KOtBu
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. p-Toluenesulfonic
acid anhydride was purchased from VWR. Pd(dba)2, TFA, and
MTBE were purchased from Fisher Scientific. All chemicals were used
as received without further purification. The concentration of mCPBA
was determined via titration with sodium thiosulfate before use. (S)-BINAP, iron powder, PhCF3, and KOtBu were stored under argon.
2,2′-Bipyridine mono-N-oxide, 6-amino-2,2′-Bipyridine, and N,N-bis(2,2′-bipyrid-6-yl)amine were synthesized according to
literature procedures.63 (link)−65 (link) Solvents were degassed according to standard freeze–pump–thaw
protocols.
UV–vis spectra were recorded on a Varian Cary
50 Scan spectrophotometer.
Mass spectra were measured on a Thermo Scientific MSQ Plus ESI spectrometer.
Elemental analyses were performed by Mikroanalytisches Laboratorium
Kolbe in Germany.
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7

Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles

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All the materials were used without any further purification. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate (>98%; PMA) was purchased from TCI Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. Glycidyl methacrylate (≥98%; GMA) and poly(ethyleneglycol)methylether 4-cyano 4[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl] pentanoate (PEGmacro-CTA; Mn = 10 kDa) were purchased from Sigma. We measured Mp = 8300 g mol−1 by SEC see Fig. 2 and Mn = 9.8 kg mol−1 by NMR. 6-Aminofluorescein (≥95%; 6-AF), 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (≥78%; mCPBA) and 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (≥98%; AIBN) were purchased from Sigma. Human LDL (Sigma-Aldrich) and Oil Red O solution (0.5% in isopropanol, Sigma-Aldrich) were purchased from Sigma. Hoechst 33342 Solution (20 mM) (Thermo Scientific™), ProLong® Gold mount media (Thermo Fisher Scientific), Nunc™ MicroWell™ 96-Well Microplates – Thermo Fisher Scientific, Total Antioxidant Capacity Assay Kit (Sigma-Aldrich), Cell Counting Kit – 8 (Sigma-Aldrich), Dulbecco's Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) (Cell culture grade, Sigma-Aldrich), DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium) (Sigma-Aldrich), chloroform-d 99.8 atom % D (≥99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich), dichloromethane ≥99.8% stabilized.
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