Nod shijcl

Nine-week-old female NOD/ShiJcl and 7-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were purchased from CLEA Japan, Inc. and Charles River Laboratories, respectively. Mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal administration of a mixture of medetomidine hydrochloride (0.3 mg/kg), midazolam (4 mg/kg), and butorphanol (5 mg/kg). All experiments adhered to the guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals of Osaka University.

For assessment of diabetes, female NOD/ShiLtJ mice obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME) were used. For evaluation of insulitis and for adoptive transfer study, NOD/ShiJcl and NOD-SCID mice obtained from CLEA Japan Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) were used. All the mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions, housed in autoclaved cages, and provided with autoclaved food and water. The studies conducted at The Jackson Laboratory were performed according to an IACUC-approved protocol and in compliance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The experiments conducted at Tokyo Women's Medical University were performed according to a protocol approved by internal and external committees and were in compliance with the prescribed guidelines.

Mouse strains employed to establish ESCs s were purchased from the following companies: 129^+Ter/SvJcl, NOD/ShiJcl and FVB/NJcl (all from CLEA Japan), C57BL/6J and BALB/c (Charles River), and CBA/Ca (Harlan Laboratories).