3.0 t ge scanner

Imaging data were collected using a 3.0T GE scanner in the UESTC MR Research Center. Subjects were required to close their eyes, lie in the scanner, keep quiet and try not to move their heads. Resting-state functional images were acquired using a single shot, gradient-recalled echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence (TR = 2000 ms, TE = 30ms and flip angle = 90^°). Sixteen transverse slices (FOV: 24cm, in-plane matrix: 64 × 64, slice thickness: 4mm without gap), aligned along the anterior commissure–posterior commissure (AC–PC) line, were acquired. For each subject, a total of 255 volumes were acquired. The first 5 volumes were discarded to ensure steady-state longitudinal magnetization. Subsequently, for spatial normalization and localization, a set of T1-weighted anatomic images was acquired in axial orientation using a 3D spoiled gradient recalled (SPGR) sequence (TR = 6.008ms, TE = 1.984ms, flip angle = 9°, matrix size = 256 × 256 × 156).

During the task in the scanner, brain images were acquired on a 3.0 T GE scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with Twin Speed gradients using a GE 8-channel head coil. The scan used a gradient echo-planar imaging sequence. The imaging parameters were indicated as follows: TR = 3000 millisecond (ms), echo time (TE) = 70 ms, flip angle = 90 degrees, field of view (FOV) = 240 × 240 mm², matrix = 128 × 100, single-shot, and in-plane voxel size = 2 × 2 × 2 mm, slice thickness = 4.0 mm, and gap = 1 mm. Each functional volume contained 27 slices. The slice order was interleaved (odd slices first, even slices afterward).

Each subject participated in two identical fMRI scanning sessions at the beginning and the end of the study. fMRI data were acquired on a 3.0-T GE scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with an eight-channel phased-array head coil. Subjects were asked to stay awake and remain motionless during the scan with their eyes closed and ears plugged. Prior to the functional run, magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) T1-weighted images were collected with the following parameters: flip angle = 15°, 1 mm slice thickness, 240 mm field of view (FOV), and 164 images (slices) in acquisition. Resting-state fMRI, data were acquired with TR = 2100 ms, TE = 30 ms, flip angle = 90°, slice thickness = 3 mm, gap = 0.6 mm, acquisition matrix = 64 × 64, voxel size = 3.125 mm × 3.125 mm × 3.6 mm, 42 axial slices, FOV = 200 mm × 200 mm, phases/location = 160. Each scan lasted 5 min 36 s.

All scans were acquired on a 3.0 T GE scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with an eight channel high resolution head coil situated at the Hospital Universitario de Canarias in Tenerife, Spain. Structural MRI were 3-D T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR) scans, acquired sagitally with the following parameters: repetition time (TR) = 8.73 ms, echo time (TE) = 1.74 ms, inversion time (TI) = 650 ms, field of view 250 × 250 mm, matrix 250 × 250 mm, flip angle 12°, slice thickness = 1 mm and voxel resolution = 1 × 1 × 1 mm³. Six minutes of resting-state functional MRI were collected using single-shot gradient recalled echo-planar T2^*-weighted imaging with the following parameters: TR = 2,000 ms, 180 time-points, TE = 22.1 ms, field of view = 240 × 240 mm, flip angle = 90°, matrix = 64 × 64, slice thickness = 4 mm, voxel dimensions 3.75 × 3.75 × 4 mm³ and 36 slices on AC-PC orientation. Participants were instructed to relax with their eyes closed while staying awake and head padding were provided to prevent head motion during scanning.

Neonatal cerebral MRI was performed at term equivalent age with a 3.0 T GE scanner (GE Medical Systems), using an eight‐channel receive‐only head coil. All infants were scanned during natural sleep using a vacuum mattress. Ear plugs and miniMuffs were applied for noise protection. During the scanning, oxygen saturation was monitored, and a neonatologist and a neonatal nurse were present.
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was acquired using a pulsed gradient spin echo planar imaging sequence with TE/TR: 77/9,000 ms, field of view = 18 cm, matrix = 128 × 128, slice thickness = 3 mm. For each infant, 21 noncollinear gradient encoding directions with b = 700 s/mm² and four interleaved b = 0 images were acquired. The DTI data (n = 58) used in our study are part of a previously reported data set (n = 140; Natalucci et al., 2016).

Functional and anatomical data were acquired with a 3.0 T GE scanner (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI) using an 8-channel coil. Functional image acquisition used a T2*-weighted gradient-echo, echo-planar imaging (EPI) pulse sequence (40 sagittal slices, 4 mm thickness, 0 mm interslice gap; 64 × 64 matrix, 240 mm field of view (FOV); 2000 ms repetition time (TR); 25 ms echo time (TE); 60° flip angle; 295 image volumes per run). Immediately following acquisition of functional images, high-resolution 3D T1-weighted inversion recovery fast gradient echo anatomical images were collected in 160 contiguous 1.0-mm axial slices (TE = 3.2 ms; TR = 8.2 ms; flip angle = 12°; FOV = 256 × 256 mm; 256 × 256 data acquisition matrix, inversion time TI = 450 ms). Lastly, diffusion tensor imaging was acquired using a spin-echo, single-shot, echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence with diffusion-weighting in 70 non-collinear encoding directions with a diffusion weighting of 1800 s/mm² and six non-diffusion weighted (b = 0) reference images. Sixty-four axial slices were acquired covering the cerebrum (TR = 7500 ms; TE = 72.7 ms; FOV = 230 mm matrix size 100 × 100; 2 mm × 2 mm × 2.3 mm voxels). In order to minimize magnetic field inhomogeneity and EPI distortions, high order shimming was performed and field map images were acquired prior to the DTI acquisition.