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4 protocols using ab231289

1

Western Blot Analysis of Apoptosis Markers

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The procedures of Western blot were adopted from a previous study [33 (link)]. RIPA lysate was utilized for extracting total proteins from cells. Cells suspended in RIPA buffer were lyzed on ice for 10 mins and lysed cells were centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 10 mins. The supernatant containing total protein lysate was quantified by a BCA Protein assay kit (Beyotime Biotechnology P0009; Shanghai, China). Aliquots of proteins (30 µg) were seperated through 10% SDS-PAGE, followed by the transfer of proteins onto PVDF membranes. After blocking with 5% skimmed milk for 1 hour, the membrane was then incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4°C.: B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) (1:500; ab196495, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), BCL2-associated x protein (Bax) (1:1000; ab32053, Abcam), Cleaved caspase 3 (1:1000; ab231289, Abcam), MAPK1 (1:800; ab265600, Abcam) and β-actin (1:5000; ab179467, Abcam). The membrane was washed 3 times with TBST for 5 minutes each. After wash, the membrane was further incubated with goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L (Abcam; ab96899, 1:5000) for additional 1 h under ambient temperature. Enhanced chemiluminescence ECL reagent (Pierce, IL, USA) was employed to visualize protein bands. The protein bands image was captured using Gel Doc 100 system and the Quantity One® imaging software (Bio-Rad, CA, USA).
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2

Protein Expression Analysis in bEnd.3 Cells

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bEnd.3 cells were disrupted using Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay (RIPA) lysis buffer (Beyotime) plus 1% protease inhibitor (Invitrogen). Protein concentration was assessed using BCA protein assay kit (Invitrogen). 20 μg protein samples were loaded onto sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gel and then electro-transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA), which was blocked with 5% skim milk for 1 h. After that, the membrane was incubated with primary antibodies, including anti-B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (anti-Bcl-2; ab59348; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-Bcl-2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (anti-Bax; ab182733; Abcam), anti-Cleaved caspase 3 (anti-Cleaved-cas3; ab231289; Abcam), anti-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (anti-eNOs, ab199956; Abcam), anti-EPHA4 (E6900; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) and anti-GAPDH (ab8245; Abcam). After washing three times, horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled secondary antibody (Abcam) was incubated with the membrane for 2 h. Protein signal was measured by the enhanced chemiluminescent visualization (ECL) system (Pierce, Rockford, IL, USA).
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Western Blot Analysis of Neuronal Proteins

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Protein samples were obtained from lysates of primary rat cortical neurons and mouse brain tissue samples using RIPA lysis buffer (Beyotechnology, Shanghai, China). To measure protein expression levels, these samples were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and were then transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (Millipore, USA). After blocking with 5% non-fat milk at 4°C for 1 h, the membranes were incubated with anti-cleaved caspase-3 (1:1000, ab231289, Abcam, UK), anti-COX-2 (1:1000, ab179800, Abcam, UK), anti-SOX8 (1:1000, ab226983, Abcam, UK), antiβ-catenin (1:1000, ab68183, Abcam, UK), anti-lamin B1 (1: 1000, ab16048, Abcam, UK), and GAPDH (1:1000, ab8245, Abcam, UK) at 4°C overnight, followed by incubation with the appropriate secondary antibody at room temperature for 1 h. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase was used as the endogenous control. Protein blots were visualized using an ECL chemiluminescence kit (Beyotechnology, Shanghai, China).
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4

Exosome Protein Extraction and Western Blot

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RIPA lysis buffer (Lab-bio, China) added with the PMSF (Yuanye, China) were injected into the OC cells and exosomes. After ice bath for 30 min, the lysates were centrifuged at 12000×g and 4℃ for 8 min. The concentration and quality of the extracted protein was determined by spectrophotometry method. Then 15 μg of the protein was added to the loading well of 12% prefabricated gel and the electrophoresis was conducted. After that, the separated proteins in the gel were transferred to the nitrocellulose (NC) membrane (Millipore, USA). The NC membrane was soaked in the blocking buffer (1% BSA diluted by TBST) for 1 h. Then the NC membrane was immersed in different primary antibodies at 4℃ for overnight. After rinsing with TBST, the NC membrane was immersed in the secondary antibody solution for another 1 h. In the end, ECL solution (Invitrogen, USA) was dropped onto the membrane, and then development was performed with Bio-Rad gel imaging system (USA). Antibodies used in this research were all purchased from Abcam (UK), including anti-TSG101 (ab228013, 1:2000), anti-CD63 (ab321975, 1:1000), anti-GRP94 (ab3674, 1:3000), anti-Bax (ab263897, 1:2500), anti-Bcl2 (ab194583, 1:1500), anti-Cleaved Caspase-3 (ab231289, 1:800), anti-Cleaved Caspase-9 (ab2324, 1:800), anti-MMP2 (ab181286, 1:1000), anti-MMP9 (ab283575, 1:1500), goat anti-rabbit IgG (ab97051, 1:40000).
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