Cells were implanted on the dentin side of the disc. After attachment, the enamel-dentin disc was overturned in the medium to expose the enamel surface above the liquid level with a 1 mm gap; the enamel surface was surrounded by a light cured resin barriers (Opalescence PF; Ultradent Products, South Jordan, Utah [UT], US) to prevent the bleach from spilling into the medium (Fig. S1 ). After that, approximately 0.5 mL of thickened bleaching gel was daubed on the enamel surface at 37 °C. We tested two concentrations of bleaching gel, 40% H2O2 and 15% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence Boost and Opalescence PF, respectively; Ultradent Products, South Jordan, Utah [UT], US)6 (link). Five groups were created: G1, untreated DPSCs; G2, 15% bleaching gel for 90 min; G3, 15% bleaching gel and 1 μM HC030031 (TRPA1 inhibitor, ApexBio; ApexBio, Houston, Texas [TX], US) for 90 min; G4, 40% bleaching gel for three 15-min periods in a row; and G5, 40% bleaching gel and 1 μM HC030031 for three 15-min periods in a row. As a small molecule drug that inhibits TRPA1, HC030031 can be used as a tool to study the role of TRPA1 channels in pain23 (link). In the inhibition group, HC030031 was dissolved in the culture medium to directly inhibit TRPA1.
Opalescence pf
Manufactured by Ultradent
Sourced in United States
Opalescence PF is a professional-strength, take-home whitening gel designed for use with custom-fitted whitening trays. It contains varying concentrations of carbamide peroxide to effectively whiten teeth.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using opalescence pf
1
Dental Pulp Stem Cell Response to Bleaching
2
Customized Home Teeth Whitening Protocol
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Two custom trays were prepared for each participant using soft vinyl sheets, 0.8 mm (Sof-Tray Classic, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA) and trimmed 1 mm beyond the gingival margins. The first custom tray was made for at-home bleaching procedure, whilst the second one was provided with holes in the middle of the buccal surface of the anterior teeth for spectrophotometer measurements in subsequent follow-up sessions [6 (link), 25 (link)–28 (link)]. Each patient was provided with a kit containing: (1) bleaching tray, (2) the bleaching gel syringe (Opalescence® PF™, Ultradent Products Inc. USA—20% carbamide peroxide), (3) coded container containing either bioactive glass paste (Sensodyne Repair & Protect contains BAG 45S5: 5.0% w/w active ingredient) or non-active placebo paste and (4) oral hygiene kit including toothbrush and non-whitening paste in order to standardize daily oral hygiene protocol for all subjects.
All participants received a practical demonstration and a leaflet with instructions regarding the application of the bleaching gel and the experimental paste. They were asked to apply the bleaching gel for 4 h using the bleaching tray followed by rinsing the teeth and the tray to end with the application of the experimental paste in the same bleaching tray for 30 min daily for 7 days [24 (link)].
All participants received a practical demonstration and a leaflet with instructions regarding the application of the bleaching gel and the experimental paste. They were asked to apply the bleaching gel for 4 h using the bleaching tray followed by rinsing the teeth and the tray to end with the application of the experimental paste in the same bleaching tray for 30 min daily for 7 days [24 (link)].
3
Home Bleaching and Coffee Staining Protocol
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To simulate the home bleaching treatment, the specimens were bleached with 16% CP (Opalescence PF; Ultradent Products, Inc., South Jordan, UT), according to the manufacturer’s instructions, for 14 days. The bleaching gel was applied to each specimen surface in a 2-mm layer, using a dispenser tip for 4 h daily at 37 °C. The bleaching gel was removed from the specimen surface using cotton, after which the specimen was washed with distilled water. Between bleaching sessions, the specimens were maintained at 37 °C in artificial saliva,[20 (link)] changed daily. After the specimen surface was covered with bleaching gel, the specimen was placed in a silicon mold filled with distilled water to prevent dehydration. After the bleaching treatment was completed, the specimens were stored in artificial saliva for 24 h and then immersed for 24 h in a coffee solution prepared with 18 g of coffee (Nescafe 3 in 1; Karacabey, Bursa, Turkey) in 200 mL of boiling distilled water. The specimens were then washed in distilled water.
4
Bleaching effect on dental stem cells
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DPSCs were seeded onto the dentin surface of the disc and added to 24-well plates for 24 h in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS. Subsequently, the culture medium was replaced with DMEM without FBS. Next, the enamel/dentin specimen was inverted in wells with the enamel surface exposed above the liquid level; further, the whole enamel surface was exposed to the bleaching gel at 37°C. This study tested two H2O2 concentrations, including a 40% and 15% H2O2 gel (Opalescence PF; Ultradent Products, UT, USA) [23 (link)]. Approximately 0.5 mm thickened gel was spread on the enamel surface [8 (link)]. The following groups were used: G1—untreated DPSCs, the negative control group; G2—DPSCs treated with 1 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) for 2 h; G3—DPSCs treated for 90 min with 15% H2O2 gel; G4—DPSCs treated for 90 min with 15% H2O2 gel after pretreatment with 1 mM NAC for 2 h; G5—DPSCs treated for 30 min with 40% H2O2 gel; and G6—DPSCs treated for 30 min with 40% H2O2 gel after pretreatment with 1 mM NAC for 2 h [24 (link), 25 (link)]. Immediately after the bleaching process ended, the disc was re-inverted, followed by cell analysis.
5
Enamel Bleaching: Surface Characterization
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Hardness, calcium/phosphate (Ca/P) ratio, surface roughness, and surface micromorphology were carried out before and after bleaching treatment. The 0.016 mL of 10% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence PF; Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA) containing 0.25% of fluorine was applied on enamel surface (approximately 1 mm of thickness) using a micropipette (Eppendorf AG, Hamburg, Germany) for 6 hours/day during 21 days at 37°C and 100% relative humidity. After bleaching session, specimens were stored for 18 hours in distilled water (pH 7) until next session. The pH of bleaching gel (pH 6.87) was measured using a digital pH meter (Equilam, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil).
6
Evaluation of Whitening Toothpaste Efficacy
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Group 1 (G1); the control group, was kept in a saline solution, changed daily. Group 2 (G2); was brushed with distilled water. Group 3 (G3); was brushed with a slurry of distilled water and whitening toothpaste. Group 4 (G4) at-home bleaching agent, 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) (pH 6.5; Opalescence PF, Ultradent Products, Inc., Utah, USA). A 1.0 mm thick layer of CP gel was applied onto the surface and kept for 6 h/day, based on the manufacturer's instruction. During the testing period, specimens were returned and kept in an incubator at 37 °C for a total treatment of seven days. After each treatment, specimens were rinsed with running distilled water for 1 min. to remove the whitening systems' residue, blot dried, and stored in an incubator, followed by color measurements performed immediately afterward.
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