The area of mesometrial/endometrial vascularization of both uterine horns was evaluated by Power-doppler ultrasonography in all ovulated females using a 5.0 MHz lineal array transducer coupled to a ultrasound monitor (Sonosite M-Turbo, USA) before mating (Day 0 = Day of mating) and on days 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 between 08:00 a.m. and 12:00 p.m. as described previously (11 (link), 16 (link), 17 (link)). In brief, the transducer was placed over a cross section of the middle segment of each uterine horn where a 10 s video-clip was registered. The area of mesometrial/endometrial vascularization was objectively assessed by off-line measurements of the number of colored pixels as an indicator of blood flow area. Three still images of each horn were selected by a blind procedure, and then used for the determination of the number of colored pixels, and the average was used for the statistical analyses. Power Doppler images were selected based on two criteria: (a) proper cross section of the uterine horn and, (b) absence or minimal presence of Power-doppler noise interference. Then, images were recorded, edited, and analyzed using the ImageJ software (NIH open access, USA). A female was considered pregnant when the gestational sac and the embryo proper were detected by ultrasonography.
M turbo
Manufactured by Fujifilm
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The M-Turbo is a high-performance film scanner from Fujifilm. It is designed to digitize film formats up to medium format, with a resolution of up to 6400 dpi. The M-Turbo features a rapid scanning speed and advanced image processing capabilities to produce high-quality digital files from film negatives and slides.
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50 protocols using m turbo
1
Uterine Vascularization Dynamics Across Estrous Cycle
2
Echocardiographic Assessment of Hemodynamics
3
Ultrasound-Derived Aortic Hemodynamics
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Left CCAs were visualized a centimeter proximal to the bulb using ultrasound (6–13 MHz, M-Turbo, Sonosite Inc, Bothell, WA, United States). Sequences of images (30 s, B-Mode, longitudinal views) were stored for off-line analysis in which beat-to-beat diameter waveforms were obtained using border detection software (Hemoydin4M software, Dinap s.r.l., Buenos Aires, Argentina). Then, aoBP waveform and values were obtained from the diameter data (Van Bortel et al., 2001 (link); Vermeersch et al., 2008 (link); Zócalo et al., 2013 (link)). CCA diameter waveforms were calibrated applying the method proposed by Vermeersch et al. that assumes an exponential arterial pressure-diameter relationship (Vermeersch et al., 2008 (link); Zócalo et al., 2013 (link)). To use this equation to calculate the BP waveform from a given diameter waveform, systolic and diastolic BP must be known at the same site as the arterial cross section (diameter). Assuming that (in supine position) DBP and MBP remain constant throughout large arteries, 1) invasive-derived bDBP and bMBP, and 2) bDBPosc and bMBP levels were used to calibrate CCA diameter waveforms. Specifically, CCA ultrasound-derived aoSBP and aoPP were obtained using four different calibration schemes that included bDBPosc in conjunction with: 1) bMBPosc, and bMBPcalc [2) bMBP0.33, 3) bMBP0.33HR, 4) bMBP0.412].
4
Comprehensive Vascular Assessment Protocol
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Left and right common, internal, and external carotid arteries, vertebral artery, common femoral artery, and left brachial artery were examined (B-Mode and Doppler ultrasound, 7–13 MHz, linear transducer, M-Turbo, SonoSite Inc., Bothell, WA, United States). Transverse and longitudinal arterial views were obtained to assess the presence of atherosclerotic plaques (defined as focal wall thickening at least 50% greater than the adjacent segment, focal thickening protruding ≥0.5 mm into the lumen, or an intima-media thickness ≥1.5 mm) (Zócalo and Bia, 2016 (link); Marin et al., 2020 (link)).
Left and right brachial and tibial systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were obtained (no fixed order) at 5 min intervals (Hem-4030, Omron Inc., IL, United States). At least five measurements were obtained from each recording site. The Ankle Brachial Index, an index of arterial permeability and central-peripheral blood pressure amplification, was calculated as tibial systolic blood pressure/baSBP (Zócalo and Bia, 2016 (link)). Right and left Ankle-Brachial Index values < 0.9 were used to define and rule out stenosis of at least 50% distal to common femoral artery (Zócalo and Bia, 2016 (link)). After applying the exclusion criteria related to exposure to CRFs, there were no subjects with Ankle-Brachial Index < 0.9 in the group of RIs.
Left and right brachial and tibial systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were obtained (no fixed order) at 5 min intervals (Hem-4030, Omron Inc., IL, United States). At least five measurements were obtained from each recording site. The Ankle Brachial Index, an index of arterial permeability and central-peripheral blood pressure amplification, was calculated as tibial systolic blood pressure/baSBP (Zócalo and Bia, 2016 (link)). Right and left Ankle-Brachial Index values < 0.9 were used to define and rule out stenosis of at least 50% distal to common femoral artery (Zócalo and Bia, 2016 (link)). After applying the exclusion criteria related to exposure to CRFs, there were no subjects with Ankle-Brachial Index < 0.9 in the group of RIs.
5
Placental Dimensions in Singleton Pregnancy
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A mobile ultrasound machine was used to acquire data; SONOSITE M-Turbo (made in USA). Curvilinear probe frequency of 3.5 – 5mHz with the participant lying in supine position on the examination couch, coupling gel was applied on the abdomen after exposing it. Placental thickness & diameter were measured & recorded in the data sheet.
It was done parallel to the length of the chorionic surface from upper to lower limit of the placenta. The placenta was measured by split screen method whereby the upper limit to midline was sited in one part of the screen; the other half of the screen was used to measure from the midline to the lower limit of the screen.
The placental thickness was measured perpendicularly at the level of the umbilical cord insertion from feto-placental surface to placenta-endometrial surface. Inclusion criteria were normal viable singleton pregnancy, at 28-41 weeks. Women who were not sure of their dates were not selected same as those with uterine masses or mothers with diabetes mellitus or sickle cell disease.
It was done parallel to the length of the chorionic surface from upper to lower limit of the placenta. The placenta was measured by split screen method whereby the upper limit to midline was sited in one part of the screen; the other half of the screen was used to measure from the midline to the lower limit of the screen.
The placental thickness was measured perpendicularly at the level of the umbilical cord insertion from feto-placental surface to placenta-endometrial surface. Inclusion criteria were normal viable singleton pregnancy, at 28-41 weeks. Women who were not sure of their dates were not selected same as those with uterine masses or mothers with diabetes mellitus or sickle cell disease.
6
Renal Ultrasound and CT Imaging of Dolphins
7
Diagnostic Ultrasound Measurements of Chest Wall
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A portable diagnostic ultrasound system (M-Turbo, ICTx, SonoSite, America) connected with a 6–13 MHz linear array transducer was used to assess DT, DTF and with a 3.0–5.5 MHz transducer was used to assess DM in patients, bilateral chest wall.
8
Finite Element Modeling of Arm Tissues
9
Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block
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Patients in group S received US-guided SAP block within 4–6 h of admission in the ICU after an informed consent. With patient in supine position, linear US probe (5–12 mHz Sonosite, M-Turbo; Sonosite Inc.) was placed longitudinally in the midaxillary line at the level of 4–5 ribs. The ribs were measured from supraclavicular fossa (rib 1), infraclavicular fossa (rib 2), and then gradually downwards and laterally towards the midaxillary line. An 18 G Tuohy needle was inserted in plane, in the midaxillary line. The needle was coursed through latissimus dorsi, the outer sheath of serratus anterior muscle (SAM), the SAM and the inner sheath of SAM [Figure 1 ].
Three ml of 0.9% normal saline was injected to identify the correct plane between the SAM and the intercostal muscles (ICMs). Once the needle tip was confirmed in the SAP, 25 ml 0.2% ropivacaine and 50 μg of clonidine was injected in SAP. The spread was observed in the SAP for a distance of 4-5 intercostal spaces in the posterior plane. Influenced by gravity in the supine position, the spread was more in the posterior plane. 20 G catheter was introduced to a distance of 5-6 cm in the SAP. All patients in group S received a continuous infusion of 0.1% ropivacaine at 8 ml/hr for 24 hrs. IV fentanyl at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg was ordered as rescue analgesia i.e., if pain on Visual Analogue Score (VAS) was more than 4 in group S.
Three ml of 0.9% normal saline was injected to identify the correct plane between the SAM and the intercostal muscles (ICMs). Once the needle tip was confirmed in the SAP, 25 ml 0.2% ropivacaine and 50 μg of clonidine was injected in SAP. The spread was observed in the SAP for a distance of 4-5 intercostal spaces in the posterior plane. Influenced by gravity in the supine position, the spread was more in the posterior plane. 20 G catheter was introduced to a distance of 5-6 cm in the SAP. All patients in group S received a continuous infusion of 0.1% ropivacaine at 8 ml/hr for 24 hrs. IV fentanyl at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg was ordered as rescue analgesia i.e., if pain on Visual Analogue Score (VAS) was more than 4 in group S.
10
Ultrasound-Guided Radial Artery Cannulation Techniques
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After patients entered the operating room, standard monitoring of pulse oximetry, non-invasive blood pressure measurements, and electrocardiography was applied. The cannulation practitioner selected the right or left arm for radial artery cannulation depending on surgery site, location of blood pressure cuff, and his/her preference. The modified Allen test was performed and a positive test result was considered with adequate collateral blood flow from the ulnar artery. The wrist was placed on a soft roll for mild dorsiflexion. At the level of the radial styloid process, the diameter and depth of the radial artery were measured using ultrasound equipment, and the mean of two consecutive measurements was used for analysis. The cannulation practitioner was blinded to the ultrasound images and measurement values. In this study, we used a Sonosite M-Turbo (Bothell, WA, USA) ultrasound machine with a linear transducer probe (HFL 38X/13-6 MHz).
Anesthesia was induced with 1% lidocaine, propofol, and rocuronium based on our routine protocol. When vital signs were stable, radial artery cannulation was performed using either the ultrasound-guided DNTP technique or the palpation method under aseptic conditions before endotracheal intubation.
Anesthesia was induced with 1% lidocaine, propofol, and rocuronium based on our routine protocol. When vital signs were stable, radial artery cannulation was performed using either the ultrasound-guided DNTP technique or the palpation method under aseptic conditions before endotracheal intubation.
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