Human il 34 quantikine elisa kit

Fasting venous blood samples were obtained to measure the levels of serum IL-34, NT-proBNP, hsCRP (high sensitivity C reactive protein), creatinine, and cystatin C, along with other routine biochemical indices. Once collected, the samples were immediately immersed in ice and centrifuged within 30 minutes at 2000 rpm for 20 min to obtain platelet-poor serum. All samples were stored at −80 °C before analysis.
1. Renal function
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by using a modified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation as follows: eGFR_MDRD = 30849*serum creatinine (μmol/L)–1.154*age–0.203 [*0.742 if women]. Preserved and impaired renal function were defined as eGFR_MDRD ≥60 mL/min per 1.73 m² and eGFR_MDRD <60 mL/min per 1.73 m², respectively.
2. Coronary artery disease
The diagnosis of CAD included involvement of at least one vessel, which was defined as >50% narrowing of the luminal diameter on coronary angiography, with or without angina pectoris. Coronary angiography (CAG) score was calculated by using the CAG Gensini score30 (link).
3. IL-34
Serum IL-34 was measured by using a ELISA (Human IL-34 Quantikine ELISA Kit, D3400, R&D Systems, USA) according to the manufacturer guidelines.

Serum levels of IL-34 were measured with fasting venous blood samples, together with NT-proBNP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), as well as other routine biochemical indices tested at the same time. Once the samples were collected, they were immediately kept on ice and treated within 30 min. To obtain serum, all samples were centrifuged for 20 min at 2000 rpm and stored at –80°C before doing the tests. Human IL-34 Quantikine ELISA Kit (D3400; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, United States) was used to measure the serum levels of IL-34 in obtained samples, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. A modified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation was used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The specific formula is as follows: eGFR_MDRD = 30849 × serum creatinine (μmol/L) - 1.154 × age - 0.203 [× 0.742 if women] (Levey et al., 2006 (link)).