Log In Sign up
The largest database of trusted experimental protocols

Dopac

Manufactured by Merck Group
Visit Supplier
Sourced in United States, Germany, Switzerland

DOPAC is a laboratory instrument used for the detection and quantification of 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), a metabolite of the neurotransmitter dopamine. The core function of DOPAC is to provide accurate and reliable measurements of DOPAC levels in various samples, including biological samples, to support research and clinical applications.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

5 hiaa, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Dopamine, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Deionized water, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Diethylenetriamine hardener, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Perchloric acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Dopamine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Polyethyleneimine, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Dopal, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) 3 4 dihydroxybenzylamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Dopet, by Merck Group (2 mentions) L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Luna omega 2.1 x 150 mm column, by Phenomenex (2 mentions) Lpg 3400rs pump, by Phenomenex (2 mentions) Sodium acetate, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Sucrose, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (2 mentions) Lc 18 db column, by Waters Corporation (2 mentions) Poly styrene sulfonic acid sodium salt, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) (17 citations)

37 protocols using dopac

1

Striatum and Cortex Dopamine Dynamics

Cited 1 time
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Animals were euthanized via decapitation at two different ages, postnatal day PN150 and following behavioral testing (~15 months or PN450, “Middle aged”), and the striatum and frontal/parietal cortex were dissected and frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then stored at −80 °C until utilized. Tissues were deproteinized by homogenization in 0.1 N perchloric acid containing 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis MO, USA) as an internal standard. Homogenates were sedimented at 26,000 × g for 10 min and supernatants were trace-enriched by alumina adsorption. DA and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were separated by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and quantitated by electrochemical detection (Seidler and Slotkin 1981 (link)), standardized against external standards containing 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine and known quantities of DA (Sigma) and DOPAC (Sigma); values were corrected for recovery of the internal standard. Transmitter utilization was then calculated by the DOPAC/DA ratio, so as to assess the proportion of DA released into the synapse (Slotkin, Wrench et al. 2009 (link)).
Hawkey A.B., Pippen E., Kenou B., Holloway Z., Slotkin T.A., Seidler F.J, & Levin E.D. (2022). Persistent Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Anomalies in Middle-Aged Rats after Maternal Diazinon Exposure. Toxicology, 472, 153189.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
2

Developmental Changes in Striatal Dopamine

Cited 1 time
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Animals were euthanized via decapitation at PN60, PN100 and PN150, and the striatum (all ages) and frontal/parietal cortex (PN100, PN150) were dissected and frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then stored at −80 °C until utilized. Tissues were deproteinized by homogenization in 0.1 N perchloric acid containing 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis MO, USA) as an internal standard. Homogenates were sedimented at 26,000 × g for 10 min and supernatants were trace-enriched by alumina adsorption. Dopamine and DOPAC were separated by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and quantitated by electrochemical detection (Seidler & Slotkin, 1981 (link)), standardized against external standards containing 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine and known quantities of dopamine (Sigma) and DOPAC (Sigma); values were corrected for recovery of the internal standard. Transmitter utilization was then calculated by the DOPAC/dopamine ratio, so as to assess the proportion of dopamine released into the synapse (Slotkin et al., 2009 (link)). In the frontal/parietal cortex, we simultaneously measured the level of another catecholamine neurotransmitter, norepinephrine.
Brown W.J, & Rockey D.D. (2000). Identification of an Antigen Localized to an Apparent Septum within Dividing Chlamydiae. Infection and Immunity, 68(2), 708-715.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
3

Preparation of Catechol Solutions

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
DOPAC, DOPET, Thioflavin T (ThT), and lyophilized bovine catalase (CAT) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The catechol powder was dissolved in water solution at 100 mM final concentration and stored at −20°C.50 All reagents and chemicals were obtained from Sigma or Fluka (St. Louis, MO, USA) and were of analytical reagent grade.
Fongaro B., Cappelletto E., Sosic A., Spolaore B, & de Polverino de Laureto P. (2022). 3,4‐Dihydroxyphenylethanol and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid affect the aggregation process of E46K variant of α‐synuclein at different extent: Insights into the interplay between protein dynamics and catechol effect. Protein Science : A Publication of the Protein Society, 31(7), e4356.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
4

Reagents for Lipid Signaling Assays

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and lyophilized bovine catalase (CAT) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Phosphatidylserine (PS) and Phosphatidylcholine (PC) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). All reagents and chemicals used for cell culture, obtained from Sigma or Fluka (St. Louis, MO, USA) were of analytical reagent grade.
Palazzi L., Fongaro B., Leri M., Acquasaliente L., Stefani M., Bucciantini M, & Polverino de Laureto P. (2021). Structural Features and Toxicity of α-Synuclein Oligomers Grown in the Presence of DOPAC. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(11), 6008.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
5

Western Blot Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers

Cited 1 time
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Dopamine hydrochloride, 3–4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and homovanillic acid (HVA) were all purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO). Halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail was obtained from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA). Bradford assay reagent and Western blotting buffers were purchased from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA). Anti-4-hydroxynonenal antibody was purchased from R&D Systems (MAB3249, Minneapolis, MN (Ghosh et al., 2016 (link))), while anti-BDNF was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (sc-546, Dallas, TX). CREB and p-CREB (Ser133) antibodies were obtained from Cell signaling (9104, 87G3, Boston, MA (Jin et al., 2011 (link))). The anti-mouse and anti-rabbit secondary antibodies (Alexa Fluor 680 conjugated anti-mouse IgG and IRdye 800 conjugated anti-rabbit IgG) were purchased from Invitrogen and Rockland Inc., respectively.
Langley M.R., Ghaisas S., Palanisamy B.N., Ay M., Jin H., Anantharam V., Kanthasamy A, & Kanthasamy A.G. (2021). Characterization of Nonmotor Behavioral Impairments and their Neurochemical Mechanisms in the MitoPark Mouse Model of Progressive Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease. Experimental neurology, 341, 113716.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
6

Dopamine Quantification by HPLC-EC

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Following tissue sonication in perchloric acid solution, supernatants were analyzed for content of DA by HPLC. A standard curve for DA and DOPAC ranging from 1.5 ng/ml to 800 ng/ml was generated using dopamine hydrochloride (CAS# 62-31-7), and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) (CAS#102-32-9), both obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Corp (St. Louis, MO). The mobile phase contained 75 mM sodium dihyrdogen phosphate monohydrate, 1.7 mM 1-Octanesulfonic Acid sodium salt, 100 μL/L Triethylamine, 25 μM EDTA, 10% Acetonitrile, at a pH of 3.00, and was purchased from Fisher Scientific. The UHPLC pump (Ultimate 3000BM) was run at 0.6 mL/min isocratic gradient at ~255 Bar. The electrochemical (EC) detected was an Ultimate 3000RS electrochemical detector set to DC mode. Two cells were used in the EC detector, a 6020RS omni coulometric cell set at +300 mV to oxidize any contaminants in the mobile phase, and a 2-channel 6011RS ultra analytical cell set at -150 mV (Channel 1) and +220 mV (Channel 2). The analytical column was a BDS Hypersil (150mm X 3mm) C18 column with a particle size of 3μm. Samples and standards were placed in a WPS 3000TBRS autosampler maintained at 4°C during analysis. Injection volume for all standards and samples was 10 μL.
Arnold J.C., Cantu M.A., Kasanga E.A., Nejtek V.A., Papa E.V., Bugnariu N, & Salvatore M.F. (2017). Aging-related limit of exercise efficacy on motor decline. PLoS ONE, 12(11), e0188538.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
7

HPLC Analysis of Monoamine Neurotransmitters

Cited 1 time
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
HPLC analyses of neurochemistry were performed using electrochemical detection as previously described [33 (link), 35 (link)]. Monoamine standards for DA, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and homovanillic acid (HVA) were purchased from Sigma. Mobile phase was obtained from ESA Inc. (Chelmsford, MA). Briefly, dissected striata from test animals (6–8 per group) were sonicated in 0.1 M perchloric acid. Homogenates were centrifuged at 15,000 ×g and the supernatant was filtered through a 0.22 μm filter by centrifugation at 15,000 ×g. The supernatants were analyzed for levels of DA, DOPAC, and HVA. Quantification was made by reference to calibration curves made using individual standards.
Coughlan C., Walker D.I., Lohr K.M., Richardson J.R., Saba L.M., Caudle W.M., Fritz K.S, & Roede J.R. (2015). Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Carbonylated Proteins from the Striatum and Cortex of Pesticide-Treated Mice. Parkinson's Disease, 2015, 812532.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
8

Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine and Metabolites

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Dopamine hydrochloride, L-ascorbic acid and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Compounds were dissolved in 0.1 M HClO4 to make 10 mM stock solution, and were diluted with PBS buffer (131.25 mM NaCl, 3.00 mM KCl, 10 mM NaH2PO4, 1.2 mM MgCl2, 2.0 mM Na2SO4, and 1.2 mM CaCl2) to corresponding concentration (dopamine 1 μM, DOPAC 20 μM and L-ascorbic acid 20 μM). Solutions were further adjusted to different pH (pH 4, pH 7.4 and pH 8.5) for FSCV detection
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry was performed in a flow cell with dual syringe pump pumping buffer and dopamine into a cell with a six-port switching valve (Valco Instruments Co. Inc. Houston, TX). The potentiostat was a Dagan with a 10 MΩ headstage (Dagan, Minnesota). Electrodes were filled with KCl solution to be connected to Ag/AgCl reference electrode, and dopamine waveform (−0.4 V to 1.3 V at a scan rate of 400 V/s from frequencies from 10 Hz to 100 Hz) was applied. The data was analyzed with HDCV software developed at University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Shao Z, & Venton B.J. (2022). Different Electrochemical Behavior of Cationic Dopamine from Anionic Ascorbic Acid and DOPAC at CNT Yarn Microelectrodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 169(2), 026506.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
9

UPLC-ECD for Simultaneous Neurotransmitter Quantification

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with ECD was used to simultaneously measure DA, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-HT, 5-hydroxy-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), and NE. A 10-μl aliquot was injected onto a Luna Omega 2.1 x 150 mm column (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA) coupled to a LPG-3400RS pump, WPS-3000TBRS autosampler, and a CoulArray electrochemical detector. The column was heated to 30°C. The mobile phase consisted of 50 mM sodium phosphate, 47 mM citric acid, 0.14 mM EDTA, 0.64 mM octanesulfonic acid, and 5% methanol, with a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. The detector was set to sequentially deliver potentials of −150 mV, 150 mV, 400 mV, and 600 mV.
Standards for ECD were prepared by weighing approximately 1 mg of analytes DA (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), DOPAC (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), HVA (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), 5-HT (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), 5-HIAA (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), and NE (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Each standard was transferred to a volumetric flask and diluted to volume with tissue buffer to create stock solutions. A stock solution containing approximately 10 μg/ml of analyte was then diluted to encompass a concentration range from 1000 to 0.5 ng/ml.
Marusich J.A., Gay E.A., Watson S.L, & Blough B.E. (2021). Alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone and mephedrone self-administration produce differential neurochemical changes following short- or long-access conditions in rats. European journal of pharmacology, 897, 173935.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
10

Preparation and Characterization of Neuroactive Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
The solutions were prepared according to the protocol found in previously reported literature (21 , 47 ). Dopamine, DOPAC, 3-MT, DOPAL, polyethyleneimine (PEI), and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) sodium salt (PSS) was obtained from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA). A 10 mM stock solution of 0.1 M perchloric acid was prepared and diluted to 1.0-100 μM daily with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (145 mM NaCl, 2.68 mM KCl, 1.40 mM CaCl2.2H2O, 1.01 mM MgSO4.7H2O, 15.5 mM Na2HPO4, and 0.45 mM NaH2PO4.H2O with the pH adjusted to 7.4). All the aqueous solutions were prepared with deionized water (Millipore, Billerica, MA). Epon 828 Epoxy was obtained from Miller-Stephenson (Morton Grove, IL) and diethylenetriamine hardener was obtained from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA) (21 , 47 ).
Wonnenberg P.M, & Zestos A.G. (2020). Polymer-Modified Carbon Fiber Microelectrodes for Neurochemical Detection of Dopamine and Metabolites. ECS transactions, 97(7), 901-927.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required

Sign up now

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!