Ilium atipamezole

Mice were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg Ketamine (Ceva Animal Health Pty Ltd, Amersham, UK) and 5 mg/kg Ilium Xylazil-100 (Troy Laboratories, New South Wales, Australia) or subcutaneously with a mixture of Ketamine (85 mg/kg; Parke-Davis, Berlin, Germany) and xylazine (4 mg/kg; Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany). Single intravitreal injections of 0.5 uL were administered at PN (Postnatal day) 14, with either 100 nM of Trichostatin A (TSA; Sigma) or 10 µM of GSK-J4 (Selleckchem, Texas, USA) administered in one eye and the contralateral eye receiving 0.0001% DMSO (diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride solution [Sigma]). GSK-J4 contained 0.0001% DMSO and was further diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride solution to make a 100 µM solution, while TSA (Trichostatin A) also contained 0.0001% DMSO with dilution to make a 100 nM solution. Assuming a 5 uL free vitreous volume [26 ], the final concentration of treatment was 10 nM TSA or 10 µM of GSK-J4. Anesthesia was reversed with Ilium Atipamezole (1 mg/kg; Troy Laboratories) or Antisedan (Atipamezole; 2 mg/kg; Orion Corp, Espoo, Finland).

Koalas were anaesthetized using a combined intramuscular injection of 0.04 mg/kg of medetomidine hydrochloride (Ilium medetomidine, 1 mg/ml, Troy Laboratories, NSW, Australia) and 2-mg/kg alfaxalone (Alfaxan, 10 mg/ml, Jurox, NSW, Australia). On conclusion of the clinical procedure 0.16 mg/kg of atipamezole (Ilium atipamezole, 5.0 mg/ml, Troy Laboratories, NSW, Australia) was administered intramuscularly by a qualified veterinarian to reverse the medetomidine and accelerate recovery from the sedation. A 2 cm × 2 cm section of fur covering the cephalic vein was shaved for blood collection with a 5 ml syringe and 23-g, 5/8-inch needle. The blood was stored in EDTA tubes for manual blood smear analysis and automated haematology analysis, and plain serum tubes for biochemistry. Five to ten fresh faecal pellets were collected from the koala pet carrier following sedation. Additional faecal samples were also massaged from the cloaca of the koala and placed in Ziplock bags and stored at −20°C within 8 hours of collection. Of the 10 captive koalas in the study, faecal samples were obtained upon examination for four individuals, and the faecal samples for the other six were collected 5 days later within enclosures immediately after defecation. No effect of day of faecal sampling was detected during statistical analysis.