Laccase from t versicolor

Laccase from T. versicolor (powder, ≥0.5 U/mg), 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (CPTS, ≥97%), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH, 95%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). All other materials are of analytical grade and were provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All materials were used as received without any further purification.

All buffering chemicals and substrates including glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, cellobiose, lactose, mannobiose, β-(1 → 4)-_D-galactobiose, isomaltose and maltose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). The other substrates including cellotriose, cellotetraose, xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, 3²-α-l-arabinofuranosyl-xylobiose (A³X), 2³-α-l-arabinofuranosyl-xylotriose (A²XX), 2²-(4-O-methyl-α-d-glucuronyl)-xylobiose (U^4m2X), 2³-(4-O-methyl-α-d-glucuronyl)-xylotriose (U^4m2XX), chitosanbiose, 3²-β-d-glucosyl-cellobiose, β-(1 → 4)-_D-glucosyl-_D-mannose, gentiobiose, kojibiose, sophorose, laminaribiose, and nigerose were purchased from Megazyme (Ireland). The laccase from T. versicolor (38429, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) was used in oxidation reactions to recycle the electron acceptor, 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ, PHR1028, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). Methylated cellobiose and lactose was produced in house (details in Additional File 2).