Glutamine

C17.2 NSCs were purchased from Meisen Chinese Tissue Culture Collections (Jinhua, Zhejiang, China) and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin–streptomycin, and 1% glutamine (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, China). The culture medium was replaced every two days, and the cells were passaged every 4–5 days. To simulate ischemia–reperfusion in vitro, NSCs were placed in a humid anaerobic chamber (MC-101 model, Billups-Rothenberg Inc., Del Mar, CA, USA) perfused with 5% O₂, 5% CO₂, and 90% N₂ at 37 °C for 12 h. NSCs were then moved to standard oxygen conditions and cultured for 48 h. The cells in the control group were cultured under standard oxygen conditions.

The human thyroid follicular epithelial cell line Nthy‐ori 3‐1 (EK‐Bioscience) and human thyroid cancer cells (TPC‐1, KTC‐1, 8305C, FTC‐133, and CAL‐62; Procell) were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)‐1640 medium supplemented 10% fetal bovine serum(FBS), 100 U/mL penicillin/streptomycin, and 100 U/mL glutamine (Procell) under 5% CO₂ and 37°C.

Normal ovarian cells IOSE80 were cultured in RMPI‐1640 medium (Corning) containing 10% foetal bovine serum (Zhejiang Tianhang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) and 1% Penicillin–Streptomycin (Anhui Biosharp Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), incubated in an incubator at 37°C with 5% CO₂, and passed every 2–3 days. EOC cells SKOV3 were cultured in McCoy's 5A medium (Shanghai BasalMedia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). EOC cells A2780 were cultured in the medium RPMI‐1640, with the addition of 2% glutamine (Wuhan Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd.), and the other conditions were the same as above. IOSE80 and A2780 was derived from EXPASY. SKOV3 was derived from ATCC. All the cells were purchased from suyan biotech.