Plasma glucose levels were measured with use of the glucose oxidase method with a bedside glucose analyzer (Analox GM9D; Analox Instruments Ltd, Lunenberg, MA). Insulin, C-peptide, and human growth hormone were measured by a two-site chemiluminescent immunometric assay (
IMMULITE 2000 immunoassay system; Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products Ltd, Llanberis, U.K.). Glucagon was measured using a competitive ELISA method employing a commerically available
ELISA kit (ALPCO, Salem, NH). Plasma FFA levels were determined with an acyl-CoA oxidase method–based kit (Wako Diagnostics, Richmond, VA) on an automated modular analyzer (
cobas 8000, Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN). Plasma glycerol levels were measured with a phosphorylation method–based calorimetric kit (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Plasma lactate levels were estimated with enzymatic oxidation methods with commercial kits (
cobas 8000). GAD-65 and IA-2 autoantibody positivity was analyzed with a quantitative sandwich immunoassay method (RSR Limited, Cardiff, U.K.) with an assay range of up to 5–2,000 units/mL for GAD-65 and up to 7.5–4,000 units/mL for IA-2.
Lontchi-Yimagou E., Dasgupta R., Anoop S., Kehlenbrink S., Koppaka S., Goyal A., Venkatesan P., Livingstone R., Ye K., Chapla A., Carey M., Jose A., Rebekah G., Wickramanayake A., Joseph M., Mathias P., Manavalan A., Kurian M.E., Inbakumari M., Christina F., Stein D., Thomas N, & Hawkins M. (2022). An Atypical Form of Diabetes Among Individuals With Low BMI. Diabetes Care, 45(6), 1428-1437.