Lps derived from pseudomonas aeruginosa

Ac-YVAD-CMK (caspase-1 inhibitor) and LPS derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Nigericin and flagellin derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa were purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA, USA). Primary antibodies: anti-β-catenin (WB) and anti-β-actin from Sigma-Aldrich; anti-TREM2(WB, IP) from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA); anti-β-catenin (IP), anti-phosphorylated β-catenin (S33/37, S552, S675), anti-phosphorylated Akt and anti-phosphorylated GSK-3β from Cell Signaling Test (CST; Beverly, MA, USA); anti-Caspase-1 (p10), anti-Lamin B from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); anti-Caspase-1 (p20), anti-NLRP3, anti-NLRC4 and anti-ASC from Adipogen (San Diego, CA, USA). Detail catalog information of antibodies and reagents provide in Supplementary Table 1.

RPMI medium, fetal bone serum (FBS), penicillin-streptomycin, L-glutamine, Opti-MEM and Lipofectamine™ 2000 were products of Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). LPS derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, propidium iodide (PI), PMA and DMSO were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). C-176 (STING inhibitor) was bought from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA) and BAY11-7082 (NF-κB inhibitor) was bought from MedChemExpress (New Jersey, USA). 2’, 3’-cGAMP (STING agonist) and CpG ODN 2006 were bought from Invivogen (San Diego, CA, USA). Primary antibodies: anti-caspase-1 (AG-20B-0048) from Adipogen (San Diego, CA, USA); anti-caspase-4 (4450S), anti-GSDMD (97558S), anti-NF-κB p65 (8242S) and anti-P-NF-κB p65 (3033S) from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA); another anti-caspase-4 (ab22687) from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA); anti-caspase-5 (M060-3) from Medical & Biological Laboratories(Nagoya, Japan); anti-β-actin (A1978) and anti-GAPDH(G9295) from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA).