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ELISAs (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays) are a type of analytical biochemistry technique used to detect and quantify specific substances, such as proteins, hormones, or antibodies, in a sample. ELISAs employ antibodies and color change to identify and measure the target analyte.

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6 protocols using elisas

1

Estrogen Supplementation: Immune and Bone Effects

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Circulating white blood cell counts after 6 weeks of E2 supplementation (vs. age-matched controls) were determined using a Hemavet 950DS (Drew Scientific, Miami Lakes, FL). E2 levels in serum collected 2 or 6 weeks post pellet placement, and stored at −80°C prior to assay, were assayed by the University of Virginia Center for Research in Reproduction Ligand Assay and Analysis Core using a commercially available mouse/rat estradiol ELISA (Calbiotech, El Cajon, CA)[38 (link)]. Markers of bone formation (rat/mouse P1NP) or resorption (mouse TRAcP 5b) were assayed in fasting serum collected 2 weeks after start of E2 supplementation (vs. age-matched controls) using commercially available ELISAs (Immunodiagnostic Systems, United Kingdom) [22 (link),25 (link)].
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2

Serum Biomarkers for Bone Turnover

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Blood was obtained at the time of necropsy from each animal. TRAP and P1NP were assessed in serum samples using commercially-available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) (Immunodiagnostic Systems, Inc.; Fountain Hills, AZ). TRAP is produced by osteoclasts and macrophages and can be detected in serum. The ELISA used here measures TRAP 5b, the form specific to osteoclasts (Hannon et al., 2004 (link)). TRAP 5b is thought to be a measure of osteoclast number rather than activity. P1NP is a measure of osteoblast function. Type I collagen is the major collagenous protein in bone (Risteli & Risteli, 2006 ).
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3

Serum Bone Markers in Mice

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Serum biochemical markers of bone resorption (C‐terminal telopeptide of collagen [CTx]) and of bone formation (N‐terminal propeptide of type I procollagen [P1NP]) were quantified in mice serum using ELISAs from Immunodiagnostic Systems Inc. (Gaithersburg, MD, USA).
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4

Serum Biomarkers of Bone Remodeling

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Blood was obtained at the time of necropsy from each animal. TRAP and P1NP were assessed in serum samples using commercially-available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) (Immunodiagnostic Systems, Inc.; Fountain Hills, AZ). TRAP is produced by osteoclasts and macrophages and can be detected in serum. The ELISA used here measures TRAP 5b, the form specific to osteoclasts [36 (link)]. TRAP 5b is thought to be a measure of osteoclast number rather than activity. P1NP is a measure of osteoblast function. Type I collagen is the major collagenous protein in bone [37 ].
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5

Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Assays

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The PTH and 25-(OH) D concentrations in the control groups were measured by our Laboratory Department using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs; Immunodiagnostic Systems, IDS Ltd., London, UK). The interassay coefficients of variation (CV) were 4.7 and 4.6%, respectively. The serum calcium, phosphorous, and albumin concentrations were measured using colorimetric methods (CVs: 1.8, 1.5 and 1.5%, respectively). Corrected calcium was calculated as the measured calcium + (40 − measured albumin) * 0.02 [12 (link)]. The PFindex was calculated as follows: PFindex = Ca*PTH/P.
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6

Bone Biomarkers: Assessing Osteoblast and Osteoclast Activity

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Serum bone biochemical markers were assessed using commercially available ELISAs (Immunodiagnostic Systems Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA) on samples collected at the 5- and 10-week study endpoint. Precollagen type 1 N-terminal propetide (P1NP), the precollagen type 1 N-terminal peptide that is cleaved during bone formation, was used to assess osteoblast activity. Tartrate-resitant acid phosphate (TRAcP) 5b, the metalloenzyme produced by osteoclasts during matrix degradation, was used as indicator of osteoclast activity or bone resorption.
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