Fluo-8, AM was acquired from AAT Bioquest, Inc. Cell Tracker Orange CMRA; Rhodamine 123; bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid) trimethine oxonol [DiBAC4(3)] and Grace’s insect medium (1X), unsupplemented, were obtained from Life Technologies. Rhodamine B was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was acquired from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc. Fluo-8, AM (50 µg), Cell Tracker Orange CMRA (50 µg), Rhodamine 123 (3 mg), and DiBAC4(3) (5 mg) were each diluted with DMSO to produce 1 mM stock solutions. Rhodamine B (5 mg) was diluted in water to produce 1 mM stock solution.
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)
Manufactured by Kanto Chemical
Sourced in Japan
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a colorless, odorless, and polar aprotic solvent. It has a high boiling point and is miscible with water and many organic solvents. DMSO is a widely used laboratory solvent known for its ability to dissolve a variety of polar and non-polar compounds.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Kanto Chemical (4 mentions)
4 tert butylpyridine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Chlorobenzene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methylamine hydrobromide, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (2 mentions)
Formamidine hydroiodide, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (2 mentions)
Formamidine hydrobromide, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (2 mentions)
Cesium iodide, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (2 mentions)
Lead 2 iodide, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (2 mentions)
Spiro meotad, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 propanol, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions)
Chloroform, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions)
Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Rhodamine 123, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Rhodamine b, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Trimethine oxonol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Fluo 8 am, by AAT Bioquest (1 mentions)
Milli q integral water purification system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
20 protocols using dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)
1
Fluorescent Dye Stock Preparation
2
Oxidative Stress Measurement in Worms
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Synchronized worms were cultured on OP or Q plates (50 μM and 500 μM) for 96 h, before DCF-DA (Wako) was diluted in dimethyl sulfoxide (Kanto Chemical Co.) to produce a 50 μM DCF-DA solution that was added (400 μL) to each plate. After 1 h, worms were washed, and fixed in 10% ethanol. Again, fluorescence (n > 35 worms/group) was measured using a BZ8000 microscope, and analysed using ImageJ software. The fluorescence level exhibited by control worms was set as 100%. Assays were conducted at least three times independently.
3
Synthesis of Trimethylolpropane Propoxylate Triacrylate
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Trimethylolpropane propoxylate triacrylate (TPT, average Mn 644, Sigma-Aldrich Co., LLC.), was commercially obtained, and were purified by passing through Al2O3 column before use to remove a polymerization inhibitor. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA), 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., and used without further purification. Triethylamine (TEA, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.), piperidine (Pip, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.), and (E)-1-piperidino-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (PipHPP, Wako Pure Chemical Industries), were commercially obtained, and used as received.
4
Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication Protocol
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L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride and tin(IV) chloride dihydrate (SnCl4·5H2O, >98.0%) were obtained from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Osaka, Japan. Titanium isopropoxide (TTIP, >97%) and lithium chloride (LiCl, 99.0%) were purchased from KANTO CHEMICAL Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
Dehydrated solvents, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, >99.5%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.0%), 2-propanol (IPA > 99.7%), and acetonitrile (CH3CN > 99.5%) were supplied from KANTO CHEMICAL Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. Ethanol (99.5%) was from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. A Milli-Q® integral water purification system (MERCK Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was used for obtaining H2O (resistivity: 18.2 MΩ·cm). All the chemicals were used as purchased for the experiments.
For the fabrication of perovskite solar cells, lead(II) iodide (PbI2, 99.99%), methylamine hydrobromide (MABr, >98.0%), cesium iodide (CsI, >99.0%), formamidine hydroiodide (FAI, 99.99%), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonly)imide (Li-TFSI, >98.0%), and formamidine hydrobromide (FABr, 99.99%) were obtained from TOKYO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. Spiro-MeOTAD, chlorobenzene (CB, 99.8%), and 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP, 98%) were from SIGMA-ALDRICH, Co., St. Louis, MO, USA.
Dehydrated solvents, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, >99.5%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.0%), 2-propanol (IPA > 99.7%), and acetonitrile (CH3CN > 99.5%) were supplied from KANTO CHEMICAL Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. Ethanol (99.5%) was from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. A Milli-Q® integral water purification system (MERCK Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was used for obtaining H2O (resistivity: 18.2 MΩ·cm). All the chemicals were used as purchased for the experiments.
For the fabrication of perovskite solar cells, lead(II) iodide (PbI2, 99.99%), methylamine hydrobromide (MABr, >98.0%), cesium iodide (CsI, >99.0%), formamidine hydroiodide (FAI, 99.99%), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonly)imide (Li-TFSI, >98.0%), and formamidine hydrobromide (FABr, 99.99%) were obtained from TOKYO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. Spiro-MeOTAD, chlorobenzene (CB, 99.8%), and 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP, 98%) were from SIGMA-ALDRICH, Co., St. Louis, MO, USA.
5
Bioactive Compound Extraction and Evaluation
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Extraction solvents including methanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol were purchased from Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. Standards including gallic acid, rutin, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), kojic acid were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. Palmitic acid was obtained from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation.
Chemicals including sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), sodium acetate (CH3COONa), β-carotene, chloroform, linoleic acid, tween 40, dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4), monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4), potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]), trichloro acetic acid (CCl3COOH), ferric chloride (FeCl3), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), hydrochloric acid (HCl) were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. While tyrosinase, L-tyrosine, α-amylase, starch, iodine, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium (IMDM), and cell lysis buffer were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA.
K562 and Meg-01 cell lines were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Virginia, United States.
Chemicals including sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), sodium acetate (CH3COONa), β-carotene, chloroform, linoleic acid, tween 40, dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4), monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4), potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]), trichloro acetic acid (CCl3COOH), ferric chloride (FeCl3), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), hydrochloric acid (HCl) were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. While tyrosinase, L-tyrosine, α-amylase, starch, iodine, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium (IMDM), and cell lysis buffer were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA.
K562 and Meg-01 cell lines were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Virginia, United States.
6
Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication
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Titanium tetraisoproxide (TTIP, >97.0%), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, dehydrated, >99.5%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, dehydrated, 99.0%), 2-Propanol (IPA, dehydrated, >99.7%), and acetonitrile (dehydrated, >99.5%) were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Portland, OR, USA). Spiro-MeOTAD, chlorobenzene (CB, anhydrous, 99.8%), Terpineol (anhydrous), and 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP, 98%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St, Louis, MI, USA). Methylamine hydrobromide (MABr, >98.0%), Cesium iodide (CsI, >99.0%), Formamidine hydroiodide (FAI, 99.99%), Lead(II) iodide (PbI2, 99.99%), Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonly)imide (Li-TFSI, >98.0%), and Formamidine hydrobromide (FABr, 99.99%) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) and Tin(II) chloride dihydrate (SnCl2·2H2O, >97.0%) were from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Richmond, VA, USA. All chemicals were used as purchased.
7
Synthesis of Fluorinated Amine Derivatives
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2,2-Bis(4-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane (>98.0%), 4-chlorobenzyl bromide (>95.0%), phenylacetonitrile (>98.0%), sodium hydride (60% dispersion in paraffin liquid), tetrahydrofuran anhydrous (stabilized with 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, >99.5%), diethyl ether anhydrous (stabilized with 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, >99.5%), cesium carbonate (>98.0%), iodomethane (>98.5%), and 2,2′-bipyridyl (bpy, >99%) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, and used as received. Hydrochloric acid (35.0–37.0%), potassium hydroxide (>86%), sodium chloride (99%), sodium carbonate (>99.8%), sodium thiosulfate (>99.0%), sodium nitrate (>99%), sodium hydrogen carbonate (>99.5%), sodium nitrite (>98.5%), silver nitrate aq. (0.01 M), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, >99%), bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) (Ni(COD)2, 95%), N,N-dimethylacetamide (>99%), hexane (>96%), dichloromethane (DCM, >99.5%), silica gel N60 (spherical, neutral, 100–210 μm), sodium sulfate (>98.5%), magnesium sulfate, anhydrous (>95.0%), diethyl ether (>99.0%) and lithium aluminum hydride (LAH, >92.0%) were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., and used as received. Dimethylsulfoxide-d6 with 0.03% TMS (DMSO-d6, Acros Organics) and chloroform-d1 (CDCl3, Acros Organics) were used as received.
8
Synthesis of Organotin Compounds
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Calcium carbide (~80%), ethynyl(tributyl)stannane (95%), bis(tributylstannyl)acetylene (95%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used as received. Chloro(tributyl)stannane (>97%), and boron trifluoride etherate (>98%) were purchased from TCI Japan and used as received. (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene (98+%) was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical or prepared according to the literature (Watanabe et al., 2018 (link)). Potassium carbonate (>99.5%) was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical and used as received. Iodosylbenzene was prepared from (diacetoxyiodo)benzene according to the literature (Sharefkin and Saltzman, 1963 (link)). Anhydrous grade of dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, and N, N-dimethylformamide was purchased from Kanto Chemical and degassed by purging with argon and/or dried with a solvent purification system containing a one-meter column of activated alumina.
9
Prostate Cancer Cell Line Cultivation
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Cell culture. The prostate cancer androgen-dependent cell line LNCaP and LNCaP cells transfected with Gal-3 (LNCaP-Gal-3) (10, 11) , and the metastatic type of the androgen-independent cell lines DU145 and PC3 that were used in this study were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC; Manassas, VA, USA). All cells were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium containing 2 mmol/l glutamine, penicillin, and streptomycin (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum in 5% CO 2 at 37˚C using standard cell culture procedures (10) . At 24 h before treatment with the anti-androgen drug MDV3100 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) or with bicalutamide (Wako Pure Chemical, Osaka, Japan), the cells were transferred to RPMI-1640 phenol red-free medium for 24 h. 10 μM MDV3100 and 10 μM bicalutamide were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (Kanto Chemical Co, Inc, Tokyo, Japan) and 1 nM dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in methanol.
Primary antibodies. The primary antibodies used in this study were: anti-androgen receptor (AR) (clone number AR441i DAKO North America, Inc. Carpinteria, CA, USA) and TIB166 monoclonal rat anti-gal-3 from the ATCC (10, 11) , and anti-human β-actin antibodies (Clone number A5441); (Sigma-Aldrich).
Primary antibodies. The primary antibodies used in this study were: anti-androgen receptor (AR) (clone number AR441i DAKO North America, Inc. Carpinteria, CA, USA) and TIB166 monoclonal rat anti-gal-3 from the ATCC (10, 11) , and anti-human β-actin antibodies (Clone number A5441); (Sigma-Aldrich).
10
Enzymatic Characterization of Cysteine Derivatives
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l -Cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride was purchased from Tokyo Kasei Co. (Tokyo, Japan). α-Chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) type II from bovine pancreas, 3×crystallized from 4× crystallized chymotrypsinogen, dialyzed essentially salt-free and prepared as lyophilized powder, which was 54 U/mg protein determined at 25 °C and pH 7.8 with N-benzoyl-l -tyrosine ethyl ester as a substrate, lysozyme from chicken egg white, l -arginine ethyl ester dihydrochloride and ProteoMass™ peptide MALDI-MS calibration kit were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, DMSO, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and urea were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Iodoacetamide (IAM) and 5,5-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were obtained from Nacalai Tesque Inc. (Kyoto, Japan). 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt dihydrate was obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Standards for size exclusion chromatography were from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA, USA). All other regents used were of analytical grade.
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