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3 protocols using 5 heneicosyl resorcinol

1

Resorcinol Derivatives Analysis Protocol

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5-Nonadecyl-resorcinol, 5-heneicosyl-resorcinol,
5-tricosyl-resorcinol, 5-heptadecylresorcinol (10 mg powder), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic
acid (DHB), and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
(Steinheim). Gelatin used for embedding was obtained from VWR International
(Darmstadt, Germany). Glass microscope slides (ground edges, super
frost) were obtained from R. Langenbrinck (Emmendingen, Germany).
LC–MS-grade methanol, ethyl acetate, and 2-propanol were purchased
from Scharlab Italia Srl (Milan, Italy); bidistilled water was obtained
using a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). MS-grade ammonium
formate and formic acid from Fisher Chemical (Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Inc., San Jose, CA, USA) were also used.
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2

Analytical Standards for Mycotoxin Detection

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5-Nonadecyl-resorcinol, 5-heneicosylresorcinol,
5-tricosyl-resorcinol, 5-heptadecylresorcinol (10 mg powder), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic
acid (DHB), and phenolic acid standards (caffeic acid ≥98%, p-coumaric acid ≥98%, ferulic acid ≥99%, gallic
acid ≥99%, protocatechuic acid ≥99%, p-hydroxybenzoic acid ≥99%, sinapic acid ≥98%, syringic
acid ≥95%, and vanillic acid ≥97%) were purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim). Analytical standards of DON (100 mg L–1 in acetonitrile) and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON3Glc)
(50.6 mg L–1 in acetonitrile) were purchased from
Romer Laboratories (Tulln, Austria).
LC–MS grade methanol,
ethyl acetate, and 2-propanol were purchased from Scharlab Italia
Srl (Milan, Italy); bidistilled water was obtained using a Milli-Q
system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). MS-grade ammonium formate and
formic acid from Fisher Chemical (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.,
San Jose, CA, USA) were also used.
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3

Comprehensive Metabolite Identification Protocol

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The fidelity of chemical identification was defined at four levels according to the published guidelines for metabolomics [22] .
3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF), 3,5ihydroxybenzoic acid (3,5-DHBA), and 3,5dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (3,5-DHPPA) were annotated using an in-house database, which includes retention time and MS/ MS spectra of authentic standards. Some of the lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) that were not present in the in-house standard database were identified using a previously described Matlab function [23] . The authentic standards, trans-2-octenoylcarnitine (CN(C8:1)), 5-Heneicosylresorcinol (AR(C21:0)), nonadecylresorcinol (AR(C19:0)), and human liver S9 and microsomes were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. MS/MS spectra were compared with comparable spectra in available databases, such as METLIN, HMDB, mzCloud and produced by in-silico fragmentation tools such as CFM-ID, FingerID and lipidmaps. Glucuronide conjugates of CMPF, AR(C19:0), AR(C21:1), 3,5-DHBA and 3,5-DHPPA were produced using human liver S9 as described previously [24] . CMHPF, a hydroxylated metabolite of CMPF, was produced by incubating CMPF with liver microsomes [25, 26] and the identity confirmed as described in Supplementary Fig. 2, whereas the annotation CPF and CMPentylF was based on MS/MS matches with CMPF.
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