According to the results of Secreto’s study and considering the power of 90%, confidence interval of 0.95, and significance level of 0.05, 100 women were assigned to each study group. Based on the loss rate of 20% and in order to find a difference of 46.1% in the severity of the climacteric symptoms, sampling was continued until 240 women (120 in each group) volunteered for taking part in the study. Finally, data were entered into the SPSS statistical software (v. 16) and descriptive Statistics were used to summarize demographic data. The Independent t-test was used to compare the mean scores of climacteric symptoms and others clinical features and compare the adverse events in both groups at baseline (α ≤ 0.05, confidence interval of 0.95). ANOVA was used to compare the differences in mean scores of climacteric symptoms between the two groups. Sidak’s Post-hoc was used for pair comparisons. In addition, the coefficient of variation was used to compare each primary and secondary outcome in the two groups. Besides, ANCOVA was used in order to reduce the effect of the confounder variables (age, menopausal age, last menstrual period, BMI, mother’s menopause age) Significance level was considered when P<0.05.
Spss statistical software v 16
Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States
SPSS statistical software v.16.0 is an analytical tool that enables users to perform a variety of statistical analyses on data. It provides a comprehensive set of features for data management, analysis, and visualization. The software is designed to help users gain insights from their data and make informed decisions.
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Lab products found in correlation
7 protocols using spss statistical software v 16
1
Evaluating Menopausal Symptom Severity
2
Statistical Analysis of Pain and Anxiety
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The SPSS statistical software (v. 16) was used for data analysis. Normalization of the data was first measured using the Shapiro–Wilk and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests. The analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's post hoc, non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test, and paired samples t-test.
ANOVA was used to compare the groups for the pain intensity and total anxiety score, followed by Tukey's post hoc test to compare the groups two-by-two. Moreover, ANOVA was performed for repeated measures with the between-subject factor GROUP (AA, FR, and control) and within-subject factor TIME (measurement time points). In the current study, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
ANOVA was used to compare the groups for the pain intensity and total anxiety score, followed by Tukey's post hoc test to compare the groups two-by-two. Moreover, ANOVA was performed for repeated measures with the between-subject factor GROUP (AA, FR, and control) and within-subject factor TIME (measurement time points). In the current study, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
3
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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The data obtained were entered into the SPSS statistical software (v. 16) and were analyzed using Chi-square, paired t-test, independent t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA).
4
Statistical Analysis of Biological Replicates
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In the presence work, the biological and technical replicates have been carried out for all experiments and the results were from triple repeats with similar results. All statistical significance analyses were performed using SPSS 9.0 statistical software (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). The IC50 values were calculated using Origin software (Origin 6.1; OriginLab Corporation, Northampton, MA, USA). Statistical significance was analyzed using Bonferroni correction with two-way ANOVA, and paired samples were tested using the paired-sample t-test (SPSS Statistical Software v16.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
5
Comparing VSL#3 and Mesalamine Efficacy
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For comparing therapeutic effects of VSL#3 and mesalamine, a two-phase partial crossover trial was designed. Superiority margin was predefined as a 25% difference in clinical responses between the two treatments in phase I. For a power of 80% and α value of 5%, we calculated the sample size of 25 patients. Keeping a 10% provision for dropouts, a total sample size of 30 was planned. Comparisons between VSL#3 and the mesalamine group for various parameters were performed by unpaired t tests and non-parametric tests. Intragroup comparisons were done by the paired t test or non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test. Comparison for categorical variables between groups was performed by the χ2 test/Fisher exact test. A p value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data were analysed using SPSS statistical software V.16.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Statistical analysis of all data sets pertaining to efficacy and safety was independently performed by a biostatistician not employed by the corporate entity.
Statistical analysis of all data sets pertaining to efficacy and safety was independently performed by a biostatistician not employed by the corporate entity.
6
Statistical Analysis of Pediatric Reactions
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All analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software v.16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive analysis was used to characterize the study population. Results were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) or percentages of the responses to each question. The children were grouped according to sex and by reaction type, as the normal reaction (NR) group and pathologic reaction (PR) group (LLR and/or GCR and/or SR). Comparisons were also made within the PR group when appropriate. Response frequency was compared using the Pearson chi-square (C2) test (with the Yates correction when applied) or Fisher’s exact test when required. The odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
7
Comparative Analysis of Microarray Data
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All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software v.16.0 (SPSS, Inc.). All data are expressed as the means ± standard deviation. Comparisons between 2 variables of microarray data was performed using the Student's t-test. Comparisons between multiple groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test along with Dunn's post hoc test. The χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were adopted for the GO and KEGG analyses. Statistical significance was considered to be indicated by P-values of <0.05.
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