For analysis of root morphological characteristics, roots of four replicates were washed from soil using sieves (mesh size 0.5–1.0 mm) and fresh and dry biomass were recorded. Morphological characteristics were determined from fresh root samples, stored in 60% (v/v) ethanol. For analysis, root samples submerged in a water film on transparent Perspex trays, were separated with forceps and subsequently digitized using a flat-bed scanner (Epson Expression 1000 XL, Tokyo, Japan). Root length, average root diameter and the proportion of fine roots of the digitized samples were measured by applying the WinRHIZO root analysis software (Regent Instruments, Quebec, QC, Canada). Root hair length was recorded non-destructively along the root observation plane of the minirhizotrons by a video microscope (Stemi 200-c, Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). The digitized video images were analyzed using the AxioVision, software, Version 3.1.2.1 (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).
Expression 1000 xl
Manufactured by Epson
Sourced in Japan
The Expression 1000 XL is a high-performance flatbed scanner designed for laboratory and scientific applications. It features a large 11.7 x 16.5-inch scanning area, 4800 x 9600 dpi optical resolution, and 48-bit color depth to capture detailed images and documents. The scanner utilizes CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) technology for accurate color reproduction and sharp image quality.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Winrhizo pro, by Regent Instruments (2 mentions)
Winrhizo root analysis software, by Regent Instruments (1 mentions)
Stemi 200 c, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Axiovision software, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Li 3000, by LI COR (1 mentions)
Winrhizo pro 2007a, by Regent Instruments (1 mentions)
Ew 220 3nm, by Kern & Sohn (1 mentions)
Cd 20cpx, by Mitutoyo (1 mentions)
Spad 502 plus instrument, by Konica Minolta (1 mentions)
Blue phantom2, by IBA Dosimetry (1 mentions)
Omnipro 1 mrt software, by IBA Dosimetry (1 mentions)
8 protocols using expression 1000 xl
1
Comprehensive Root Morphometric Analysis
2
Analyzing Plant Grafting Parameters
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After the healing process, growth parameters, such as the plant height, scion/rootstock stem diameters, scion/rootstock dry weight, and root morphological traits, were measured at 4-day intervals. Next, 25 days after grafting, the plant height, scion/rootstock stem diameters, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, fresh weight (FW), and dry weight (DW) of the shoots and roots were measured. The plant height was measured from the soil line to apical meristem. The thicknesses of the scion and rootstock were measured at a distance of 0.5 cm from the grafted point using a digital vernier caliper (CD-20CPX, Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan). Leaf area was measured using a leaf area meter (LI-3000, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA). FW was measured using an electronic balance (EW220-3NM, Kern and Sohn GmbH., Balingen, Germany) and DW was measured after drying in an oven (Venticell-220, MMM Medcenter Einrichtungen GmbH., Planegg, Germany) at 70°C for 72 h. Root morphology parameters, such as the total root length, average root diameter, root surface area, and root volume, were measured using the WinRhizo Pro 2007a image analysis system (Regent Instruments, Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada) coupled to a professional scanner (Expression 1000XL, Epson America Inc., Long Beach, CA, USA).
3
Root Biomass Determination Protocol
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At final harvest, the dry biomass of the shoots was determined after 3 d of being oven-dried at 65 °C. The roots in each pot were washed out from the soil substrate and were stored in 30% (v/v) ethanol. The roots were later separated, submerged in a water film in transparent Perspex trays, and digitalized using a flat-bed scanner (Epson Expression 1000 XL, Tokyo, Japan). Subsequently, the root length of the digitalized samples was measured using the WinRHIZO root analysis system (Reagent Instruments, Quebec, QC, Canada). Thereafter, the root samples were oven-dried for 2 days at 65 °C for the determination of dry matter.
4
Characterization of Stress-Induced Plant Responses
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At the final harvest (6 WAS), cold stress-induced oxidative leaf damage (chlorosis/necrosis, anthocyanin formation) was quantified by counting the number of damaged leaves plant–1. Root systems were excavated, and rhizosphere soil was collected by shaking-off root adhering soil and mixed in a plastic bag. Thereafter, pH was determined according to VDLUFA (1991). Fresh weight (FW) of the shoot and root tissue was measured and finally dry weight (DW) was recorded after oven-drying at 65°C. For root length determination, washed roots previously stored in 30% ethanol, were separated, submerged in a water film on transparent Perspex trays, and subsequently digitalized using a flat-bed scanner (Epson Expression 1000 XL, Tokyo, Japan). The root length of the digitalized samples was measured by the use of the WinRHIZO root analysis system (Reagent Instruments, Quebec, QC, Canada).
5
Ammonium Tolerance in Bedding Plants
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To determine the ammonium tolerance of the three bedding plants, certain vital growth attributes, including shoot-related traits (leaf length and width, leaf area, and chlorosis appearance) and root morphology parameters (root length, volume, and root surface area) of juvenile plants in response to increasing NH4+ concentration in the nutrient solutions, were investigated via destructive sampling. Specifically, the leaf area data were collected with a leaf area apparatus (LI-3000, Lincoln, NE, USA). The root morphological parameters were analyzed with the WinRhizo Pro image system (2007a, Regent Instruments, Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada) linked to a professional scanner (Expression 1000XL, Epson America Inc., Long Beach, CA, USA).
6
Plant Growth Measurement and Analysis
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The plant height of seedlings was measured with a ruler, and Electronic vernier calipers were used to measure stem thickness. The relative chlorophyll content in fully developed leaves, as indicated by SPAD (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) value, was determined with a portable Konica SPAD-502Plus instrument (Konica Minolta Holdings Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Fresh plant roots from different treatment groups were collected and completely expanded onto the scanner platform (Epson Expression 1000XL, Seiko Epson Corporation, Nagano, Japan). Analyze the scanned root photos using WinRhizo Pro software (Regent Instruments Inc., Quebec, Canada) to obtain the roots’ total length, diameter, surface area, and volume. Afterward, dry the stem and root samples at 75 ° C for 4 days and further determine the dry mass of the stem and roots using an electronic balance.
7
Optimized Dose Measurement Protocol
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Point dose measurements (MLC_square and DLG_test) were acquired with a microDiamond detector (PTW, Freiburg, Germany, 2.2 mm radius chips) in an BluePhantom2 (IBA Dosimetry) water tank.
Profile measurements (Table1 ) were acquired with films in a Plastic Water phantom (MULTIcube, IBA Dosimetry).
Radiochromic EBT3 films (GafChromic, ISP Technology, Wayne, NJ) were used, calibrated with the dose-exposure curve [25 (link)]. Calibration was performed in the range 0–5 Gy (0.25 Gy spacing between 0 and 1.25 Gy, and 1 Gy between 2 and 5 Gy). The films were scanned on the green channel of a 48-bit scanner (Epson Expression 1000XL, Epson America, Sunnyvale, CA) with a resolution of 72 dpi (pixel resolution of less than 0.4 mm). The films were placed in the scanner with accurate and reproducible procedure and orientation to exclude variations in the scanner response over scan field. The calibration curve was fitted with a third grade polynomial function using the OmniPro-I’mRT software (IBA Dosimetry). The uncertainty of the film measurements in the dose range of interest in this work can be considered < 3% [26 (link)].
Profile measurements (Table
Radiochromic EBT3 films (GafChromic, ISP Technology, Wayne, NJ) were used, calibrated with the dose-exposure curve [25 (link)]. Calibration was performed in the range 0–5 Gy (0.25 Gy spacing between 0 and 1.25 Gy, and 1 Gy between 2 and 5 Gy). The films were scanned on the green channel of a 48-bit scanner (Epson Expression 1000XL, Epson America, Sunnyvale, CA) with a resolution of 72 dpi (pixel resolution of less than 0.4 mm). The films were placed in the scanner with accurate and reproducible procedure and orientation to exclude variations in the scanner response over scan field. The calibration curve was fitted with a third grade polynomial function using the OmniPro-I’mRT software (IBA Dosimetry). The uncertainty of the film measurements in the dose range of interest in this work can be considered < 3% [26 (link)].
8
Root Length Analysis Under Stress
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Before and four days after stress, the fresh roots of different treatment groups were collected and completely expanded onto the scanner platform (Epson Expression 1000XL, Seiko Epson Corporation, Nagano, Japan). The total length per plant was evaluated using image analysis with WinRhizo Ver. 2.0 (Regent Instruments Inc., Quebec, QC, Canada). The RRL, the ratio of net root growth under Al or Mn treatment compared to the control, was calculated.
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