Rocuronium

Manufactured by Organon

Sourced in Austria, China, Germany

Rocuronium is a type of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. It is used in medical settings to induce muscle relaxation during surgical procedures or mechanical ventilation.

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Lab products found in correlation

Ketamine, by Pfizer (1 mentions) Midazolam, by Johnson & Johnson (1 mentions) Sufentanil, by Johnson & Johnson (1 mentions) Propofol, by AstraZeneca (1 mentions) Ultiva, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions) Propofol, by Fresenius (1 mentions) Dormicum, by Roche (1 mentions)

4 protocols using rocuronium

Comprehensive Pig Anesthesia Protocol

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Anesthesia was induced intramuscularly with a combination of butorphanol (0.17 mg/kg; Alvetra and Werfft AG, Vienna, Austria), medetomidine (0.03 mg/kg; Eurovet Animal Health, Bladel, Netherlands), and midazolam (0.5 mg/kg/h; Nycomed, Linz, Austria) followed by intravenous (ear vein) ketamine (0.07 mg/kg; Pfizer, Vienna, Austria). The trachea was intubated with a 6.5-mm tracheal tube, and volume control ventilation was performed to maintain end-tidal CO₂ between 4.5 and 5.5 kPa.
Anesthesia was maintained intravenously with midazolam (0.8 mg/kg/h), sufentanil (8 μg/kg/h; Janssen, Vienna, Austria), and rocuronium (5 mg/kg/h; Organon, Oss, the Netherlands). Catheters were placed by direct preparation and incision of the left external jugular vein and left carotid artery for standard fluid therapy, invasive blood pressure monitoring, and blood withdrawal (according to the standardized pig anesthesia protocol). A 14 Fr catheter was inserted suprapubically into the bladder. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and ventilation parameters were monitored continuously, while arterial blood gas analysis was performed and lactate was measured at blood sampling time points.

Schlimp C.J., Solomon C., Keibl C., Zipperle J., Nürnberger S., Öhlinger W., Redl H, & Schöchl H. (2014). Recovery of fibrinogen concentrate after intraosseous application is equivalent to the intravenous route in a porcine model of hemodilution. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 76(5), 1235-1242.

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Perioperative Anesthetic Management

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Propofol (50 mL:0.5 g, AstraZeneca S.p.A., England), remifentanil (1 mg, Humanwell Healthcare Co., Ltd., China), rocuronium (5 mL:50 mg, Organon, Netherlands), sevoflurane (Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., China), sufentanil (1 mL:50 µg, Yichang Renfu Pharmaceutical Industry, Hubei, China), oxycodone (1 mL:10 mg, Hamol Lid., England), and flurbiprofen axetil (5 mL:50 mg, Tide Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., China) will be administered during and/or after surgery. Dexmedetomidine (2 mL:0.2 g, Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., China) will be administered, if necessary, after surgery.

Jiang L., Wang J., Chen W., Wang Z, & Xiong W. (2024). Effect of clock rhythm on emergence agitation and early postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery: protocol for a prospective, observational, cohort study. BMC Geriatrics, 24, 251.

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Comparative Evaluation of Intubation Devices

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All cases received a uniform general anesthetic. Usual monitoring involved electrocardiogram, noninvasive arterial pressure, SpO₂, and evaluation of end-tidal carbon dioxide and volatile anesthetic amounts. All cases were preoxygenated using a facemask capable of reaching a fractional O₂ of leastways 0.8 prior to the induction of anesthesia. General anesthesia was carried with Propofol 1–3 mg.kg^-1 (Propofol, Fresenius, Istanbul, Turkey) and 0.5–1 mg.kg^-1 rocuronium (Esmeron, Organon, Istanbul, Turkey). Then, fentanyl 2 mcg.kg^-1 (Talinat, Istanbul, Turkey) and remifentanil 0.5–1 mcg.kg^-1.min^-1 (Ultiva, GlaxoSmithKline, Istanbul, Turkey) was applied.
Loss of perception was then achieved, facemask ventilation was started, and the anesthesia was provided by a volatile anesthetic factor (with an age-set minimum alveolar concentration of 1.0). Two minutes after the application of neuromuscular block, laryngoscopy was started by one of four anesthetists (AO, OO, EA and IG) who are skilled in the use of either instrument. Because of the brevity of this 2-minute period, the sufficiency of neuromuscular block prior to intubation was not formally counted. Every anesthetist had applied more than 500 intubations using the Macintosh laryngoscope and at least 50 intubations using the Frova IC and the VL (McGrath) on patients prior to this study.

Ozdemirkan A., Onal O., Ozcan I.G., Aslanlar E., Saltali A., Sari M., Ciftci C, & Bayram H.H. (2021). Comparison of the intubation success rate between the intubating catheter and videolaryngoscope in difficult airways: a prospective randomized trial. Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology, 72(1), 55-62.

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Etomidate and Methylprednisolone in Intubation

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Following randomization, and before intubation in the emergency department, blood samples were taken for cortisol measurements, and hemodynamic parameters (systolic-diastolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, SOFA score) were recorded.
Group I patients were intubated with a 0.3 mg/kg etomidate IV (Etomidate Lipuro, Braun, Germany) and a 1.2 mg/kg rocuronium IV (Esmeron, Organon, Belgium).
Group II patients were intubated with a 0.3 mg/kg etomidate IV and rocuronium 1.2 mg/kg IV following a 2 mg/kg methylprednisolone IV (Prednol, Mustafa Nevzat, Turkey) given 2-4 minutes before etomidate.
Group III patients were intubated with a 0.15 mg/kg midazolam [7] (link) IV (Dormicum, Roche, France) and 1.2 mg/kg rocuronium IV.
Figure 1 is a flow diagram of all patients intubated during the study period.
The measurements (plasma cortisol level, systolic-diastolicmean blood pressures, heart rates, and SOFA score) were repeated at hours 4 and 24 of the study.

Meyancı Köksal G., Erbabacan E., Tunalı Y., Karaören G., Vehid S, & Öz H. (2015). The effect of single dose etomidate during emergency intubation on hemodynamics and adrenal cortex. Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES, 21(5).

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