Diethyl ether

α-N-Hydroxysuccinimidyl-ω-Boc protected-amino-PEG (NHS-PEG-NH₂-Boc, Mw: 5000), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE), 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE), and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE) were purchased from NOF Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). Dichloromethane, chloroform, toluene, diethyl ether, and n-butyl amine were obtained from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Methoxyl-PEG-succinimidyl propionate (MeO-PEG-NHS, Mw 5000) was purchased from Nektar Therapeutics (San Carlos, CA, USA). L-α-Phosphatidylcholine from egg yolk (EggPC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was obtained from Dojindo Laboratories (Kumamoto, Japan). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was obtained from Nissui Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). 1-Hexadecanethiol was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and phospholipid C-test wako were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd (Osaka, Japan). Octadecyl triethoxysilane was supplied from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). L-α-Palmitoyl-NBD dodecanoyl phosphatidylethanolamine was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL, USA).

The animals were anesthetized via the inhalation of diethyl ether (Nacalai Tesque Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan), followed by the administration of a triple mixture of anesthetics (Domitor, 10 mL (Nippon Zenyaku Kohgyo Co., Ltd., Fukushima, Japan); dolmicam injection, 10 mg (Astellas Pharma Inc, Tokyo, Japan); medetomidine antagonists (Antisedan^®, 10 mL; Nippon Zenyaku Kohgyo Co., Ltd. Japan and Betolphal^®, 5 mg (Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan) and saline in the proportions of 1.875 mL, 2 mL, 2.5 mL, and 18.625 mL, respectively, in a 25 mL preparation), and saline at a ratio of 0.15 mL and 9.85 mL, respectively, in a 10 mL volume, which was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 0.1 mL per 10 g of body weight for deep an-esthesia and pain relief. An incision was made in the anterior aspect of the knee joint to expose the joint capsule, and then, the ACL was cut by penetrating the capsule with a shear blade from the medial side of the patellar tendon. In the CAJM model, the femur and tibia were perforated and looped with 3-0 nylon thread to control the anterior instability of the tibia [24 (link)]. In the ACL-T group, the instability of the tibia was not limited by loosely applying nylon thread loops.

Acetone, diethylether, magnesium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, dichloromethane, chlorobenzene, toluene, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethylbenzene, butylbenzene, hexylbenzene, phenyloctane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform, n-hexane were purchased from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan), methyl pentafluorobenzoate (MPFB), diethyl amine, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS), d-( +)-trehalose dihydrate from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan), sodium azide, N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDAC), d-( +)-glucose, maltose monohydrate, sucrose from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan), C₆₀-fullerene (C60), C₇₀-fullerene (C70), dextran (Mw = 1,000) (glucose homopolymer) from Sigma-Aldrich Japan (Tokyo, Japan), 2-AB Dextran Calibration Ladder (2-AB labeled glucose homopolymer) from Waters (USA), respectively. Deionized water was obtained by a Milli-Q Direct-Q 3UV system (Merck Millipore, Tokyo, Japan). Silica monolithic capillaries (ULTRON HF-SIL, ULTRON HF-ODS) were purchased from Shinwa Chemical Industries Ltd. (Kyoto, Japan). Porous graphite carbon column (PGC column) was purchased from Thermo Fischer Scientific USA).