The cathepsin B inhibitor CA-074 (PeptaNova, Sandhausen, Germany) and a newly developed cathepsin B inhibitor, called inhibitor 17 25 (link), were dissolved in a 1:9 mixture of acetone/Miglyol 812 (SASOL), and 20 μL of the 0.1 mM CA-074 or 0.1 mM inhibitor 17 solution was applied topically to the right ear every 24 h starting three days prior to the first TNCB ear challenge. As the sham-treatment, we used a 9:1 mixture of acetone/Miglyol 812 (SASOL).
Miglyol 812
Manufactured by Sasol
Sourced in Germany, United States
Miglyol 812 is a laboratory equipment product. It is a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil that is commonly used as an excipient in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. Miglyol 812 is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid with a specific gravity of approximately 0.95 g/mL.
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Lab products found in correlation
Poloxamer 188, by BASF (3 mentions)
De oiled lecithin from soy, by Cargill (2 mentions)
Precirol ato 5, by Gattefosse (2 mentions)
Bistris, by Carl Roth (2 mentions)
Rpmi 1640 medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by Vetec (1 mentions)
Diethyl ether, by Vetec (1 mentions)
Sodium thiosulfate, by Vetec (1 mentions)
Potassium biphthalate, by Labsynth (1 mentions)
Potassium dichromate, by Labsynth (1 mentions)
Tween 20, by Vetec (1 mentions)
Butylhyldroxytoluene, by Labsynth (1 mentions)
Buthylhydroxyanisole, by Labsynth (1 mentions)
Mucin type 2 mucin from porcine stomach, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Span 80, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Vetec (1 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Vetec (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Vetec (1 mentions)
26 protocols using miglyol 812
1
Topical Cathepsin B Inhibitor Application
2
Characterization of Bullfrog Oil Properties
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Bullfrog oil was provided by Asmarana Produtos Naturais (Natal, Brazil). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), potassium hydroxide, diethyl ether, hydrochloric acid (HCl), Tween® 20, sodium thiosulfate, and sodium carbonate were from VETEC (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Miglyol® 812 was a gift from Sasol (Witen, Germany). Butylhyldroxytoluene (BHT), buthylhydroxyanisole, potassium biphthalate, potassium dichromate, and Wijs solution were purchased from Labsynth (São Paulo, Brazil). Acetic acid, ethanol P.A, sodium bicarbonate, potassium iodide, starch, and chloroform were from Isofar (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Sucralose, Tutti-frutti flavoring and Acesulfame K were purchased from Valdequímica (São Paulo, Brazil). Xanthan gum, sodium benzoate and propylparaben were from ViaFarma (São Paulo, Brazil). Phenolphthalein was provided from Biotec Chemicals (Londrina, Brazil). Mucin Type II (Mucin from porcine stomach) and Span® 80 were from Sigma-Aldrich (São Paulo, Brazil).
3
Lipid-based Nanocarrier Formulation Development
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Capmul MCM was a kind gift from Abitec Corporation, USA. Miglyol 812 and Miglyol 840 were obtained from Sasol, Germany. Capryol 90 and Labrafac FCC were kind gifts from Gattefosse Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India. Phospholipids were obtained as kind gift samples from Lipoid, Germany. Tween 20, Tween 80 and stearylamine were obtained from S.D. Fine Chem. Ltd., Mumbai, India. Solutol HS 15 and Poloxamer 188 were obtained from BASF, Mumbai, India. MYS 40 was obtained from Nikko Chemicals Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. Didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) and Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were purchased from Fluka Chemicals (New Jersey, USA). Ethanol was purchased from S.D.Fine Chem. Ltd., Mumbai, India and Glycerol from Qualigens, Mumbai, India.
4
Taxol-Loaded Nanoparticle Formulation
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Polyoxyl 20-stearyl ether (Brij 78) was purchased from Uniqema (Wilmington, DE, USA). D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol-1000 succinate (Vitamin E-TPGS) was purchased from Eastman Chemicals (Kingsport, TN, USA). Miglyol 812 was purchased from Sasol (Witten, Germany). PX powder was bought from LC Laboratories (Woburn, MA, USA). Taxol was purchased from Hospira Inc. (Lake Forest, IL, USA). Sodium fluoride, 2-bromohexadecanoic acid and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Sepharose CL-4B was acquired from GE Healthcare Life Sciences (Uppsala, Sweden). The tubulin polymerization assay kit was purchased from Cytoskeleton Inc. (Denver, CO, USA). D-luciferin potassium salt, A549-luc-c8 cell line and Caliper IVIS Lumina II were from Caliper (Hopkinton, MA, USA). Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium and Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). Matrigel was obtained from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA).
5
Extraction of Rapeseed Press-Cake
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Industrially cold-pressed rapeseed press-cake (B. napus) was a kind gift from Gunnarshögs Jordbruk AB, Hammenhög, Sweden, a producer of cold-pressed rapeseed oil. The oil temperature during extraction did not exceed 35 °C and no solvents were used during extraction. Citric acid (C6H8O7, CAS 77-92-9) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Miglyol 812 was purchased from Sasol (Witten, Germany). De-oiled lecithin from soy was purchased from Cargill (Minneapolis, MN, USA). All other chemicals were of analytical grade.
6
Buprenorphine Suspension for Rodent Analgesia
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The buprenorphine-free control suspension consisted of cholesterol and glycerol tristearate (96:4) suspended in medium-chain triglyceride oil (8 mg/100 uL). The drug suspension consisted of buprenorphine, cholesterol, glycerol tristearate, suspended in medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil, and Miglyol 812, (Sasol, Hamburg Germany), 8 mg/100 uL, trade name Animalgesics for Mice. Control and drug suspensions were supplied by Animalgesics Labs (Millersville MD). To limit stress associated with constraining conscious animals for SC injections, rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal (IP) solution of ketamine, 80 mg/kg, and xylazine, 8 mg/kg, in a saline solution containing 14.25% ethyl alcohol. Each rat was injected with the designated dose of test article or buprenorphine-free control suspension before they recovered from anesthesia. The dose was administered SC on the mid-dorsal area about 1 cm rostral to the surgical incision using a 21 gauge needle (BD, Franklin NJ) attached to a 1 mL BD Tuberculin syringe. Following dose administration, animals were transferred to a clean cage on a heating pad until recovered. Once the animal regained consciousness and demonstrated normal movement, and with the absence of signs of distress, it was returned to its home cage. Posttreatment distress was not observed.
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers
8
Synthesis and Characterization of Polysaccharide Conjugates
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The main structures of the polymers used here are presented in Table 1. Dextran FP40 (M w ~40 kg/mol, Ð=1.34) was purchased from SERVA and Pullulan 20 (M w ~20 kg/mol, Ð=1.09) was purchased from Shodex. All other polysaccharides were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, i.e. Dextran 1 (M w ~1 kg/mol, Ð=1.26), sold as a standard for SEC purposes, Fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran and Biotin-dextran (both M w estimated at 70 kg/mol). Poly(N-[7-(α-D-mannopyranosyloxy)heptyl]meth-acrylamide-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(HMM 206 -co-GMA 17 , PHG) was prepared by RAFT polymerization as described in the literature (M w ~77 kg/mol, Ð=1.10). 18, 20 Acetone (99.5%) was purchased from Carlo Erba and Miglyol 812 from SASOL (Germany).
Avidin extracted from egg white (98%), (S)-(+)-Camptothecin (CPT, 90%, HPLC), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI, 98%), water (HPLC grade) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without further purification. Amino-functionalized biotin was obtained by deprotonating biotin ethylenediamine hydrobromide (Sigma-Aldrich, 95%) by adding 1.5 eq. of triethylamine (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%). Turbo beads PEG amine was purchased from TurboBeads (30 mg/mL, d = 30 nm).
Dialysis membranes (Mw cut-off 1000 Da and 300 KDa) were purchased from Spectrum Laboratories, Inc.
Avidin extracted from egg white (98%), (S)-(+)-Camptothecin (CPT, 90%, HPLC), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI, 98%), water (HPLC grade) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without further purification. Amino-functionalized biotin was obtained by deprotonating biotin ethylenediamine hydrobromide (Sigma-Aldrich, 95%) by adding 1.5 eq. of triethylamine (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%). Turbo beads PEG amine was purchased from TurboBeads (30 mg/mL, d = 30 nm).
Dialysis membranes (Mw cut-off 1000 Da and 300 KDa) were purchased from Spectrum Laboratories, Inc.
9
Starch-Based Emulsifier Formulations
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The native waxy maize starch used was supplied by Lyckeby Culinar, Sweden. The oil used was the Miglyol 812, a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil with a density of 945 kg/m3 (Sasol Germany). While the water phase was a 5 mM phosphate buffer with 0.2 M NaCl with a density of 1009.6 kg/m3. The n-octenyl succinyl anhydride (OSA) was obtained from Trigon Chemie, Germany.
The three different starch emulsifiers utilised in this study include; Starch granules based emulsions (SGE); Dissolved starch-based emulsions (DSE); and non-solvent precipitated starch-based emulsions (NPSE). The preparation of these emulsifiers is described below. All starches were OSA-modified.
The three different starch emulsifiers utilised in this study include; Starch granules based emulsions (SGE); Dissolved starch-based emulsions (DSE); and non-solvent precipitated starch-based emulsions (NPSE). The preparation of these emulsifiers is described below. All starches were OSA-modified.
10
Inducing and Evaluating Cutaneous DTHR in Mice
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We sensitized mice on the shaved abdomen (size, approximately 2 cm × 2 cm) by applying 80 μL of 5% TNCB dissolved in a 4:1 mixture of acetone/Miglyol 812 (SASOL, Witten, Germany). To elicit acute cutaneous DTHR, the animals were challenged with 20 μL of 1% TNCB (dissolved in a 1:9 mixture of acetone/Miglyol 812) on both sides of the right ear seven days later. The TNCB ear challenge was repeated every 2-3 days on the right ear, up to five times, to induce chronic cutaneous DTHR. As a control, naïve (nonsensitized) mice were challenged with 1% TNCB on the right ear (irritant-toxic reaction). We measured the ear thickness with a micrometer (Kroeplin, Schlüchtern, Germany) and quantified ear swelling by subtracting the ear thickness before ear challenge from the ear thickness 12 h to 24 h after ear challenge.
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