Noradrenaline (NA) (Merck, India), phenylephrine (PE) hydrochloride (Sigma, USA), and prazosin (MP Biochemicals, India) were the drugs employed for isometric contraction study. The drug solutions were prepared fresh in triple distilled water except NA and prazosin, which were soluble in 0.1N HCl solution. The following components such as 100 bp DNA ladder (SRL, India), 1x gel-loading dye (SRL, India), acrylamide (SRL, India), ammonium persulfate (SRL, India), chloroform (SRL, India), diethyl pyrocarbonate (Genetix, India), dNTPs (Applied Biosystem, USA), ethidium bromide (Sigma, USA), high capacity cDNA synthesis kit (Applied Biosystems, USA), isopropanol (E-Merck, India), multi scribe reverse transcriptase (Applied Biosystem, USA), nuclease-free water (Promega, UK), RNAase Zap (Life Technologies, USA), RNAlater (Life Technologies, USA), SYBR Green (Applied Biosystem, USA), Taq DNA polymerase (Applied Biosystem, USA), and trizol reagent (Ambion, USA) were used for RT-PCR study.
Phenylephrine hydrochloride pe
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) is a synthetic sympathomimetic amine used as a decongestant and as a mydriatic agent. It is a crystalline solid that is soluble in water.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetylcholine chloride ach, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethidium bromide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nuclease free water, by Promega (1 mentions)
High capacity cdna synthesis kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Trizol reagent, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Rnalater, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Taq dna polymerase, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sybr green, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Multiscribe reverse transcriptase, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Isopropanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hippuryl l histidyl l leucine hhl, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ang 2, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tween 80, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Indomethacin hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetylcholine chloride, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Verapamil hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Norepinephrine bitartrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nω nitro l arginine methyl ester hydrochloride l name, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Diltiazem, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetylcholine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
10 protocols using phenylephrine hydrochloride pe
1
Isometric Contraction and RT-PCR Analysis
2
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Assay
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All chemicals used were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany) except for 95% aqueous ethanol which was purchased from R & M Marketing (Essex, UK). Phenylephrine (PE) hydrochloride, acetylcholine (ACh) chloride, Ang I, Ang II, BK, ACE, hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine (HHL), and Tween® 80 were from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antagonists of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), PD 123319, and Mas receptor, A-779, were from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland) and Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK), respectively.
3
Vasodilation and Vasoconstriction Protocols
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The following drugs and standards were procured from the source specified: acetylcholine chloride ≥98% (Alfa Aesar Gmbh & Co, Karlsruhe, Germany), atropine sulphate monohydrate >98% (Fluka-AG, Buchs, Switzerland), potassium chloride, phenylephrine (PE) hydrochloride ≥98%, norepinephrine bitartrate ≥98%, Nω-nitro-l -arginine methyl ester (l -NAME) hydrochloride ≥98%, verapamil hydrochloride ≥99%, indomethacin hydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich Inc., St. Louis, MO) and ethylene glycol-O-O′-bis(2-aminoethyl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) ≥ 97% (Alfa Aesar, Heysham, UK). Stock solutions of all the chemicals were made in distilled water and diluted freshly when required.
4
Vasoactive Compound Evaluation Protocol
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All chemicals were of analytical grade (Merck). Phenylephrine (PE) hydrochloride, acetylcholine (ACh), NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), indomethacin, ruthenium red (RR), heparin (HP), tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), glibenclamide, and diltiazem were obtained from Sigma (Germany).
5
Vascular Pharmacology Using Standard Drugs
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EGT, potassium chloride (KCl), acetylcholine hydrochloride (ACh), phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE), serotonin hydrochloride (5-HT) and HgCl2 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). All drugs were dissolved in saline (0.9% NaCl).
6
Investigating Vasoactive Agents in Aortic Rings
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Hippurate and mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (mdivi-1) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). These agents were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a stock solution and the final working concentration of DMSO was < 0.1% (v/v). Acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich for assessment of relaxation in aortic rings. Primary antibodies information (name, company, catalogue number, molecular weight) was shown in Supplemental Table 1 .
7
Isolated Rat Aorta Protocol
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For chemicals, acetylcholine chloride (ACh), cesium chloride (CsCl), p-cymene (Figure 1 ), glibenclamide, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE), tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and barium chloride (BaCl2) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All salts used in Krebs solution were purchased from Vetec QuímicaFina Ltda. (Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil). p-Cymene was dissolved in DMSO (100%) and diluted in distilled water according to the requirements of each experiment.
For all experiments with isolated rat aorta, Krebs salt solution was used, with the composition and concentration (in mM) as follows: NaCl (118), KCl (4.6), MgSO4·7H2O (5.7), NaH2PO4·H2O (1.1), CaCl2 (2.5), NaHCO3 (25), and glucose (11) with pH adjusted to 7.4 with 1 N HCl solution.
For all experiments with isolated rat aorta, Krebs salt solution was used, with the composition and concentration (in mM) as follows: NaCl (118), KCl (4.6), MgSO4·7H2O (5.7), NaH2PO4·H2O (1.1), CaCl2 (2.5), NaHCO3 (25), and glucose (11) with pH adjusted to 7.4 with 1 N HCl solution.
8
Isolation and Characterization of Mammalian Cells
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Niclosamide (Sigma Aldrich, Lot#: 047M4946V), phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) (Sigma Aldrich, CAT#: P6126), acetylcholine chloride (Ach) (Sigma Aldrich, Lot #:BCCD7863), amphotericin B (Gibco, Lot #: 2419073), and collagenase type 2 (Worthington, CAT#: LS004177). Other reagents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich unless otherwise specified.
9
Measurement of Baroreflex Sensitivity in Rats
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As described in our previous study (Tan et al., 2022 (link)), rats were anesthetized with urethane (800 mg/kg, ip) and α-chloralose (40 mg/kg, ip). The mean arterial pressure (MAP)/heart rate (HR) were recorded in anesthetized rats by femoral artery cannulation using Power Lab system (AD Instruments, Australia). The method for measuring BRS was based on previous studies reported (Lu et al., 2015 (link); Jun et al., 2023 (link)). Briefly, rats were anesthetized with urethane (800 mg/kg, ip) and α-chlorose (40 mg/kg, ip). Bradycardia was induced by intravenous injection of the α-adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE; Sigma, United States). PE (25 μg/kg) injected intravenously to elevate arterial blood pressure and induces bradycardia. For each response, the change in heart rate (∆HR) to the change in blood pressure (∆MAP) was used as an index of BRS.
10
Pharmacological Evaluation of Compounds
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Phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE), ACh, L-NNA, ODQ, TEA, BaCl2, 4-AP, butyric acid, furfural and vanillin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Indomethacin was obtained from Calbiochem (Darmstadt, Germany). Glibenclamide was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). CPA was obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA).
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