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10 protocols using sl050

1

Immunofluorescence Staining of Hippocampal Tissue

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The brain tissue fixed for at least 24 hours was transferred into 30% sucrose solution for dehydration for 48 hours. After sinking to the bottom, the brains were cut into 30 μm-thick coronal slices using a freezing microtome (Leica, CM1950), and the brain slices with an intact hippocampus were stored in the freezing solution (PBS: ethylene glycol: glycerin = 5:3:2) and stored at -20 °C.
The brain slices were washed 3 times in PBS for 5 min each time, following by treating in 0.1% Triton X-100 (Beyotime Biotechnology, ST795) for 20 min. Then the slices were placed in 10% donkey serum (Solarbio, SL050) diluted with PBS and blocked for 1 h at room temperature. After incubated with the primary antibody [rabbit anti-iBA1 (Fujifilm, 019-19741, 1:600)] overnight at 4°C, the slices were washed 3 times in PBS. Then the secondary antibody [Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Abcam, ab150077, 1:500)] was applied for 1 h at room temperature, and the slices were washed 3 times in PBS. The nuclei were finally counterstained for 10 min with 1 μg/ml DAPI (Beyotime Biotechnology, C1002), and slides were mounted with anti-fluorescence quenching sealing tablets. The slides were visualized with a fluorescence microscope (BioTek, Cytation5), and images were collected with a MicroImaging System (BioTek, Cytation5). Finally, the images acquired were analyzed using Image J software.
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2

Nerve Degeneration Detection Technique

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The slice preparations were followed by previously described. One slice from each segment was stained with Masson’s trichrome to locate the ablation sites. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were used to detect the efferent sympathetic, parasympathetic and afferent sensory nerves.
After dewaxing, gradient hydrating, antigen retrieval and endogenous peroxidase removal, the serial slices were homologous serum (AR1009, BOSTER, used at 10%; SL050, Solarbio, Beijing, China, used at 10%) blocked and then incubated overnight at 4 °C with TH polyclonal antibody (AB117112, Abcam, used at 1:500), monoclonal anti-CGRP (C7113, Sigma, used at 1:200) and nNOS (AB1376, Abcam, used at 1:200), respectively; then, they were incubated with the corresponding secondary antibodies (PV-6000, PV-9000, Origene; A0181, Beyotime) at 37 °C for 30 min. DAB solution (G1212, Servicebio Technology, Wuhan, China) and hematoxylin dye (G1004, Servicebio Technology, Wuhan, China) were used successively for chromogenic reaction and staining. A fluorescence microscope (OLYMPUS, BX53, Japan) was used for imaging. Absent or low expression indicated that the nerves were completely or partially destroyed.
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3

Immunohistochemical detection of Arg-1 and iNOS

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After deparaffinization of tissue sections, endogenous peroxidase blocker (PV‐9001; Zhongshan Golden Bridge) was added for 15 min to block endogenous peroxidase activity. After preincubation with 10% normal donkey serum (SL050; Solarbio) for 10 min in a microwave processor, slides were incubated overnight at 4°C with the primary antibodies, anti‐liver arginase antibody (Arg‐1, 1:200; Abcam) and anti‐inducible nitric oxide synthase antibody (iNOS, 1:200; Abcam). Then the slides were titrated with 100 µL enhanced enzyme‐labeled goat anti‐rabbit IgG polymer (PV‐9001; Zhongshan Golden Bridge) for 10 min. The results were detected with a light microscope.
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4

Visualizing β-Catenin Localization in Colorectal Cancer

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For each treatment, a 300 µL cell suspension (105 cells/mL) was seeded in an Eight-well Glass Chamber Slide (#80806, Ibidi, Grafelfing, Germany). Bufalin (40 nM) was added the next day and the medium was discarded after a specific time point (24 h for HCT116 and DLD1, and 48 h for SW480 and HCT15). The slides were then washed with cold PBS 3 times and fixed with neutral-buffered formalin for 10 min. The cell membrane was then permeabilized with 0.1% Triton-X (#KGF011, Keygen, Nanjing, Jiangsu, CN) for 10 min, washed with cold PBS 3 times and incubated with β-catenin primary antibody (aAb32672, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) diluted in 10% donkey serum (#SL050, Solarbio, Beijing, CN) overnight at 4 °C. The following day, the primary antibody was removed and the cells were washed with cold PBS 3 times. FITC-conjugated secondary antibody (donkey anti-rabbit IgG; #ab150073, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) diluted in 10% donkey serum was then added and incubated in darkness for 1 h. Next, the wells were washed 3 times with cold PBS and DAPI counterstaining was performed according to manufacturer instructions (#C1005, Beyotime, Shanghai, CN). Photos were taken at a magnification of 40x with a Leica DMI4000 B fluorescent microscope (Wetzlar, Germany). DAPI and FITC images were merged using ImageJ.
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5

Histological Analysis of Spinal Cord Injury

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Rats were anesthetized with 2% pentobarbital sodium, and the blood was removed by transcardial perfusion with PBS. A 5-mm segment of spinal cord tissue surrounding the injury site was harvested for histological analysis after perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde. The spinal cord segment was then embedded in OCT embedding agent, and 16 μm sagittal sections were obtained using a microtome (RM2235, Leica, Germany). The sections were blocked in 10% donkey serum containing 0.3% Triton X-100 (SL050 and T8200, Solarbio, China) at room temperature for 1 h, followed by overnight incubation with primary antibodies at 4 °C. The primary antibodies included mouse anti-NF200 (1:500, ab213128, Abcam, USA), rabbit anti-GFAP (1:200, 16825-1-AP, Proteintech, China), mouse anti-hBcl2 (1:100, NBP2-15200, Novus, USA), and rabbit anti-cleaved caspase3 (1:100, ab32042, Abcam, USA). Then, the sections were incubated with secondary antibodies at room-temperature for 1 h. The secondary antibodies used were donkey anti-mouse Alexa Fluor 555, donkey anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor 488, and donkey anti-mouse Alexa Fluor 488, donkey anti- rabbit Alexa Fluor 555 (1:500, Termo Fisher Scientific, USA). Finally, the sections were stained with DAPI to label the nuclei. The images of the sections were acquired using a Zeiss LSM 900 confocal microscope system and a Zeiss Axio Scope A1 fluorescence microscope.
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6

Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analysis

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Tissue samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned (4 µm in thickness) for IHC or IF staining. Sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated, followed by inactivation of endogenous peroxidase activity with 3% H2O2(Aladdin, H112517) in methanol, blocked with 5% donkey serum (Solarbio, SL050). The sections were then incubated with the relevant primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. The samples were washed by PBS and incubated with peroxidase‐labeled secondary antibodies for 1 hour, followed by diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining (Vector Laboratories, SK‐4100).
PCa cells transfected with sg CTRL or sg TauT were plated in glass coverslips in a 24‐well culture plate. The adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 min at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.05% Triton‐100 for 10 min, blocked with 5% donkey serum for 1 h at room temperature. Next, the specimens were incubated with anti‐LXRα antibody at the dilution of 1:100 overnight. Then the specimens were washed with PBS and stained with Alexa Flour 594‐labeled second antibody at room temperature for 2 h. Specimens were counterstained with DAPI (Sigma, D9542) and mounted with DAPI‐containing media (Biosharp, BL739A). All images were captured with a microscope (Leica, DFC420C).
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7

Immunofluorescence Staining of Tissue Sections

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Remove the tissue sections from −20°C and allow to thaw at room temperature (RT) for 20 min. Dry the sections at 37°C for 1 h and recover to RT for 20 min. Rehydrate the sections by incubating in 1× PBS buffer for 15 min and draw margins around the tissue section using a ImmEdge Pen (Vector, H4000). Add 100 μL permeabilization solution containing with 0.3% (vol/vol) Triton X-100 (Sigma, T8787) in 1× PBS buffer and incubate at RT for 30 min followed by blocking with the solution containing with 5% BSA (Biofroxx, 4240GR100) or 10% donkey serum (Solarbio, SL050) and 0.1% Triton X-100. After removing the blocking solution, add 100 μL primary antibody solution immediately to each section and incubate at 4°C overnight. After primary antibody incubation, wash the sections with 1× TBST buffer (Biosharp, BL315B) at RT for three times (15 min each). Add 100 μL secondary antibody solution and incubate at RT for 1h. Wash with 1× TBST buffer at RT for three times (15 min each) and with 1× PBS buffer once shortly. Discard the PBS buffer from the sample and immediately add one drop of mounting medium containing with DAPI (Abcam, ab104139) avoiding air bubbles. Seal the edges with nail polish and keep the slides at −20°C until confocal imaging (LSM880, ZEISS).
The above procedures were referred to the protocol published by Anjali P Kusumbe et al.140 (link)
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8

Histological and Immunofluorescence Analysis of Testicular Tissue

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Testicular tissues were fixed in Bouin’s solution for histological analysis via hematoxylin and eosin staining. Testicular tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for immunofluorescence staining of cross-sections or whole mount seminiferous tubules as described previously [50 (link)]. After antigen retrieval in 10 mM sodium citrate (pH 6.0), the slides were washed and then blocked for 1 h in 10% donkey serum (Solarbio, SL050). The sections were incubated with primary antibody at 4 °C overnight and then incubated with the secondary antibody for 2 h. Specimens were mounted for observation under a Nikon fluorescence microscope (Nikon, ECLIPSE E200, Japan) equipped with a CCD camera (Tusen, China).
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9

Immunofluorescent Staining of PSCs-derived ECs

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PSCs-derived ECs/EPCs were fixed with 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde for 10 min and permeabilized with 0.1% (v/v) Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 min. After blocking with 10% (v/v) donkey serum (Solarbio, SL050) for 30 min, cells were incubated with primary following antibodies: anti-CD133 (ABclonal, 1155750301, 1:100) overnight at 4℃. Cells were washed with PBS, then incubated with secondary antibodies conjugated with Alexa-488 (Molecular Probe) and visualized by confocal microscopy. The confocal images were obtained with a Zeiss confocal micro-scope. All the images were taken at room temperature and images were analyzed using a ZEN 2.6 (blue edition).
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10

Immunofluorescence Staining of Cells and Tumor Sections

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Treated cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (w/v) for 30 min at room temperature and then incubated with normal donkey serum (1:30) for 30 min and primary antibodies (1:100) overnight at 4 °C. Cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) 3 times, and then incubated with secondary antibodies (1:200) for 1 h at 37 °C. Fluorescence was detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy Zeiss LSM700 (Germany). Frozen sections of tumors formed on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) were fixed with cold acetone for 10 min and blocked with 10% normal donkey serum (Solarbio, SL050) for 30 min at room temperature. Then frozen sections of tumors were incubated with primary antibody (1:100; LC3B, Rabbit polyclonal antibody, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) at 4 °C overnight and then corresponding secondary antibody (1:200) at 37 °C for 1 h. Frozen sections of tumors were washed 3 times with 0.1 M PBST. DAPI (1:200) was added to stain cell nucleus for 10 min and then the sections were washed 3 times with PBS. Fluorescence was detected by confocal fluorescence microscopy Zeiss LSM700 (Germany).
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