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5 protocols using anti cdc25b

1

Establishing Docetaxel-Resistant Cell Line

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The IGR-CaP1 cell line was maintained in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Docetaxel-resistant clones were selected by exposing cells to Docetaxel in a dose-escalation manner as described [33 (link)]. Surviving clones to low dose of Docetaxel were subsequently subjected to 5nM, 12nM, 25nM, 50nM, 100nM and 200nM of Docetaxel. Cells freely dividing in each dose of Docetaxel-containing media were considered resistant. Docetaxel (TAXOTERE®) was kindly provided by Sanofi-Aventis (France). NSC663284 was purchased from Calbiochem; BI2536 and CHIR-124 were purchased from Selleckchem and were resuspended in DMSO. Anti-LZTS1 (C-20), and anti-CDC25C (C-20) were obtained from Santa-Cruz Biotechnology, anti-CDC25A, anti-CDC25B, from Cell Signalling, anti-GAPDH and anti-β-actin from Sigma.
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2

Immunoblotting Protein Detection Workflow

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All samples were mixed with NuPAGE sample loading buffer (Invitrogen) and heated at 95°C for 5 min. Antibodies used for western blotting were anti-FLAG M2 (mouse, Sigma), anti-ERK2 (rabbit, Santa Cruz), anti-α-tubulin (rat, AbD Serotec), anti-PKCβ2 C-terminal (rabbit, Santa Cruz), anti-CDK1 (mouse, Santa Cruz), anti-CDC25B (rabbit, Cell Signaling Technology), and anti-pT641 PKCα/β2 (rabbit, Cell Signaling Technology). All primary antibodies were used in 5% dry milk in PBS with 0.1% Tween 20 and incubated overnight at 4°C. Horseradish peroxidase-coupled secondary anti-mouse (Dako), anti-rabbit (Fisher), and anti-rat (Santa Cruz) antibodies were detected by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL select, GE Healthcare) and Biomark X-ray (Carestream) or Super RX-N (Fujifilm) films.
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3

Western Blot Analysis of DNA Damage Response

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For each sample, 1 × 107 cells were lysed as described previously.13 Equal amounts of proteins were separated on 7.5–13% SDS‐PAGE depending on the molecular sizes of the proteins, blotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane (Amersham Biosciences, Little Chalfon, UK) and blocked with 5% non‐fat drymilk in PBS/Tween (0.05% Tween‐20 in PBS). The following antibodies were used: anti‐ATM (D2E2), anti‐phospho‐ATM (10H11.E12), anti‐ATR, anti‐phospho‐ATR, anti‐Cdc25B, anti‐Cdc25C (5H9), anti‐CDK4, anti‐CDK6, anti‐phospho‐Chk1 (Ser317), anti‐phospho‐Chk1 (133D3, Ser345), anti‐Chk2, anti‐phospho‐Chk2 (Th68), anti‐cyclin D3 and anti‐cyclin E (HE12) from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, USA); anti‐phospho‐Cdc25A (Ser178) and anti‐phospho‐Cdc25A (Ser75) from Abgent (San Diego, CA, USA); anti‐Cdc25A (Clone DCS‐120 + DCS‐121) from NeoMarkers (Thermo Scientific, UK); anti‐Chk1 (FL‐475) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Heidelberg, Germany); anti‐γH2AX (JBW301, Ser139) from Millipore (Millerica, MA); anti‐γH2AX (Alexa‐Fluor‐488) from Biozol Diagnostics (Eching, Germany) and anti‐tubulin from Sigma (St. Louis, USA).
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4

Immunoblotting Protein Detection Workflow

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All samples were mixed with NuPAGE sample loading buffer (Invitrogen) and heated at 95°C for 5 min. Antibodies used for western blotting were anti-FLAG M2 (mouse, Sigma), anti-ERK2 (rabbit, Santa Cruz), anti-α-tubulin (rat, AbD Serotec), anti-PKCβ2 C-terminal (rabbit, Santa Cruz), anti-CDK1 (mouse, Santa Cruz), anti-CDC25B (rabbit, Cell Signaling Technology), and anti-pT641 PKCα/β2 (rabbit, Cell Signaling Technology). All primary antibodies were used in 5% dry milk in PBS with 0.1% Tween 20 and incubated overnight at 4°C. Horseradish peroxidase-coupled secondary anti-mouse (Dako), anti-rabbit (Fisher), and anti-rat (Santa Cruz) antibodies were detected by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL select, GE Healthcare) and Biomark X-ray (Carestream) or Super RX-N (Fujifilm) films.
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5

Analyzing p53 and Cell Cycle Regulators

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Cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS, 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 10 mM Na2HPO4, 1.8 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.4) and lysed in radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, 1% NP-40, 0.25% deoxycholic acid, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA) containing 1 mM PMSF and 1x protease inhibitor (539134, Calbiochem). Total cell lysates were then collected by sonication of the cells followed by centrifugation at 16,000g for 5 min at 4 °C. Total cell lysates (30–50 μg) were separated by SDS-PAGE and then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were hybridized with anti-p53 (Proteintech Group), anti-p53-S15 (Cell Signaling Technology), p53-T18 (GeneTex, Inc), p53-T55 (Abcam), p53-T81 (Cell Signaling Technology), p53-T155 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc), anti-Cdc25B (Cell Signaling Technology), anti-Cdk1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc), anti-pCdk1-Y15 (Abcam), anti-p27 (GeneTex, Inc), anti-p21 (Cell Signaling Technology), anti-p16 (Proteintech Group), anti-pRB (S780, Cell Signaling Technology), or anti-RB (Proteintech Group). Horseradish-peroxidase-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit (GE Healthcare Life Sciences) or anti-mouse antibodies (Proteintech Group) were used as the secondary antibodies. The T-Pro LumiLong Plus Chemiluminescent Substrate Kit (T-Pro Biotechnology) was used to visualize the antibody-bound proteins.
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