Rats were randomized to thermal ablation (N=6) or sham ablation (N=6). All ablation experiments were performed using an FDA-approved 980-nm laser generator (Visualase, Houston, TX) (26 (link),27 (link)). Under ultrasound-guidance (logiq E9 Ultrasound, GE Healthcare), a bare 400μm core optical laser fiber with a 1.0 cm diffusing tip was inserted at the tumor margin. For the ablation group, tumors were ablated at a power setting of 3 watts for 45 seconds under continuous US-monitoring in order to generate an intentional partial ablation. The laser was not activated for sham-ablated animals.
Logiq e9 ultrasound
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United Kingdom
The Logiq E9 is an ultrasound system designed for general diagnostic imaging. It provides high-resolution imaging capabilities for a variety of clinical applications.
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6 protocols using logiq e9 ultrasound
1
Partial Thermal Ablation of Tumors
2
Partial Laser Ablation of Orthotopic HCC in Rats
3
Prostatic Calcifications: Ultrasound Assessment
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All patients underwent TRUS (Pro Focus 2202 Ultrasound System, BK-Medical, Herlev, Denmark; and LOGIQ E9 Ultrasound, GE healthcare, Tampa, FL, USA). Total prostate volume was calculated using the prolate ellipsoid formula (height × width × length × π/6).11 (link)
Prostatic calculi were viewed and scored in both axial and sagittal planes. Two investigators (DGL and SHY, each with ≥5 years of TRUS experience) independently assessed prostatic calculi. Disagreements between these two investigators were resolved by discussion with another investigator (SK), Senior Professor of Urology at Chonnam National University Hospital. In accordance with the definition of PUC suggested by Han et al.,9 (link) we defined PUC as prostatic calcification within 2 mm of the prostatic urethra on the midsagittal plane during TRUS. According to its location, PUC was categorized into one of the three types: proximal (proximal third of prostatic urethra), middle (middle third of prostatic urethra), and distal (distal third of prostatic urethra), as shown inFigure 1 Figure 2
Prostatic calculi were viewed and scored in both axial and sagittal planes. Two investigators (DGL and SHY, each with ≥5 years of TRUS experience) independently assessed prostatic calculi. Disagreements between these two investigators were resolved by discussion with another investigator (SK), Senior Professor of Urology at Chonnam National University Hospital. In accordance with the definition of PUC suggested by Han et al.,9 (link) we defined PUC as prostatic calcification within 2 mm of the prostatic urethra on the midsagittal plane during TRUS. According to its location, PUC was categorized into one of the three types: proximal (proximal third of prostatic urethra), middle (middle third of prostatic urethra), and distal (distal third of prostatic urethra), as shown in
4
Fetal Growth Restriction Doppler Assessment
5
In ovo Ultrasound Evaluation of Tumor
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On day 14 of incubation, after 240 s of cumulated CAP or sham treatment, in ovo ultrasonography was performed to assess tumor volume and vasculature as previously described by our working group [35 (link)]. The GE Healthcare Ultrasound LOGIQ E9 (GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK) 15 MHz linear transducer was used in B-Mode (Gain 35) for ultrasonographical imaging. The space between the CAM and shell opening was filled with an average of 4 mL NaCl 0.9% (w/v) to allow transduction of ultrasound waves. Tumors were visualized in both longitudinal and transversal axes to enable a consistent assessment of the tumor tissue. The respective images were frozen using the “Freeze” function and sagittal, transversal, and coronar tumor diameters were documented. Tumor volume was calculated by using the triaxial ellipsoid formula:
Intratumoral hemorrhages, resembled by areas of low echogenicity in the tumor tissue, were evaluated. The NaCl solution was removed after each measurement using an electrical pipette (INTEGRA Biosciences GmbH, Biebertal, Germany) with a 10 mL sterile tube (Greiner CELLSTAR® serological pipette, Greiner AG, Bischofsheim, Germany).
Intratumoral hemorrhages, resembled by areas of low echogenicity in the tumor tissue, were evaluated. The NaCl solution was removed after each measurement using an electrical pipette (INTEGRA Biosciences GmbH, Biebertal, Germany) with a 10 mL sterile tube (Greiner CELLSTAR® serological pipette, Greiner AG, Bischofsheim, Germany).
6
Tumor Growth Quantification using Ultrasound
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Starting from day 12 of incubation (5 days after tumor inoculation) the GE Healthcare Ultrasound LOGIQ E9 (GE Healthcare Little Chalfont, UK) 15 MHz linear transducer was used in the B-Mode (Gain 35) for ultrasonographic imaging (Fig. 1). Instead of ultrasound gel the space between the CAM and shell opening was lled with an average of 4 ml Sodium chloride (NaCl) 0.9% to allow transduction of ultrasound waves. Tumors were then visualized in both longitudinal and transversal axes to enable a three-dimensional quanti cation of the tumor size. The respective image was frozen using the "Freeze" function and the tumor length, width and thickness was measured and documented.
Color-duplex-sonography was carried out using the same methodology while the built-in Duplex mode enabled visualization of the vessels within the tumor. Video sequences were saved for o ine analysis.
For repetitive measurements, the same procedure was carried out on days 12, 13, and 14 respectively. The NaCl 0.9% solution was removed after each measurement using an electrical pipette (INTEGRA Biosciences GmbH, Biebertal, Germany) with a 10 ml sterile tube (Greiner CELLSTAR® serological pipette, Greiner AG, Bischofsheim, Germany)
Color-duplex-sonography was carried out using the same methodology while the built-in Duplex mode enabled visualization of the vessels within the tumor. Video sequences were saved for o ine analysis.
For repetitive measurements, the same procedure was carried out on days 12, 13, and 14 respectively. The NaCl 0.9% solution was removed after each measurement using an electrical pipette (INTEGRA Biosciences GmbH, Biebertal, Germany) with a 10 ml sterile tube (Greiner CELLSTAR® serological pipette, Greiner AG, Bischofsheim, Germany)
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