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Hespan

Manufactured by B. Braun
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom

Hespan is a colloid solution used for intravenous administration. It contains hydroxyethyl starch, which helps maintain blood volume and osmotic pressure. Hespan is intended for use as a plasma volume expander.

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4 protocols using hespan

1

Mobilization and Harvest of Stem Cells

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The donors were primed with G-CSF injected subcutaneously at a dose of 5 μg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days. On the sixth day, BM cells and PBSCs were harvested. The target mono-nuclear cell count was above 3×108 cells/kg of the recipient’s weight. PBSCs were collected using a blood cell separator (COBE Spectra LRS, Ceridian BCT, Inc., Lakewood, CO, USA) from a total blood volume of 150–200 mL/kg. In case of ABO major blood group compatibility, fresh and unmanipulated BM and PBSCs were immediately infused into the recipient after collection. However, in case of ABO major blood group incompatibility, the red cells were removed from the stem cells by density gradient sedimentation with Hespan according to the manufacturer’s instructions (B. Braun Medical Inc., Irvine, CA, USA). The surface markers of the graft cells were determined with monoclonal antibodies specific for CD34 using flow cytometry.
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2

Allogeneic MSC Transplantation for Patients

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All donors received human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) at a dose of 5 to 10 μg/kg/day for 4 to 5 consecutive days. Bone marrow cells were collected on day 4. The volume of the harvests was 10 to 20 mL/kg of donor. In the cases of ABO‐incompatibility, red blood cells were removed by sedimentation with Hespan (B. Braun Medical Inc., Irvine, California). Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) were harvested on day 5. The total target mononuclear cells were ≥5 × 108/kg and CD34+ cells ≥2 × 106/kg of the recipient weight. The UC‐MSC (n = 75) or BM‐MSC (n = 28) were intravenously given to patients with a uniform cell number (1 × 106/kg of the recipient weight) with donor bone marrows.
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of ITI-214

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ITI-214 (full molecular weight (phosphate salt) = 606, 6aR,9aS)-2-(4-(6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)benzyl)-5-methyl-3-(phenyl-amino)-5,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydrocyclopenta-[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyrimidin-4-(2H)-one phosphate), was synthesized by Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. (New York, NY). Its Ki for full-length recombinant r-hPDE1A, 1B, and 1C is 34, 380, and 37 pM, respectively, with 900-fold greater activity toward PDE1C isoforms compared with the next nearest PDE family enzyme, PDE4D (Ki = 33 nM), and 104-3×105 -fold selectivity toward all other PDE enzyme families28 (link). Additional pharmaceuticals were dobutamine (Hospira Inc, Lake Forest, IL), esmolol HCl (Mylan, Rockford, IL), cilostamide, MRS1754 (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK), Hespan (6% Hetastarch in 0.9% NaCl, B. Braun Medical Inc., Bethlehem, PA), forskolin, isoproterenol HCl, and 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO).
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4

Granulocyte Stimulation and Collection

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For the stimulated granulocyte donations before July 2005, donors received 5 μg/kg G-CSF as a single subcutaneous injection 12 to 24 hours before donation and/or 8 mg dexamethasone orally 12 hours before donation. After July 2005, the G-CSF dose was changed to a standard 480 μg subcutaneous injection for all donors. The dexamethasone dose remained unchanged. G-CSF/Dex has been used for granulocyte donor stimulation at our institution since 1994. Stimulated donor granulocytes were collected for use as therapeutic transfusion components, at the request of and consultation with the primary treating physician, for patients with severe neutropenia or disorders of neutrophil function and life-threatening infections unresponsive to antimicrobial agents.
Granulocyte collection procedures were performed using continuous flow centrifugation on an apheresis device (Spectra, Terumo BCT; or CS-3000, Fenwal). Seven to 7.5 liters of whole blood was processed per procedure, at a blood flow rate of 50 to 70 mL/min. A quantity of 500 mL of hydroxyethyl starch solution (Hespan, B. Braun Medical) was used as a red cell sedimenting solution and injected with 30 mL of citrate (Tricitrasol, Cytosol Laboratories) for anticoagulation of the extracorporeal circuit.
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