Rabbit monoclonal antibodies to CD4 (Cell Marque, Rocklin, CA) clone 104R-1, 1/100, high pH retrieval), mouse monoclonal antibody to FOXP3 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), clone IgG1, 1/1000, high pH retrieval), mouse polyclonal antibody to PD-1 (Abcam, IgG1 Nat105, 1/500, low pH retrieval), mouse monoclonal antibody to CTLA-4 (MyBiosource, San Diego, CA) IgG2a/k, 1/100, high pH retrieval) were used. Antibodies were diluted using a background-reducing antibody diluent buffer
S3022 (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA). A horseradish hydrogen peroxidase (HRP) linked anti-mouse and anti-rabbit secondary antibody, EnvisionTM HRP (Agilent), was used for each primary antibody species according to the manufacturer’s recommendation. Immunofluorescent signal was visualized using the TSA amplification system,
OPAL™ 7-color fluorescent IHC kit (Perkin Elmer), TSA dyes 540, 620, 650, and 690 (1:50) for ten minutes, counterstained with Spectral DAPI. All slides were imaged on the
Vectra® 3 Quantitative Pathology Imaging System (Perkin Elmer). Images were then examined using color separation and inForm® Software v2.1 (Perkin Elmer). All slides were scanned on the Vectra at 10× magnification in order to select for high-powered imaging at 20× (resolution of 0.5 μm per pixel) using
Phenochart (Perkin Elmer).
Richardson Z.A., Deleage C., Tutuka C.S., Walkiewicz M., Del Río-Estrada P.M., Pascoe R.D., Evans V.A., Reyesteran G., Gonzales M., Roberts-Thomson S., González-Navarro M., Torres-Ruiz F., Estes J.D., Lewin S.R, & Cameron P.U. (2021). Multiparameter immunohistochemistry analysis of HIV DNA, RNA and immune checkpoints in lymph node tissue. Journal of immunological methods, 501, 113198.