Sdt q600 instrument

Reagents were all obtained commercially. FTIR spectra were obtained as KBr pellets on a Perkin-Elmer 100FTIR spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer, Seer Green, UK). ¹H, ¹¹B and ¹³C and ³¹P NMR spectra were obtained on a Bruker Avance-500 spectrometer (Bruker, Coventry, UK) on samples dissolved in D₂O at 500, 160, 125 and 202 MHz, respectively. Chemical shifts are in ppm, with positive values to high frequency (downfield) of TMS (¹H, ¹³C), BF₃^.OEt₂ (¹¹B) or H₃PO₄ (³¹P). TGA and DSC were performed on an SDT Q600 instrument (TA Instruments, New Castle, DE, USA) using Al₂O₃ crucibles with a temperature ramp-rate of 10 °C per minute (25 °C to 800 °C in air). BET measurements were performed on a Gemini 2375 analyser (Norcross, GA, USA) with N₂ gas as the adsorbent. Samples were analysed between partial pressures (P/P_o) of 0.05 and 0.30. X-ray crystallography was performed at the EPSRC national crystallography service centre at Southampton University. CHN analyses were obtained from OEA Laboratories (Callingham, Cornwall, UK).

TGA was performed to estimate the OM content of each shell, using an SDT Q600 instrument (TA Instruments). Powdered samples (5–10 mg) from 5 to 10 valves for each site were placed in a ceramic crucible. The analyses were performed under a nitrogen flow of 100 mL/min with a first heating ramp from 30 to 120 °C at 10 °C min⁻¹ heating rate, an isothermal at 120° for 5 min, and a second heating ramp from 120 to 600 °C, at 10 °C min⁻¹ heating rate.

The DSC measurements coupled with TGA were performed using a TA Instruments SDT Q600 instrument in an atmosphere of nitrogen with a heating rate of 10 °C/min using standard aluminum crucibles. The applied temperature range for all samples was 25 to 600 °C, while the weight of the samples was about 5 mg.
The melting enthalpy obtained with DSC thermograms was determined from the area under the endotherms using TRIOS Software 5.2 TA Universal Data Analysis.

FTIR spectroscopy analysis was recorded with a Nicolet 6700 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) spectrometer with background subtraction. The FTIR spectra of hydrogel films were obtained using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) in the wavenumber range of 4000–750 cm⁻¹, 32 scans, and a 4 cm⁻¹ resolution (n ≥ 2).
The XPS analysis of hydrogels was performed using Mg-Kα as the excitation source at 120 W (Amicus spectrometer, Kratos, Kanagawa, Japan). All peak positions were corrected based on C 1s binding energy (285 eV).
Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses were performed using the SDT Q-600 instrument (TA Instruments Co., New Castle, Delaware). Hydrogel films of 1.5 ± 0.3 mg were tested at a heating rate of 10 °C.min⁻¹ from RT to 500 °C. The samples were loaded into an open platinum pan, and an empty cup was used as a reference. The thermal analyses were performed under the continuous flow of dry nitrogen gas (30 mL.min⁻¹) (n ≥ 2).
Scanning electron microscopy images were taken from the surface of hydrogels using a FEI–Inspect S50 microscope (FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA). Before analysis, samples were coated with a thin gold film by sputtering, using a low deposition rate to avoid sample damage.

The thermal properties were analysed with differential scanning calorimeter Q2000 (TA) equipped with an auto sampler at a heating rate of 10 °C min^–1 in the temperature range 25–200 °C. Tzero aluminum pans were used for the measurement. The thermogravimetric analysis was performed with SDT Q600 instrument (TA) at a heating rate of 10 °C min^–1 using aluminum pans. The temperature range was 20–800 °C and dry N₂ gas was used as carrier gas.

The molecular structure of SD-SEAL was characterized by infrared spectroscopy which was recorded with a Nicolet 6700 FT-IR spectrometer (NEXUS, USA), scanning from 400 to 4000 cm⁻¹ with a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹ in transmission using KBr pellets. The KBr pellets were prepared by pressing mixtures of 1 mg of SD-SEAL powder and 100 mg of KBr. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements of SD-SEAL were acquired with a JEM-2100UHR electron microscope (JEOL, Japan). SD-SEAL solution with a concentration of 0.1 g/mL was dropped onto carbon-coated copper grids and dried in air. The microscopic morphology of shale was observed with an S-4800 field emission scanning electron microscope (Hitachi, Japan). The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the SD-SEAL was performed on an SDT Q600 instrument (TA Instrument, USA). The sample was heated at a rate of 20 °C/min in nitrogen flow of 50 mL/min.

SDT Q600 instrument (TA Instruments, New Castle, DE) was used to characterize the melting point of DCN and its ion-pair complexes. About 4 mg of drugs were placed in a standard aluminum crucible with a heating range of 25–350 °C and a heating rate of 10 °C·min⁻¹. All samples were tested under the protection of 50 mL·min⁻¹ of nitrogen flow.