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8 protocols using mab341

1

Immunostaining Protocols for Neuronal Markers

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The following antibodies and dilutions were used: rabbit anti-βIV-spectrin (1:1000, lab-generated16 (link)), rabbit anti-total ankyrin-G (1:1000, lab-generated63 (link)), goat anti-total ankyrin-G (1:1000, lab-generated 16 (link)), rabbit anti-KCNQ2N1 (1:500 64 (link)), rabbit anti-NaV (1:500, Sigma S6936), rabbit anti-neurofascin FNIII (1:500, lab generated 65 (link)), mouse anti-NeuN (1:1000, Sigma MAB377), mouse anti-caspr (1:1000, Neuromab 75-001), guinea pig anti-vGAT (1:1000, Synaptic Systems 131004), mouse anti-GABAA receptor β2-3 (1:1000, Sigma, MAB341), mouse anti-parvalbumin (1:1000, Sigma P3088), rabbit anti-calbindin (1:1000, Swant CB-38a). Antibodies against KCNQ2 were used to label heteromeric KCNQ2/3 channels at the AIS 64 (link). Fluorescently conjugated secondary antibodies Alexa Fluor 488, 568, or 647 (1:250, Life Technologies) and Alexa Fluor 594-Streptavidin (1:1000, Jackson ImmunoResearch 016-580-084). The following reagents were used: FBS, Poly-D-lysine, Laminin, Paraformaldehyde, DNase, Urea, and N-ethylmaleimide were from Sigma-Aldrich. B27 supplement, GlutaMAX, Penicillin-Streptomycin, Neurobasal-A, Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution, Trypsin, Hepes, Lipofectamine 2000 and Prolong Gold Antifade Reagent were from Life Technologies. Bovine serum albumin was from Gemini Bioproducts. Tween 20 was from Calbiochem.
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2

Immunostaining Protocols for Neuronal Markers

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The following antibodies and dilutions were used: rabbit anti-βIV-spectrin (1:1000, lab-generated16 (link)), rabbit anti-total ankyrin-G (1:1000, lab-generated63 (link)), goat anti-total ankyrin-G (1:1000, lab-generated 16 (link)), rabbit anti-KCNQ2N1 (1:500 64 (link)), rabbit anti-NaV (1:500, Sigma S6936), rabbit anti-neurofascin FNIII (1:500, lab generated 65 (link)), mouse anti-NeuN (1:1000, Sigma MAB377), mouse anti-caspr (1:1000, Neuromab 75-001), guinea pig anti-vGAT (1:1000, Synaptic Systems 131004), mouse anti-GABAA receptor β2-3 (1:1000, Sigma, MAB341), mouse anti-parvalbumin (1:1000, Sigma P3088), rabbit anti-calbindin (1:1000, Swant CB-38a). Antibodies against KCNQ2 were used to label heteromeric KCNQ2/3 channels at the AIS 64 (link). Fluorescently conjugated secondary antibodies Alexa Fluor 488, 568, or 647 (1:250, Life Technologies) and Alexa Fluor 594-Streptavidin (1:1000, Jackson ImmunoResearch 016-580-084). The following reagents were used: FBS, Poly-D-lysine, Laminin, Paraformaldehyde, DNase, Urea, and N-ethylmaleimide were from Sigma-Aldrich. B27 supplement, GlutaMAX, Penicillin-Streptomycin, Neurobasal-A, Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution, Trypsin, Hepes, Lipofectamine 2000 and Prolong Gold Antifade Reagent were from Life Technologies. Bovine serum albumin was from Gemini Bioproducts. Tween 20 was from Calbiochem.
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Neuronal Proteins

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Equal amounts of samples measured with BCA assay (Thermo Scientific #23225), were loaded into Bolt 4–12% Bis-Tris gels (Life Technologies). Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane (Life Technologies) overnight, blocked with 5% milk (or 5% BSA for surface biotinylation), and incubated with primary antibodies against GABAAR β2/3 (Millipore #MAB341, 1:500), β-PIX (Millipore #07–1450-I, 1:1000), β-actin (Cell Signaling #4970, 1:1000), c-myc (Sigma-Aldrich #4439, 1:1000) and V5 (Cell Signaling #13202, 1:1000) either for 2 hour at room temperature or overnight at 4°C. For western blot experiments after Co-IP experiments that were done using primary neurons, secondary antibodies that were light chain specific were used to avoid imaging heavy chain of IgG (Jackson Immunoresearch Laboratories, #115–605-174; 1:800 and #211–602-171; 1:800). For western blot experiments after surface biotinylation, HRP-linked secondary antibody was used (Cell signaling, #7076, 1:2000). For the rest of the western blot experiments, Alexa Fluor-647 secondary IgG F(ab’)2 fragment antibodies (Cell Signaling, #4414 and #4410; 1:5000) were used. Secondary antibodies were incubated with membrane for 1 hour at room temperature. Blots were imaged using a Chemidoc MP imaging system (Bio Rad) and analyzed using the ImageJ 1.48 gel analyzer tool [53 (link)].
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4

Quantitative Analysis of Synaptic Proteins

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Primary hippocampal neurons were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS for 10 min and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 2 min before incubation with primary VGlut1 (Abcam, ab104898, 1:1000), PSD95 (Abcam, ab2723, 1:1000), VGAT (SANTA CRUZ, sc-49574, 1:500) and surface GABAARβ2/3 (Millipore, MAB341, 1:500) antibodies, followed by incubation of Alexa Fluor-conjugated 488 (FITC) and 568 (CY3) secondary antibodies. Z-stacked images were acquired on Olympus FV1000 BX61WI laser scanning confocal microscope. The integrated puncta intensity of these proteins was analyzed using Matlab software. The experiment was repeated at least 3 times from independent cultures.
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5

Visualization of GABA Receptor Subunits

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Adult mice were anesthetized using isoflurane, followed by transcardial perfusion of 20 ml ice-cold 4% paraformaldehyde. Brains were removed and postfixed at 4 °C overnight, then cryoprotected in 30% sucrose at 4 °C for 48 hours. Brain sections of 50 µm thickness were cut using a microtome and stored at −20 °C prior to immunostaining. Slices were incubated in rabbit monoclonal anti-HA antibody (1:500; Cell Signaling, #3724) in PBS with 0.3% Triton X and 4% horse serum at 4 °C for 48 h, followed by 2 h incubation in IRDye800-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (1:1000; Li-COR). Immunolabeled slices were mounted using glycerol/propyl gallate and scanned with a resolution of 42 µm using the Odyssey imaging system (LI-COR). To study the cellular expression of GABAA receptor subunits, the brains were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 min, and maintained in 30% sucrose before sectioning on a cryostat at 30 µm before staining. The rabbit anti-α1 antibody (1:100; Abcam, #ab33299), the mouse anti-β2/3 (1:200 ; Millipore, #MAB341) antibody, and the nuclei staining reagent To-pro-3 (1:500) were used 20 (link). The images were acquired under confocal microscopy with objective of 63X and analyzed by ImageJ.
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6

Immunocytochemistry of Transfected GABA Receptors

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HEK293 cells or COS-7 cells (50,000) were seeded and grown overnight on poly-L-lysine (0.1 mg/ml; P6282-Sigma) coated 13-mm glass coverslips in 24-well plates. Lipofectamine or Effectene was introduced to transfect cells with myc-tagged α1, β3, and γ2 DNA (500 ng) for 24 h. Cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde (4 %; 158127-Sigma-Aldrich)/sucrose (4 %) in PBS (PFA) for 10 min at room temperature. PBS was used to wash cells by rinsing twice and washing for 5 min 3 times. Cells were incubated with glycine (0.3 M) in PBS for 10 min at room temperature to block unreacted PFA, washed with PBS, and incubated with Triton X-100 (0.5%) in PBS to permeabilize the plasma membrane. Cells were incubated with bovine serum albumin (1%; BP9704-100-Fisher-Scientific) in PBS for 30 min at room temperature to block nonspecific binding of antibodies. Primary antibodies (anti-RCAS1 (1:200), anti-CNX (1 μg/ml), anti-α1 (2.6 μg/ml), anti-β2/3 (5 μg/ml; MAB341-Millipore), or anti-myc (2 μg/ml)) were incubated overnight at 4 °C. Cells were washed with PBS, incubated with 1% BSA/PBS to block nonspecific binding, followed by incubation with secondary antibodies and phalloidin for 1 h at room temperature. Cells were washed in PBS, and coverslips were mounted with Prolong antifade reagent (P36930-Invitrogen). Images were acquired with Zeiss LSM 710 confocal microscope.
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7

Internalization of GABAA Receptor Subunits

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Cell-surface receptors were labelled in living cultured neurons or in α1β2-HEK293 cells transiently transfected with the myc-γ2 cDNA, as described previously 19 (link). Briefly, coverslips were incubated with ice-cold Buffer A (mM: 150 NaCl; 3 KCl; 2 MgCl2; 10 HEPES, pH 7.4; 5 Glucose), containing 0.35 M sucrose for 5 minutes, followed by incubation with mouse anti-β2/3 antibody (MAB341-MerckMillipore) for 30 minutes at 4°C in Buffer A containing 0.35 M sucrose, 1 mM EGTA and 1% BSA. Cells were further incubated at 37°C in Buffer A containing 1 mM CaCl2 and 5 µg/ml leupeptin, in the absence or presence of diazepam (1 µM, Tocris), for 1 hour to allow internalization of the labelled β2/3 subunit-containing GABAARs. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde/4% sucrose/PBS (PFA/PBS) and processed for immunolabelling with anti-mouse Alexa-555 antibodies overnight at 4°C. Cells were subsequently permeabilized and labelled with anti-mouse Alexa-488 antibodies (Supplementary Table S1) for 1 hour at room temperature. Samples were imaged using a Zeiss LSM 710 confocal microscope as above.
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8

GABA(A) Receptor Internalization Assay

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Cell-surface receptors were labelled in living cultured neurons or in α1β2-HEK293 cells transiently transfected with the myc-γ2 cDNA, as described previously [19 (link)]. Briefly, coverslips were incubated with ice-cold Buffer A (mM: 150 NaCl; 3 KCl; 2 MgCl2; 10 HEPES, pH 7.4; 5 Glucose), containing 0.35 M sucrose for 5 min, followed by incubation with mouse anti-β2/3 antibody (MAB341-MerckMillipore) for 30 min at 4 °C in Buffer A containing 0.35 M sucrose, 1 mM EGTA and 1% BSA. Cells were further incubated at 37 °C in Buffer A containing 1 mM CaCl2 and 5 µg/ml leupeptin, in the absence or presence of diazepam (1 µM, Tocris), for 1 h to allow internalisation of the labelled β2/3 subunit-containing GABAARs. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde/4% sucrose/PBS (PFA/PBS) and processed for immunolabelling with anti-mouse Alexa-555 antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Cells were subsequently permeabilized and labelled with anti-mouse Alexa-488 antibodies (Supplementary Table S1) for 1 h at room temperature. Samples were imaged using a Zeiss LSM 710 confocal microscope as above.
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