Samples at intervals of 25–100 cm were analyzed for total organic carbon (TOC) and stable isotopes of total organic carbon (δ13C). Samples were ground into 100–200 mesh powder, and approximately 10 mg of powdered samples were placed into tin capsules. Samples were treated with 5% sulfurous acid to remove carbonate and then dried overnight in an oven at 50 °C. The samples were analyzed on a Micro Cube elemental analyzer (Elementar Analysensysteme GmbH, Hanau, Germany) interfaced to a PDZ Europa 20–20 isotope ratio mass spectrometer (The Sercon Ltd., Cheshire, UK) at The University of California Davis Stable Isotope Facility (California, USA). The analytical precision was <0.2‰ based on internal standards (including nylon, bovine liver, peach leaves, and glutamic acid) calibrated against NIST Standard Reference Materials (USGS-40, USGS-41). Our data were reported as δ13C values (‰) relative to V-PDB.
Micro cube elemental analyzer
Manufactured by Elementar
Sourced in Germany
The Micro Cube is a compact, fully automated elemental analyzer designed for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur in a wide range of solid and liquid samples. It provides reliable and accurate results with minimal sample preparation.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Equinox 55 spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Sta 449f3 instrument, by Netzsch (1 mentions)
D8 advance x ray powder diffractometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
D max iiia diffractometer, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
6540 uhd accurate mass q tof lc ms, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Spectrum two ftir, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
5 protocols using micro cube elemental analyzer
1
Organic Carbon and Isotope Analysis
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Ni(II) and Cu(II) Macrocycle Complexes
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The Ni(II) and Cu(II) macrocycle complexes were prepared following the previous report procedure [29 (link)]. All of the chemicals used in this work were commercially available and were used without further purification. Elemental analyses were carried out using an Elementar Micro Cube elemental analyzer. Infrared spectra were recorded in the 4000−400 cm−1 region using KBr pellets and a Bruker EQUINOX 55 spectrometer (Bruker, Germany). Thermogravimetric analyses were performed using a Netzsch STA 449F3 instrument (Netzsch, Germany) in flowing air at a heating rate of 10 °C·min−1. X-ray powder diffraction data were recorded using a Bruker D8 ADVANCE X-ray powder diffractometer (Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.5418 Å, Bruker, Germany). Magnetic susceptibility measurements were conducted to determine the magnetic behaviors of both complexes at 1000 G in a temperature range of 2–300 K.
3
Thermal and Magnetic Properties Analysis
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All reagents were obtained from commercial sources and used without further purification. Elemental (C, H, and N) analysis was conducted on an Elementar Micro cube elemental analyzer. Thermal analysis was performed in N2 at a heating rate of 5 °C/min using Labsys Evo TG-DTG/DSC. IR spectra with KBr pellet were recorded on PE Spectrum Two FT/IR spectrometer (400–4000 cm−1). PXRD measurements were recorded on a Rigaku D/max-IIIA diffractometer. Magnetic susceptibility was measured with a MPMS SQUID-XL magnetometer equipped with 5 T magnet within the temperature range of 2–300 K. Diamagnetic corrections were estimated using Pascal’s constants. AC susceptibility was measured and data were collected at increasing temperatures from 2 K to 10 K within frequencies ranging from 1 Hz to 1000 Hz and a drive frequency of 2.5 Oe.
4
Loess-paleosol sequence analysis in Iran
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Samples were taken from a loess-paleosol sequence in the Toshan area (N 36°49′01″/E 54°25′25″) in Golestan Province, Northern Iran. Here soils formed under different climates of the past in loess, a fine-grained aeolian deposit. For sampling of fresh, uncontaminated material five staircases were digged reaching about 0.5–3.5 m deep into the vertical exposure walls of the loess deposit25 (link) (see supplementary material and Figure S4 ). TOC and N contents were measured for this study using a MicroCube elemental analyzer (Elementar, Hanau, Germany) according to DIN ISO 10,694. Before TOC analysis carbonates were removed using HCl (15%). The pH was measured in 10 g of dry soil with 25 ml of H2O. Parameters for soil formation and indicators for different climatic periods, age, volumetric median of grain size distribution, clay content, RI, mass specific magnetic susceptibility and frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility were measured in previous studies4 (link),25 (link),26 (link) (more detail in supplemental information, and Figure S1 ).
5
Comprehensive Analytical Characterization
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Both 1H and 13C NMR spectra were collected on a Bruker Ultrashield 400 Plus 400 MHz NMR spectrometer. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were obtained on an Agilent 6540 UHD AccurateMass Q-TOF LC/MS. Elemental analyses were performed by an Elementar microcube elemental analyzer. FT-IR ATR spectra were recorded by a Perkin Elmer® FT-IR Spectrum Two instrument.
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