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50 protocols using mimics 20

1

CT-Based Computational Biomechanics Workflow

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CT data acquisition equipment: Philips MX 16-slice X-ray electron computed tomography device (Philips Electronics, Netherlands).
Software: Mimics 20 (Materialise, Belgium), Geomagic Studio 2014 (3D Systems, USA), Siemens PLM NX 12.0.0 (Siemens, Germany), ANSYS Workbench 19.2 (ANSYS, USA).
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2

3D Vertebral Fracture Modeling and Fixation

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The CT images of thoracolumbar vertebrae were imported into the three-dimensional reconstruction software mimics 20 (Materialise Company, Belgium) in DICOM format, and the three vertebral models of T12 L1 and L2 were reconstructed. Import the STL file format into Geomagic 2012 (Geomagic, USA) to build a curved surface model and perform V-shaped osteotomy on L1 vertebrae to construct a fracture model (Figure 1).
Using SolidWorks 2015 (Dassault, France) establishes a three-dimensional model of pedicle screw rod system and assembles the pedicle screw rod system and vertebral model. Three fixation models and postassembly models of pedicle screw rod system is constructed, as shown in Figure 2.
The bone and the intervertebral disc meshed into eight-node hexahedral elements with Solid 187 with a mesh size of 1 mm were chosen. There are 436283 and 711037 units in Model A, 459409 nodes and 750985 units in Model B, and 493072 nodes and 809052 cell units in Model C. The assembled entity model is imported into the software ANSYS Workbench 18.0 (ANSYS company, USA) for Boolean operation analysis. Units and nodes of model were shown in Table 1.
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3

Talus Bone Segmentation and Analysis

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Using the commercial segmentation software (Mimics 20; Materialise), talus bones have been segmented in three dimensions from each CT scan. Some of the steps in semi‐automatic segmentation are thresholding, labeling bones, region growing, filling holes inside segmentation masks and smoothing, among others. Using the same software, triangulated bone surfaces were extracted from the segmentation results. Next, triangulated bone surfaces of segmentations got exported as volumetric meshes. As the dataset used in this study was a mixture of left and right side ankles, right side ankles were mirrored in the sagittal plane. The dataset consists of 33 bone surface shapes, including 16 talus shapes with impingement diagnosis and 17 control talus shapes with no impingement diagnosed. In later steps SSM of talus bones will be generated from this set of 33 training shapes.
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3D Knee Joint Reconstruction and Prosthesis Modeling

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First, the CT images of the knee were imported into Mimics 2.0 (Materialise, Belgium), and bone tissue was extracted. The 3D model of the knee joint is reconstructed by the functions of threshold setting, region growth, image segmentation and automatic extraction in the software system. Then, the 3D model of the knee joint created in Mimics was imported into Geomagic Studio 2013 (Geomagic, Inc, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA) for model surface noise reduction and solid transformation. Using Boolean operations, the overlap and redundancy generated during the reconstruction of each structure were subtracted to ensure the fit between the reconstructed tissues, which completed the preoperative 3D model reconstruction of the knee joint (Figure 1(a)). Then, a CRONOS 3D scanner (Open Technologies, Italy) was used to scan the femoral component (cobalt-chromium-molybdenum), the tibial component (titanium) and the polymer polyethylene liner of the knee TKA prosthesis (XM, Beijing Chunli Zhengda Medical Equipment, PS Prosthesis). The "STL" format file for each component of the prosthesis was processed and converted into a "STEP" format file, which was then imported into Abaqus to generate the FEM of the prosthesis.
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5

Non-Destructive 3D Cranial Analysis of Rare Fossil

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Given the rarity of complete and well preserved skulls of C. checchiai, the non-destructive method of CT scanning36 –39 (link) was chosen to observe and analyse the internal anatomical features of the specimen sn813/lj. The fossil was scanned in its entirety in the coronal slice plane from front to back using a Philips Brilliance CT 64-channel scanner at M.G. Vannini Hospital (Rome). The scanning resulted in 670 slices with dimensions of 531 × 531 pixels. The slice thickness is 0.8 mm with an interslice space of 0.4 mm. The CT data were processed using OsiriX 5.5.2 and Materialise Mimics 20.0. The final 3D model was rendered with ZBrush 4R6.
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6

CBCT-Guided Customized BCP and PMMA Implants

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CBCT was taken for both the flat and curved defects (Alphard3030, Asahi Roentgen Ind., Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan), under a voltage of 70 KV, current of 3 mA, voxel size of 0.30 mm, 154 mm × 154 mm FOV and 360° rotation. The images were exported as digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM) files. The DICOM files were converted into stereolithographic (STL) files using image processing software (Materialise Mimics 20.0, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). Then, CAD software (3-MaticMaterialise Mimics 20.0, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) was used to design the customized BCP and PMMA blocks, which were adapted to the defect model without a space for the cement between the surfaces of the block and the defect (Figure 1b).
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7

3D Reconstruction and Fracture Reduction

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The CT scan Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) files were imported into Mimics 20.0 software (Materialise Inc., Belgium). Referring to the method described by Yang et al. and Xie et al. [12 (link), 15 (link)], a 3D model reconstruction was produced in which different fracture segments were distinguished in different colors. The 3D models were exported to 3-matic 12.0 software (Materialise Inc., Belgium). Using the sacrum and contralateral hip as a template, a mirrored hemipelvis was generated. All segments were manually reduced and automatically calibrated by “registration” to finish the reduction of the fracture.
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8

Micro-CT Analysis of Root Canal Fillings

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Specimens were scanned using a SkyScan 1276 high-resolution micro-CT scanner (SkyScan, Kontich, Belgium). The parameters were set at 100 kV, 200µA, spatial resolution of 6 μm, and rotation step of 0.25°. The cross-section images were obtained through SkyScan CT analysis software (SkyScan, Kontich, Belgium). Mimics 20.0 (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) was used for three-dimensional visualization analysis and the volumetric measurement of voids and filling materials (gutta-percha and sealer) for each specimen. The whole root was divided into 3 equal parts (coronal, middle and apical) with each 4 mm long. The volumetric percentages of voids in the whole root canal and each canal part were calculated separately. The distribution of voids was analyzed and compared among groups. Additionally, in groups E ∼ H, voids were classified as closed voids (confined in the filling material) and open voids (communicating with the root canal wall), and their volumetric percentages in the whole and each part of root canal were further calculated respectively. The volumetric percentage of voids (total, closed or open) = volume of voids (total, closed or open) / (volume of total voids + volume of fillings) * 100%. To avoid observer bias, the above analysis and calculation processes were independently conducted by a single experienced examiner .
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9

Coronary Artery Reconstruction from CCTA

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The 3D geometry of coronary arteries and plaques was reconstructed from the CCTA images using the software MIMICS 20.0 (Materialise N.V., Belgium). The reconstruction method was semiautomatic, using the Coronary Segmentation Tool of Mimics Medical Suite. Firstly, the position of the aorta was marked. Then, with start and end points marked on the CCTA image dataset, an arterial segment can be automatically reconstructed with the result saved in an independent set (a “mask” in MIMICS). For the left coronary artery tree, artery segments were extracted from the left main coronary artery (LM) to major branches, including the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex artery (LCX), and, finally, the distal branches. The small branches (diameter <1 mm, or blurred structure) were trimmed off. The left coronary artery tree was derived by connecting artery segments using the union operation of different sets.
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10

CT-based 3D Reconstruction of Pulmonary Artery Geometries

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Sixty-four-row contrast-enhanced volumetric CT (Discovery CT750 HD; General Electric, Boston, MA, USA) data were used for reconstruction of 3-D subject-specific PA models in Mimics 20.0 (Materialize, Leuven, Belgium) and surface smoothing in 3-Matic 11.0 (Materialize, Leuven, Belgium). Figure 1 shows the lateral and anterior views of the 3-D-reconstructed PA geometries of these 20 patients.
The maximum diameter of the main PA (DMPA), left PA (DLPA), and right PA (DRPA) was measured. Subject-specific aorta models were reconstructed to obtain the maximum diameter of the aorta (DAO). These vascular parameters were normalized by BSA to control for age-related deviation. The DMPA/DAO and DMPA/D(LPA+RPA) ratios were calculated to compare morphologic differences among different vessel segments.
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