The total free amino acids were extracted from callus samples with 70% ethanol (Himedia, Mumbai, India), and calculated using ninhydrin reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, Bangalore, India) as described in [25 (link)]. A standard curve against glycine was used to compute the sum of total free amino acids (0–100 mg). The free proline content was extracted from callus using 3% sulphosalicylic acid using L-proline (Sigma-Aldrich, Bangalore, India)) as a reference solution and estimated according to [26 (link)]. Total phenols were evaluated by using 10% Folin phenol reagent and standard NaHCO3 (Himedia, Mumbai, India) according to [27 (link)]. The absorbance was measured using catechol as the standard in a spectrophotometer at 660 nm.
Ethanol
Manufactured by HiMedia
Sourced in India, United States
Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid that is commonly used in laboratory settings. It serves as a solvent, disinfectant, and fuel source for various scientific applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium chloride (nacl), by HiMedia (7 mentions)
Methanol, by HiMedia (6 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by HiMedia (6 mentions)
Chloroform, by HiMedia (5 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by HiMedia (5 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by HiMedia (5 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Gallic acid, by HiMedia (4 mentions)
Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by HiMedia (4 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ethidium bromide, by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Sucrose, by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Isopropanol, by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Nutrient agar, by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ferric chloride, by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Muller hinton agar, by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by HiMedia (3 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by HiMedia (3 mentions)
44 protocols using ethanol
1
Quantification of Free Amino Acids, Proline, and Phenols in Plant Callus
2
Biofilm Formation on Coated Titanium Discs
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Streptococcus mutans [Strain: MTCC 890] and Fusobacterium nucleatum [Strain: ATCC 25586] strains were purchased from the Institute of Microbial Technology (Chandigarh, India) and American Type Culture Collection [ATCC, Manassas, Virginia, USA], respectively, for use in the biofilm formation.
Specimens were divided into these two groups:
Group I: BN-coated titanium discs [BN],
Group II: Uncoated titanium discs [Control].
3
Antimicrobial Compound Screening Protocol
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DES 98%, dimethyl sulfoxide
(DMSO), ascorbic acid, DPPH, and LC–MS grade methanol, acetonitrile,
and HPLC water were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; amphotericin B,
ciprofloxacin, streptomycin sulfate, 70% ethanol, formic acid (LC–MS
grade), PDA, and potato dextrose broth (PDB) were procured from HiMedia
Laboratories, India.
(DMSO), ascorbic acid, DPPH, and LC–MS grade methanol, acetonitrile,
and HPLC water were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; amphotericin B,
ciprofloxacin, streptomycin sulfate, 70% ethanol, formic acid (LC–MS
grade), PDA, and potato dextrose broth (PDB) were procured from HiMedia
Laboratories, India.
4
Cell Line Authentication by STR Profiling
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Unless otherwise mentioned all reagents were of the highest purity available and obtained from Sigma Aldrich (now Merck, St. Louis, MO, USA); Agarose, ethidium bromide, catalase, ethanol, DMSO, NaCl, EDTA, Tris-Cl were obtained from HiMedia (Mumbai, India); DMEDA from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan); acetonitrile from JT Baker (Center Valley, PA, USA); glutathione from Sisco Research Lab. Pvt Ltd. (Mumbai, India); 2′-deoxyadenosine from Alfa Aesar (Haverhill, MA, USA); ethylamine and propylamine from Spectrochem Pvt Ltd. (Mumbai, India).
Cell lines authentication by STR profiling was outsourced to Lifecode Technologies (New Delhi, India).
Cell lines authentication by STR profiling was outsourced to Lifecode Technologies (New Delhi, India).
5
Antimicrobial Efficacy Evaluation
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Chlorhexidine gluconate solution BP grade (Unilab Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Thermo Fisher Scientific India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai), brain heart infusion (BHI) broth, horse serum, ethanol (Hi Media Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai) were procured for the present study.
6
Ethanolic Extraction of Avicennia officinalis
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The fresh and mature leaves of Avicennia officinalis L (Order: Lamiales; Family: Acanthaceae) were collected from the Manakudy mangrove (Lat: 8° 05' 34.18"N and Long: Botany, 77° 29' 08.46" E) of Tamilnadu, India. The collected plant was identified and authenticated by a taxonomist from the Department of Botany at Sri Kaliswari College (SKC), Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India and a voucher specimen 01289 is maintained at SKC Herbarium.
Both the voucher specimen and dried plant material were preserved in laboratory for further usage. The leaves of the experimental plant were washed, shade dried, finely powdered and subjected to soxhlation process for extraction using ethanol (Himedia, India). The crude extract was filtered, dried and then stored at 4°C.
Both the voucher specimen and dried plant material were preserved in laboratory for further usage. The leaves of the experimental plant were washed, shade dried, finely powdered and subjected to soxhlation process for extraction using ethanol (Himedia, India). The crude extract was filtered, dried and then stored at 4°C.
7
Analytical-Grade Chemicals for Research
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Chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade. Freund’s adjuvants complete and incomplete, electrophoresis reagents were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Agar, brain heart infusion broth (BHI), exogenous dextrose, glucose, sucrose, peptone and maleic acid, NaCl and ethanol were obtained from HiMedia Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India). Sephadex G-200 and all other chemicals used were obtained from E. Merck Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India) or Sisco Research Lab Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India).
8
Biopolymeric Hydrogel Bead Fabrication
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Raw material for fabricating bio-polymeric beads was collected, including raw eggshell, orange peel from the campus canteen, and fresh Aloe vera leaves from the kitchen garden. Other reagents, including alginate, ethanol, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), calcium chloride, and acetic acid were purchased from HI media Laboratories, India. All the reagents/chemicals used for fabricating hydrogel beads and in their characterization were of cell culture grade.
9
Biopolymeric Hydrogel Bead Fabrication
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Raw material for fabricating bio-polymeric beads was collected, including raw eggshell, orange peel from the campus canteen, and fresh Aloe vera leaves from the kitchen garden. Other reagents, including alginate, ethanol, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), calcium chloride, and acetic acid were purchased from HI media Laboratories, India. All the reagents/chemicals used for fabricating hydrogel beads and in their characterization were of cell culture grade.
10
Antioxidant Activity Quantification
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DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), riboflavin, and ascorbic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA, whereas hydrogen peroxide was obtained from HiMedia Lab Ltd., Mumbai, India. DH2O (distilled deionized water) was prepared by Camco Industries, Chandigarh (India). All other chemicals like methanol, sulphuric acid, Whatman filter paper, petroleum ether, and ethanol were purchased from HiMedia Lab Ltd., Mumbai, India.
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