H 800

X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of samples were obtained on PANalytical X’ Pert PRO (PANalytical, Netherlands) by using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.15418 nm). The morphologies of the products were observed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi H-800). The qualitative and semi-quantitative element analysis of the particle sample was tested by using the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS, EPMA-1600, Shimadzu Corporation) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Axis Ultra, Shimadzu Corporation). The elemental composition of the whole particle was tested by using the atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS, PE-AA400, PerkinElmer Corporation) after dissolving in HNO₃.

The specimens were coated with 0.7 nm of OsO₄ (HPC-1SW, Japan). Each specimen was observed using a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi, SU-70) and underwent EDX microanalysis (EDAX Genesis; Pv 77, EDAX, USA) to analyze the elements of the area of interest. The compositions of the elements were compared.
Murine macrophages from the Cell Bank (RAW264.7; Korean Cell Line Bank No. 40071) were grown on the control and experimental discs. The growth of the cell culture was stopped at 1 h after seeding by fixing the samples. All materials including raw materials were prepared for scanning electron microscopic examination. After immobilization of the samples on the plate, each sample was coated with gold and examined using a scanning electron microscope (H-800, Hitachi, Japan).

In a typical experiment57 (link), 0.122 g of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate trisodium salt (FBP) (Sangon Biotech, China) was dissolved in 15 mL of deionized water, and then the above solution was added dropwise to 25 mL CaCl₂ aqueous solution (CaCl₂, 0.111 g, Sinopharm) under magnetic stirring at room temperature. The pH value of the mixed solution was maintained at 10 by dripping 1 M NaOH aqueous solution. After continuous stirring for 10 min, the resulting solution was transferred into a 60 mL autoclave, and heated in a microwave oven (MDS-6, Sineo, China) to 140 °C for 10 min. After cooling to room temperature, the product was separated by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and dried at 60 °C for 24 h.
The morphology of the MHMs was observed using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, SU8200, Japan) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM, Hitachi H-800, Japan). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the MHMs was recorded using an X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku D/max 2550 V, Cu_Kα radiation, λ = 1.54178 Å). The dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement was taken on a zeta potential analyzer (ZetaPlus, Brookhaven Instruments Corporation). The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and pore size distribution were measured by a specific surface area and pore size analyzer (V-sorb 2800 P, Gold APP, China).

The morphological structures of Ag@MOF nanoparticles were imaged by Transmission electron micrograph (TEM; H800, Hitachi, Japan) at 200 kV. The elemental distributions of Ag@MOF were measured by energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). The size distributions of Ag@MOF were detected and then precisely analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS; Zeta‐Sizer Nano‐ZS, Malvern, UK). The chemical structure of Gel, GelMA, HA, and HA‐E was characterized by ¹H NMR (Inova‐500M, Varian, America). Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR; Vertex‐70, Bruker, Germany) was utilized to determine the functional groups of Gel, GelMA, HA, and HA‐E. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; S‐3400, Hitachi, Japan) was used to obtain and analyze images of microscopic morphology of the composite hydrogels with an acceleration potential of 5 kV. Finally, the average pore size of the synthesized material was calculated by Nano measure software.

Morphology and size of MNPs were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (H-800; Hitachi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan) operating at 200 kV. Composition and crystal form were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (D/MAX 2200; Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.154056 nm), with operation voltage at 40 kV and current at 40 mA. Magnetic properties including the saturation magnetic induction and coercivity were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) (Lakeshore 7407; Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc., Westerville, OH, USA).