Male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200–225 g were housed in a standard caging. Rats were fed normal chow containing 0.4% sodium (Harlan Teklad, Madison, WI, USA) and allowed free access to distilled water. Prior to the beginning of the experiment, rats were pretrained on a noninvasive tail cuff plethysmography multichannel system (Kent Scientific, Torrington, CT, USA) three times a week for 2 weeks to measure systolic blood pressure. All procedures were approved by the Henry Ford Health System Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and adhered to the guiding principles in the care and use of experimental animals in accordance with the National Institute of Health guidelines. Henry Ford Hospital operates an Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC)-accredited animal care facility.
Normal chow
Manufactured by Inotiv
Sourced in United Kingdom
Normal chow is a type of laboratory animal diet. It is formulated to provide a balanced and complete nutrition for laboratory animals, such as rodents, during the course of experiments or general maintenance.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
6 protocols using normal chow
1
Blood Pressure Measurement in Sprague Dawley Rats
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CSNK1a1 Knockout Metabolic Phenotyping
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The PPARγ-tTA and TRE-Cre mice were maintained as described and used to generate controls and CSNK1a1 loss-of-function mutants. CSNK1a1 conditional knockout mice (loxP sites flank exon 3) were provided by Benjamin Ebert, Harvard University. Mice were fed normal chow (4% fat, Teklad). Sample size was chosen as needed for statistical significance by a two-tailed Student's t-test. Control and mutant male mice were analysed for glucose levels at 5 weeks, 10 weeks and 3.5 months of age. Fed blood glucose was measured at the end of the light cycle, between 17:00 and 18:00 hours, using a standard glucometer (Contour). For GTTs, 1.25 mg glucose per 1 g mouse weight was injected intraperitoneally after a 5–6-h daytime fast; blood glucose levels were measured at the indicated times. Fat content was measured using a minispec mq10 NMR Analyzer (Bruker) at the UT Southwestern Medical Center Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Core (MMPC). Necropsies were performed on male mice ⩾3.5 months of age. Plasma triglyceride and hormone tests were also done at the UTSW MMPC. Veterinary care was provided by the Division of Comparative Medicine. Animals were maintained under the UT Southwestern Medical Center Animal Care and Use Committee guidelines according to current NIH guidelines under animal protocol 2010-0015.
3
Alcohol Consumption in Rodent Models
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Adult post pubertal age‐matched male NMRI mice (8 to 12 weeks old and 25 to 40 g body weight; B&K Universal AB, Sollentuna, Sweden) were used. We have extensive experience with NMRI mice, and they are considered to be a good model for general use and are extensively used in behavioral studies used in psychopharmacology research (Jerlhag et al., 2009 ). All mice were group‐housed and maintained at a 12/12 hour light/dark cycle. Adult post pubertal age‐matched male Rcc Han Wistar rats (Harlan, Horst, Netherlands) were used as they are known to voluntarily consume alcohol using the intermittent access model and thereby reach physiological relevant blood alcohol concentrations (Simms et al., 2008 ). They were housed individually in high Macrolon III cages covered with filter tops (Tecniplast, Varese, Italy) and maintained on a 12‐hour reversed light dark cycle.
All animals were maintained at 20°C with 50% humidity and tap water and food (Normal chow; Harlan Teklad, Norfolk, UK) were supplied ad libitum. These studies were carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Swedish Animal Welfare Act, and all experiments were approved by the Swedish Ethical Committee on Animal Research in Gothenburg.
All animals were maintained at 20°C with 50% humidity and tap water and food (Normal chow; Harlan Teklad, Norfolk, UK) were supplied ad libitum. These studies were carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Swedish Animal Welfare Act, and all experiments were approved by the Swedish Ethical Committee on Animal Research in Gothenburg.
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Transgenic Mouse Models for Adipose Research
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Dietary-Induced Obesity Rat Model
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Acclimatization and Housing Conditions for NMRI Mice
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Adult post-pubertal age-matched male NMRI mice (8–12 weeks old and 25–40 g body weight; Charles River, Susfeldt, Germany) were used. The mice were allowed to acclimatize at least one week before the start of the experiment and were group housed and maintained at a 12/12 hour light/dark cycle, a temperature at 20°C and a 50% humidity. Tap water and food (normal chow; Harlan Teklad, Norfolk, England) were supplied ad libitum. The Swedish Ethical Committee on Animal Research in Gothenburg approved the experiments and all efforts were made to minimize animal suffering as well as to reduce the number of animals used. Each experiment used an independent set of mice
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