767 mobile aneroidsphygmomanometer

Body mass index was calculated as weight/height^{2 (link)} (kg/m²). Waist circumference was measured half way between the
lowest rib margin and the iliac crest at the end of a normal expiration. Hip
circumference was measured around the widest portion of the buttocks with the
tape parallel to the floor. The waist-to-hip ratio was calculated by dividing
waist circumference by hip circumference. Blood pressure was obtained while the
patient was in a seated position and was considered to be the mean of three
readings taken 5 min apart using a Welch Allyn 767 mobile aneroid
sphygmomanometer (Welch Allyn Inc.; Skaneateles Falls, NY, USA).

During the 1st visit, stature was measured by stadiometer (HR-200; Tanita, Wall-Mounted Height Rod, Arlington Heights, IL, USA). Waist circumference was measured at the level of the umbilicus after deep expiration. Blood pressure was taken manually (767 Mobile Aneroid Sphygmomanometer; Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, NY, USA) on each arm after 10–15 min of quiet sitting and measured twice on each arm. A 3rd reading was taken when there was a difference of ≥10 mmHg between the 1st and 2nd reading, with the highest reading recorded. Body mass was measured with an electronic digital platform scale (Tanita BC-418 Body Composition Analyzer; Tanita Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). After height and weight were recorded, body mass index (BMI) was calculated using body mass (kg) divided by subject height (m²). Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c (%)) was measured from venous blood, which was analyzed by an accredited laboratory (Douglas Hanley Moir Pty Ltd., Sydney, Australia). Measurements were taken within 3 months before commencing the 1st intervention.