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P akt thr308

Manufactured by Cell Signaling Technology
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany

P-AKT Thr308 is a laboratory assay product that detects and measures the phosphorylation of the AKT protein at the threonine 308 residue. This phosphorylation event is a key regulatory mechanism in the AKT signaling pathway.

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128 protocols using p akt thr308

1

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Protein samples were prepared in reduced and denatured forms (32 (link)) and resolved using SDS-PAGE. The proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane and then blocked with 5% nonfat milk in TBS-T (0.02 M Tris–HCl, 0.16 M NaCl, and 0.1% Tween-20, pH 7.4), at room temperature, for 1 h. The membranes were incubated overnight with primary antibodies PABPC4 (Bethyl, #A301-466A), NCoR1 (Affinity, #AF0270), PABPC1 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, #PA5-29883), FLAG (Sigma-Aldrich, #F1804), α-tubulin (Sigma-Aldrich, #T9026), OXPHOS (proteins of mitochondrial ETC) (Abcam, #ab110413), PPARD (Thermo Fisher Scientific, #PA1-823A), eIF4G (Cell Signaling Technology, #2498), puromycin (Merck, #MABE343), Vinculin (Cell Signaling Technology, #4650), Lamin A (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, #sc-71481), and β actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, #81178), Akt (Cell Signaling Technology, #9272), p-AktThr308 (Cell Signaling Technology, #9275), ubiquitin (Abcam, #ab7254), and GST (Sigma-Aldrich, #G7781). The membrane was then washed with TBS-T and incubated with horseradish peroxidase–conjugated secondary antibody (1:10,000) in TBS-T solution containing 5% nonfat for 1 h. Membranes were washed with TBS-T and then added the peroxidase substrate SuperSignal West Plus (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and the band intensities were captured in the ImageQuant LAS500 (GE Healthcare).
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2

Analyzing Protein Signaling Pathways

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Cells were seeded into six-well plates, and media was exchanged the following morning for DMEM containing 0.5% FBS. Cells were harvested at 70% confluency after 72 hours treatment. Western blot analysis of whole cell and tumor lysates was performed, as previously described [21 (link)]. P-AKTThr308 (1:1000 dilution), AKT (1:1000 dilution) P-S6Ser240/244 (1:3000 dilution), S6 (1:1000 dilution), P-JNK Thr183/Tyr185(1:1000 dilution), JNK (1:1000 dilution), cleaved PARP (1:1000 dilution), BIM (1:1000 dilution), and MCL-1 (1:1000 dilution), were obtained from obtained from Cell Signaling Technologies (Beverly, MA). β-actin (1:5000 dilution) was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Secondary antibody (1:10,000 dilution) was obtained from Jackson ImmunoResearch (West Grove, PA).
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3

Prostate Cancer Cell Signaling Assay

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LNCaP95 cells were serum-starved for 24hr, followed by treatment with DMSO, EPI-002 (25uM), enzalutamide (10 uM), BEZ235 (15nM) or a combination for 1hr prior to addition of R1881 or EtOH for 48hr. Antibodies used were: AR (1:1000; Santa Cruz), AR-V7 (1:400; Precision), p110α (1:500; BD Bioscience), p110β (1:1000; abcam), p100γ (1:1000; abcam), p110δ (1:1000; abcam), UBE2C (Boston Biochem; 1:1000), PTEN (1:1000), pS6 (1:2000), pAktThr308 (1:1000), pAktSer473 (1:2000), p4EBP1 (1:1000), total-Akt (1:1000), total-S6 (1:1000), total-4EBP1 (1:1000), pERK/MAPK (1:1000), total-ERK/MAPK (1:1000) from Cell Signaling technology (Danvers, MA). β-actin (1:10,000, Abcam) was used as a loading control.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Glucose Signaling

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Western blot analysis was performed as described from skeletal muscle of mice that underwent an oral glucose tolerance test [26] (link). Ponceau staining was used to confirm equal protein loading [29] (link). The following antibodies used for immunoblot analysis were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA): Akt (#9272), p-Akt Thr308 (#4056), p-Akt Ser473 (#9271), GSK3β (#9315), p-GSK3β Ser9 (#9323), GS (#3839), p-GS Ser641 (#3891), mTOR (#2983), p-mTOR Ser2448 (#5536), 4EBP1 (#9644), p-4EBP1 Thr37/46 (#2855), p-p70S6K Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424 (#2708), p70S6K (#9205), p-STAT1 Tyr701 (#9171), STAT1 (#9172). The following antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK): total OXPHOS Rodent WB Antibody Cocktail (ab110413), FOXO1 (ab12161), and FOXO3 (ab47409). Antibodies against GLUT4 (#07-1404, Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany) and Hexokinase 2 (kindly provided by Oluf Pedersen, University of Copenhagen) were used. Appropriate secondary mouse or rabbit antibodies were purchased from Bio-Rad. The immunoreactive proteins were quantified densitometrically utilizing Quantity One Software (Bio-Rad).
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5

Src and Akt Signaling Pathway Assay

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PP2 was purchased from MCE (MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) and dissolved in DMSO (Sigma‐Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA). Anti‐human Src, p‐Src (Tyr416), Akt, p‐Akt (Thr308), GAPDH, CDK4, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, vimentin, E‐cadherin, and N‐cadherin antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Anti‐human Snail antibody was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Anti‐mouse and anti‐rabbit antibodies were from Jackson Immunoresearch (West Grove, PA, USA).
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6

Primary Hepatocyte Isolation and Culture

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The reagents for primary hepatocyte isolation and culture including Medium 199, Dulbecco’s Modification of Eagle Medium (DMEM), liver perfusion buffer and liver digest buffer were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). For RNA extraction, RNA STAT-60 was purchased from TEL-TEST (Friendswood, TX). The reagents for cDNA synthesis and real-time PCR were obtained from Applied Biosystems (Foster city, CA). All real-time PCR primer sets used in this study were synthesized by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Antibodies against β-actin (#4967), PKCζ (#9368), PKCι (#2998), phospho- PKCζ/λ (p-PKCζ/λ) Thr410/403 (#9378), AKT (#9272), phospho-AKT (p-AKT) Ser473 (#9271), p-AKT Thr308 (#9275), p-AKT Thr450 (#9267), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1, #2382), fatty acid synthase (FAS, #3189), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC, #3662), phospho-ACC (p-ACC) Ser79 (#3661) used in this study were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). All other reagents and materials were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA) unless described otherwise.
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7

Protein Expression Analysis Protocol

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Protein was isolated in RIPA lysis buffer (Millipore, catalog no. 20–188), supplemented with protease inhibitor (Roche, catalog no. 11836170001) and PhosSTOP (Roche, catalog no. 4906845001). The following primary antibodies were used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations: AP-2α (Abcam, catalog no. ab108311), TGM2 (Abcam, catalog no. ab2386), CDK1+2+3 (Abcam, catalog no. ab32384), RAD51 (Santa Cruz, catalog no. sc-8349), CALB2 (Abnova, catalog no. MAB2741), GMNN (DSHB, catalog no. CPTC-GMNN-1-s), ACSS2 (Santa Cruz, catalog no. sc-398559), pan AKT (Cell Signaling Technology, catalog no. 4691), pAKT Thr308 (Cell Signaling Technology, catalog no. D25E6), and pAKT1/2/3 Ser473 (Santa Cruz, catalog no. sc-7985 R). GAPDH (Santa Cruz, catalog no. sc-47724) was used as a loading control. Secondary antibodies were used according to the manufacturer’s specification: anti-rabbit horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (Cell Signaling Technology, catalog no. 7074) and anti-mouse HRP (Cell Signaling Technology, catalog no. 7076). Protein was visualized with SuperSignal West Femto maximum sensitivity substrate (TFS, catalog no. 34095).
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8

Apoptosis Pathway Protein Analysis

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Cells were lysed and equal amounts of cell lysates (15μg) were separated via SDS-PAGE and electroblotted onto PVDF membranes (Bio-Rad). After blocking, membranes were probed with rabbit anti-caspase-3/-9, -cleaved caspase-3/-9, -Bcl-2, -Bcl-xl, -Bax, -phospho(p)-PTEN, -p-AktSer473, -p-AktThr308, -Akt, -p-mTORSer2448, -mTOR, -raptor, and -β-actin antibodies (Cell Signaling Technologies), and blots were visualized using diluted horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit (mouse) secondary antibodies (Cell Signaling Technologies). After three washes, proteins were detected using the enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) kit (Millipore, Bedford, MA) and the ChemiGenius Bio-Imaging System (Syngene, Cambridge, UK).
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9

Quantitative Cardiac Biomarker Analysis

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A Waters Acquity
UPLC liquid chromatograph (Waters), a Waters Xevo G2 Q-TOF mass spectrometer
(Waters), an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm ×
100 mm × 1.7 μm) (Waters) were used. Antibodies against
GAPDH, P-Akt (Thr308), PI3K, Bax, and Bcl-2 were obtained from Cell
Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA). Cyt c, p53, and FOXO1 were purchased
from USCN Business Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China), and Bad was purchased
from Proteintech Group Inc. (Wuhan, China). All secondary antibodies
(HRP-conjugated antirabbit and antimouse IgG) were obtained from Cell
Signaling Technology. The rat serum BNP ELISA kit was purchased from
Equation Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). The BCA Protein
Quantification kit was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. DOX
and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were purchased from Solarbio Co.,
Ltd. (Beijing, China). Methanol, acetonitrile, and formic acid of
HPLC grade were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Pure water
was purchased from Watsons (China).
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10

Antibody Validation for Protein Analysis

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The antibodies used for western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were pAKT
Ser473 (Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution), pAKT Thr308 (Cell Signaling
Technology 1:500 dilution), AKT (Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution), pS6
Ser240/244 (Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution), pERK Thr202/Tyr204 (Cell
Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution), ERK (Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution),
pMET Tyr1234/1235(Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution), MET (Cell Signaling
Technology, 1:1000 dilution), MET (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, 1:200 dilution) and Actin
(Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution). All immunohistochemical analyses were
conducted by the MSKCC Molecular Cytology core.
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