A single-channel endoscope (GIF-H260 or GIF-H260Z; Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was used for a diagnostic endoscopy. All ESD procedures were performed on hospitalized patients while sedated with propofol using a conventional one-channel endoscope (GIF-Q260J; Olympus Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan). After identifying the lesion, we injected normal saline containing epinephrine and indigo carmine into the submucosal layer to elevate it above the muscularis propria; we then performed a circular incision and dissection using a needle knife (KD-610L, Olympus Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan). Finally, hemoclips or hemostatic forceps were used to control the bleeding or exposed vessels. To prevent problems such as delayed bleeding or perforation, all patients were instructed to fast for 48 h following ESD and were given proton pump inhibitor infusions intravenously. Meanwhile, all patients were prescribed proton pump inhibitors for 4 to 8 weeks following ESD.
Gif h260
Manufactured by Olympus
Sourced in Japan
The GIF-H260 is a high-performance laboratory equipment designed for general-purpose applications. It features a compact and durable construction, offering reliable performance. The device's core function is to provide a stable and controlled environment for various laboratory procedures.
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Lab products found in correlation
Gif h290, by Olympus (20 mentions)
Gif q260, by Olympus (20 mentions)
Gif h260z, by Olympus (17 mentions)
Gif q260j, by Olympus (16 mentions)
Gif hq290, by Olympus (12 mentions)
Vio300d, by Erbe (7 mentions)
Evis lucera, by Olympus (6 mentions)
Dualknife, by Olympus (5 mentions)
Kd 610l, by Olympus (4 mentions)
Gif q240, by Olympus (4 mentions)
Gif h290z, by Olympus (4 mentions)
Fg 47l 1, by Olympus (3 mentions)
Fd 410lr, by Olympus (3 mentions)
Gif xp260n, by Olympus (3 mentions)
Gif xp290n, by Olympus (3 mentions)
Icc 200, by Erbe (3 mentions)
Cf h260al, by Olympus (3 mentions)
Eg 2990i, by Pentax (3 mentions)
Gif xq260, by Olympus (3 mentions)
Gif h260j, by Olympus (3 mentions)
112 protocols using gif h260
1
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Procedure
2
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Lesions
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Diagnostic endoscopy (GIF-H260 or GIF-H290; Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and endoscopic forceps biopsies were performed for all patients before ESD. Most patients were referred from other hospitals and underwent an additional biopsy or their referred biopsy specimens were reviewed again. We performed ESD using the technique previously described.[9 (link)] After creating marks 1 to 2 mm outside of the lesion, normal saline with an epinephrine and indigo carmine mixture was injected into the submucosal layer to elevate the lesion from the muscularis propria. The mucosa surrounding the lesion was then cut using an electrosurgical generator (ERBE VIO 300D, Endocut I mode, Effect 3, duration 2; Erbe Co, Tubingen, Germany) with a needle or an insulation-tipped electrosurgical knife. Finally, the connective tissue of the submucosa beneath the lesion was dissected with the coagulation current (Swift coagulation 60 W, ERBE VIO 300D). After removal of the lesions, preventive post-ESD coagulation was performed for all visibly exposed vessels (Figs. 2 –4 ).
3
Endoscopic Ablation of Gastric Neoplasms
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APC treatment was performed when the gastric neoplasms of less than 1 cm confined to mucosa, or when the patients or lesions met the following criteria: (1) when the patient is elderly or unable to perform long-term procedure due to poor cooperation; (2) when the patient has high risk conditions such as severe coagulopathy or heart failure; or (3) when the lesions are untreatable by endoscopic resection because of unclear margins, non-lifting sign, or technically difficult area. Patients were under conscious sedation with intravenous midazolam (0.05 mg/kg) and pethidine (50 mg). Their cardiorespiratory functions were monitored continuously during the procedure. All APCs were performed by experienced gastrointestinal endoscopists (J.Y.A., H.K.N., K.W.J., J.H.L., D.H.K., K.D.C., H.J.S., G.H.L., and H.Y.J.) using a single-channel endoscope (GIF-H260 or GIF-HQ290; Olympus Optical Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). For APC (APC 300; Erbe Electromedicine, Tübingen, Germany), after confirming the lesion, saline containing epinephrine (0.01 mg/mL) and indigo carmine was submucosally injected using a 23-gauge needle, and the lesion was ablated using APC. The gas flow rate was 1.8 L/min, and the electrical current was set at either 60 or 80 W.
4
Endoscopic Resection of Esophageal Lesions
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All tumors were evaluated by lugol chromoendoscopy or narrow-band imaging before ER, and SM invasion was assessed by endoscopic ultrasonography. The ER was performed using a single-channel endoscope (GIF-H260; Olympus Optical, Tokyo, Japan). After circumferential marking of the lesion, normal saline containing a mixture of epinephrine (0.01 mg/mL) and indigo carmine was injected into the SM layer and the lifted mucosa was circumferentially incised. Endoscopic SM dissection was performed using an insulated-tip knife 2 (IT knife; Olympus Optical) or IT knife (MTW Endoskopie, Wesel, Germany). Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed using a snare (SD-12U-1 or SD-9U-1; Olympus Optical) after circumferential incision. A UES-30 (Olympus Optical) or VIO 300D (Erbe Elektromedizin, Tübingen, Germany) system was used as the electrosurgical unit. Coagulation of all visible or bleeding vessels on the artificial ulcer was thoroughly performed using hemostatic forceps (FD-410LR; Olympus Optical).
5
Endoscopic Gastric Mucosal Visibility Assessment
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Endoscopists participating in this study completed over 1,000 EGDs and were blinded to the fasting protocols of the participants. All procedures were performed using GIF-H260 or GIF-H290 endoscopes (Olympus Optical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). All participants received oral dyclonine mucilage and protease prior to EGD. Dyclonine mucilage is a compound preparation containing dyclonine hydrochloride for local anesthesia and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether for anti-foam. Antispasmodic agents were not routinely administered. After endoscope insertion into the stomach, endoscopists assessed the mucosal visibility of the four gastric domains: the antrum, lower gastric body, upper gastric body, and fundus. After lumen cleaning, photos were taken according to a systematic screening protocol for the stomach.12 (link) If suspicious lesions were found, narrow-band imaging, magnifying endoscopy, or chromoendoscopy was used for further observation, and biopsy was performed as indicated.
6
Early Capsule Endoscopy for Gastrointestinal Bleeding
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Early CE performed within 3 days of admission reportedly has a higher diagnostic yield than CE performed 4 days or later after admission
17 (link)
. Therefore, the next endoscopic procedure after CS was defined as EGD or CE performed within 3 days of bleeding. Each next endoscopic procedure was performed in the same way between the two institutions. We used high-resolution electronic video endoscopes (GIF-H260, GIF-Q260 J, or GIF-H260Z; Olympus Optical, Tokyo, Japan) or the Pillcam SB, SB2, or SB3 CE device (Given Imaging, Yoqneam, Israel). Before CE, patients were required to fast for 12 hours and take 40 mg of simethicone orally to prevent gas bubble formation
18 (link)
. When the capsule reached the colon or at 8 hours after ingestion (by which time the battery would presumably have run out), the recording device and sensor array were removed. Experienced gastroenterologists with more than 5 years of CE experience (S.T. and Y.A.), who had the patients’ clinical background information, reviewed the CE images. All management decisions were made at the discretion of the attending physician.
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Early CE performed within 3 days of admission reportedly has a higher diagnostic yield than CE performed 4 days or later after admission
17 (link)
. Therefore, the next endoscopic procedure after CS was defined as EGD or CE performed within 3 days of bleeding. Each next endoscopic procedure was performed in the same way between the two institutions. We used high-resolution electronic video endoscopes (GIF-H260, GIF-Q260 J, or GIF-H260Z; Olympus Optical, Tokyo, Japan) or the Pillcam SB, SB2, or SB3 CE device (Given Imaging, Yoqneam, Israel). Before CE, patients were required to fast for 12 hours and take 40 mg of simethicone orally to prevent gas bubble formation
18 (link)
. When the capsule reached the colon or at 8 hours after ingestion (by which time the battery would presumably have run out), the recording device and sensor array were removed. Experienced gastroenterologists with more than 5 years of CE experience (S.T. and Y.A.), who had the patients’ clinical background information, reviewed the CE images. All management decisions were made at the discretion of the attending physician.
7
Endoscopic Removal of Foreign Bodies
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After fasting for 4 to 6 h, each patient underwent an upper endoscopy under local pharyngeal anesthesia with Lidocaine mucilage. Flexible endoscopes (GIF-Q240, GIF-Q260, GIF-H260, GIF-H290; Olympus Optical Co, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) were used for the procedure. A variety of accessory devices were used to remove the FBs, which included foreign-body retrieval forceps, retrieval baskets and snares. A latex protector hood was used to protect the digestive tract while removing FBs.
8
Endoscopic Removal of Ingested Foreign Bodies
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All patients suspected of having ingested foreign bodies underwent routine radiologic and laryngologic examination to exclude oropharyngeal foreign bodies. Patients also underwent computed tomography scan of the chest, depending on the clinical setting and at the discretion of the attending physician, before or after the endoscopic procedure. Endoscopic foreign body removal was initially attempted using a flexible endoscope (GIF-H260 or GIF-Q260; Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). All patients were examined by board-certified endoscopists under local pharyngeal anesthesia with lidocaine. Because of the risk of aspiration, patients were not placed under conscious sedation. Vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation, were monitored continually throughout the procedure. Accessory devices used to remove foreign bodies included standard biopsy forceps, rat-tooth forceps, alligator forceps (FG-47 L-1; Olympus), a retrieval basket (MTW Endoskopie, Wesel, Germany), or a snare (MTW Endoskopie). Additional protective measures, such as a latex protector hood (DIAGMED, Thirsk, England), an overtube (TS-12,140 or TS-13,140; Fujinon, Saitama, Japan), or a transparent cap (Olympus), were occasionally used to prevent damage to the gastrointestinal tract during the removal of sharp or pointed foreign bodies.
9
Comprehensive Esophageal Cancer Staging
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Staging workup included endoscopy with biopsy, EUS, esophagography, and chest computed tomography (CT). In addition, patients with lower esophageal cancer underwent abdominal CT scans. After March 2001, positron emission tomography was routinely included in the staging workup. The endoscopes used in the staging workup were mainly GIF-H260 (Olympus Optical Co, Tokyo, Japan). Endoscopic resection was performed with endoscopic submucosal dissection and surgical resection was performed with a transhiatal, abdominal–right thoracic (Ivor–Lewis) or right thoracic–abdominal–cervical (McKeown) approach. After discharge, all patients entered a follow-up program according to a standard protocol. The endpoint of the oncological outcome was tumor recurrence. For the assessment of recurrence-free survival, recurrence was defined as the development of locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis, or de novo esophageal cancer (metachronous esophageal cancer) after endoscopic or surgical resection. All cases of recurrence were documented pathologically and/or by radiological imaging.
10
Standard Single-Channel Endoscopy Protocol
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