Rabbit anti cldn2

Rabbit anti-p-Akt (Ser473), anti-p-Akt (Thr308), anti-Akt, anti-PDK1, anti-p-PDK1, anti-PI3K p85, anti-p-PI3K p85, and anti-ERK1/2 antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Mouse anti-CLDN2, rabbit anti-CLDN2, mouse anti-ZO-1, and rabbit anti-ZO-1 antibodies were from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA). Mouse anti-p-Stat3 (Y705) and anti-Stat3 antibodies were from BD Biosciences (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). Goat anti-β-actin and rabbit anti-p-ERK1/2 antibodies were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Fisetin, GEF, and LY-294002 were obtained from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Control cells were treated with DMSO as a vehicle. The concentration of DMSO in the control and drug-treated cells was 0.1%. CDDP and DXR were from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). DOC and hypoxia probe solution (LOX-1) were from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan) and Medical and Biological Laboratory (Tokyo, Japan), respectively. All other reagents were of the highest purity available.

Caffeine, kahweol, and cafestol were purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Theophylline and theobromine were obtained from Tokyo Kasei Kogyo (Tokyo Japan). Dimethyl sulfoxide was the vehicle used for the dissolution coffee ingredients. Rabbit anti-CLDN1, rabbit anti-CLDN2, and mouse anti-ZO-1 antibodies were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA). Goat anti-β-actin antibody, DXR, and chlorogenic acid were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA), Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan), and LKT Laboratories (St. Paul, MN, USA). All other reagents were of the highest purity available.