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7 protocols using p eif4e

1

Western Blot Analysis of Apoptosis Regulators

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Antibodies directed against bcl2, Mcl-1 (Mcl-1L), Mnk1, Mnk2, eIF4E, and phosphorylated eIF4E at Ser209 (p-eIF4E), obtained from Abcam, were used to determine protein level by Western blot. β-actin (Abcam) was used as a loading control.
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2

Evaluation of Cryptotanshinone in Leukemia

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Cryptotanshinone (CPT) was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd, with a purity of 98% (#B21586, Shanghai, China). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was applied to further confirm the purity of CPT (98%). Imatinib (Genike) was obtained from Nanjing Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors nilotinib was purchased from Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd (#N126111, Shanghai, China). Dasatinib was obtained from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd (#S45672, Shanghai, China). Antibodies used in this study were purchased from Cell Signalling Technology (MA, USA), including cleaved caspase-3 (#9664), cleaved PARP (#5625), p-STAT3 (#9145), Bcr-Abl (#3908), p-Bcr-Abl (#3009), p-Src (#2101) and β-Actin (#3700). Antibody for cleaved caspase-9 (Asp353) (#AF5240) was obtained from Affinity Biosciences (Cincinnati, OH, USA), for eIF4E (#610270) was obtained from BD Biosciences (San Diego, CA, USA), and p-eIF4E (ab76256) was purchased from Abcam. The rabbit polyclonal antibody against Ki-67 (PB9026) and mouse monoclonal antibody against PCNA (BM0104) was obtained from Boster Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
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3

Quantification of eIF4E Phosphorylation in Neurons

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Cortical neurons and brain tissue were homogenized in lysis buffer containing NaCl 137 mM, KCl, 2.7 mM, Na2HPO4 10 mM, KH2PO4, 1.8 mM, EDTA 5 mM, Triton 1%, and complete protease and phosphatase inhibitors (Roche Applied Science). Immunoblotting was done with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies and Pierce ECL Western Blotting Substrate. The following primary antibody was used in this study: p-eIF4E (Abcam, ab76256 1:1000), eIF4E (Abcam, ab47482 1:1000), p-ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling, 4370S 1:1000), ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling, 4695S 1:1000), p-eIF4G (Cell Signaling, 2441S 1:1000), eIF4G (Cell Signaling, 2498 1:1000), p-MNK1 (Cell Signaling, 2111, 1:1000), MNK1 (Cell Signaling, 2195S, 1:1000), GAPDH (Cell Signaling, 5174 1:2000) and calnexin (Stressgen, SPA-865 1:2000). Loading controls were run on the same gel, and for some experiments Mini PROTEAN® TGX Stain-Free™ Gels (Bio-Rad) were used as loading controls. Signals were acquired using an image analyzer (Bio-Rad, ChemiDoc MP Imaging System) and images were analyzed and prepared using ImageJ.
For additional measurements of eIF4E phosphorylation state, the AlphaLISA SureFire Ultra p-eIF4E (Ser209) Assay Kits (PerkinElmer) were used according to the manufactures protocol. AlphaLISA signals were measured using a Tecan SPARK plate reader on recommended settings.
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4

Quantification of eIF4E Phosphorylation in Neurons

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Cortical neurons and brain tissue were homogenized in lysis buffer containing NaCl 137 mM, KCl, 2.7 mM, Na2HPO4 10 mM, KH2PO4, 1.8 mM, EDTA 5 mM, Triton 1%, and complete protease and phosphatase inhibitors (Roche Applied Science). Immunoblotting was done with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies and Pierce ECL Western Blotting Substrate. The following primary antibody was used in this study: p-eIF4E (Abcam, ab76256 1:1000), eIF4E (Abcam, ab47482 1:1000), p-ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling, 4370S 1:1000), ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling, 4695S 1:1000), p-eIF4G (Cell Signaling, 2441S 1:1000), eIF4G (Cell Signaling, 2498 1:1000), p-MNK1 (Cell Signaling, 2111, 1:1000), MNK1 (Cell Signaling, 2195S, 1:1000), GAPDH (Cell Signaling, 5174 1:2000) and calnexin (Stressgen, SPA-865 1:2000). Loading controls were run on the same gel, and for some experiments Mini PROTEAN® TGX Stain-Free™ Gels (Bio-Rad) were used as loading controls. Signals were acquired using an image analyzer (Bio-Rad, ChemiDoc MP Imaging System) and images were analyzed and prepared using ImageJ.
For additional measurements of eIF4E phosphorylation state, the AlphaLISA SureFire Ultra p-eIF4E (Ser209) Assay Kits (PerkinElmer) were used according to the manufactures protocol. AlphaLISA signals were measured using a Tecan SPARK plate reader on recommended settings.
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5

Immunofluorescence and Western Blot Antibodies

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The antibodies used for immunofluorescence staining were as follows: p-eIF4E from Abcam(Cambridge, MA), eIF4E, nucleolin, SUMO-1 and Ki-67 were from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA).
The antibodies used for western blot analysis were as follows: p-eIF4E, eIF4E, nucleolin, myosin-9, LRP-130, CRM-1, DDX39B, eIF4A1, Tubulin, β-actin, hnRNPA1, SUMO1, SUMO2/3 and Histone-2A antibodies. All antibodies except p-eIF4E antibody (Abcam, Cambridge, MA) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA).
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6

Immunoblot Analysis of Signaling Pathways

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Antibodies used for immunoblots were MNK2 (1:300 dilution; Abcam), eIF4E (1:5000 dilution; Abcam), P-eIF4E (1:500 dilution; Abcam), ERK1/2 (1:1000 dilution; Abcam), P-ERK1/2 (1:1000 dilution; Abcam), 4EBP1 (1:1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), P-4EBP1 (1:1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), AKT (1:1000 dilution; Affinity), P-AKT (1:1000 dilution; Affinity), β-actin (1:5000 dilution; Abcam), and Vinculin (1:5000 dilution; Abcam). AnnexinV/PI (KeyGEN). MER Inhibitor PD 0325901 and AKT inhibitor BEZ 235 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals.
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7

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tumor Tissues

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Tumor specimens from the mice were washed with 1× phosphate buffer solution (PBS), fixed with 4% formaldehyde (Mallinckrodt Chemical Co, St Louis, MO, USA) in PBS, and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections (4 µm) were cut and deparaffinized with antibodies for cleaved caspase-3 (Asp175; Cell Signaling Technology, #9664), p-rpS6 (Ser235/236; Cell Signaling Technology, #2211), p-eIF4E (Ser209; Abcam, Cambridge, UK, ab76256), p-ATM (Ser1981; Abcam, Cambridge, UK, ab81292), p-DNA-PKcs (Ser2056; Abcam, ab18192), 53BP1 (Cell Signaling Technology, #4937), VEGF-A (GeneTex, GTX102643), and HIF-1α (Abcam, ab82832); those antibodies were used as primary antibodies in the indirect immunoperoxidase immunohistochemistry method [28 (link),69 (link),70 (link)].
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